美国名人 新闻主持人 沃尔特-克朗凯特.docx

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1、美国名人新闻主持人沃尔特克朗凯特WalterCronkite,1916-2009:ATrustedTVNewsmanplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:45repeatByJeriIynWatson2009-8-15VOICEONE:mSteveEmber.VOICETWO:AndmShirleyGriffithwithPEOP1.EINAMERICAinVOASpecialEnglish.WA1.TERCRONKITE:AndthatsthewayitisVOICEONE:Foralmosttwentyyears,thatwashowWalterCronkitewou

2、ldendhisnewscasts.Americansallknewhim.Sodidmanyworldleaders.Todaysnewsanchorscouldonlyhopeforsuchrecognition.HewasoftencalledthemosttrustedmaninAmerica.HeanchoredtheCBSEveningNewsuntilnineteeneighty-one.Thesixtiesandseventiesproducedmorethanenoughstoriestofilladailynewscast.Thosewereyearsofsocialcha

3、ngeandcivilrightsprotests.YearsthatsawJohnKennedy,hisbrotherRobertandMartin1.utherKingallmurdered,thewarinSoutheastAsiaexpand,apresidentresign.YearsofworrythatthesamerocketsthatcouldtakepeopletothemooncouldalsobringnuclearwartoEarth.Andyearswhenmostofusstillthoughtofamouseasasmallcreature.Yetsmartmi

4、ndswerethinkingupthetechnologybehindtodayscomputersandtheInternet.VOICETWO:ThisJuly1,1952filephotoprovidedbyCBSshowsTVWashingtonnewsmanWalterCronkiteWalterCronkitebroughtitallhomeeachevening,MondaythroughFriday.AsPresidentBarackObamasaidinastatement:Hewastherethroughwarsandriotszmarchesandmilestones

5、,calmlytellinguswhatweneededtoknow.Andwhentheanchormanwasnotinfrontofthecamera,therewasagoodchancehewasonhisboat.Hewentsailingupuntilalmosthisfinaldays.HediedonJulyseventeenth,twothousandnine,attheageofninety-two.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:WalterCronkitewasbornonNovemberfourth,nineteensixteen,inSaintJoseph,Mis

6、souri.Hisfatherwasadentist,hismotherahousewife.WithyoungWalter,thefamilymovedfromtheMidwesttoTexas.HeworkedonhishighschoolnewspaperandlaterlefttheUniversityofTexasatAustintobecomeajournalist.Hewasanewspaperandradioreporterandsportsannouncer.InnineteenfortyhemarriedMaryElizabethMaxwell,knownasBetsy.T

7、heyhadthreechildrenandweretogetherfornearlysixty-fiveyears,untilBetsydiedintwothousandfive.VOICETWO:Asayoungreporter,WalterCronkitecoveredWorldWarTwo.HeworkedforUnitedPress,thewireservicewhichlaterbecameUnitedPressInternational.HelandedinHollandwithAmericansoldiersinaglider.Andhewasinamilitaryplaneo

8、verheadasAlliedforcesstormedthebeachatNormandy,France.ItwasJunesixth,nineteenforty-four;thestartoftheAlliedinvasionofEurope,thefinalpushtodefeatNaziGermany.1.ater;WalterCronkitereportedonthetrialsofNaziwarcriminalsatNuremburg,Germany.VOICEONE:WalterCronkiteOnedayduringthewar,thefamousjournalistEdwar

9、dR.Murrowofferedhimajob.Itwasachancetoreportforamajortelevisionnetwork,CBS,theColumbiaBroadcastingSystem.YetTVwasstillyoungthen.WalterCronkitedecidedtostaywherehewas.UnitedPressraisedhispayandlatermadehimitschiefinMoscow.ButinnineteenfiftyheacceptedanotherofferandwenttoworkforCBS.Oneofhisearlyprogra

10、mswasahistoryshowwherehequestionedactorsplayingpeoplelikeAristotleandJoanofArc.Buthewasaseriousnewsman,andinnineteenfifty-twoheledCBScoverageofthenationalpoliticalconventions.Theywerethefirsttobetelevisedcoasttocoast.VOICETWO:Tenyearslater,onAprilsixteenth,nineteensixty-twozhebecameanchoroftheCBSEve

11、ningNews.Theprogramwasonlyfifteenminuteslongthen.Ittookhimtwoyearstogethiswishtoextendittothirtyminutes.Healsobecamemanagingeditor;whichexpandedhisinfluenceovertheprogram.WA1.TERCRONKITE:Iparticipateverydirectlyintheentireprocess-inthedecisionofwhatstorieswecover;inthedecisiononhowwerecoveringthem,w

12、hatlengthoftimewe,regoingtogivetothem.Itsacontinuingprocess.Iwritepartofthebroadcast.Everybitofcopythatgoesonthebroadcastpassesthroughmyhands.IediteverywordthatIsay,Isaynowordsthathavenotgonethroughmyhand,manyofthemmyown.,WalterCronkitemetsomeofthemostimportantpeopleofhistime.ThiswasthetimeoftheCold

13、WarbetweentheUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnion.Inoneinterview,though,heaskedPresidentJohnF.Kennedyaboutanotherconflictthatwasgrowingthen.WAITERCRONKITE:MisterPresident,theonlyhotwarwevegotrunningatthemomentistheoneinVietnam.JOHNKENNEDY:Idontthinkthat,uh,unlessagreatereffortismadebythegovernmenttowinpopu

14、larsupport,thatthewarcanbewonoutthere.VOICEONE:WalterCronkiteAmericanswouldcometofindtruthinKennedyswords.But,justtwomonthsafterthatinterview,shotswerefiredathisopen-topcar.Aswewillhearlater,WalterCronkitehadthesaddutyofreportingthattheyoungpresidentwasdead.HappiermomentscameashereportedontheAmerica

15、nspaceprogram.InJulyofnineteensixty-ninehewasalmostspeechlesswhenNeilArmstrongbecamethefirstpersontowalkonthemoon.WA1.TERCRONKITE:Oh,boy!Whew!Boy!,VOICETWO:WalterCronkiterarelyexpressedhisownopinions.Thatwasnotareportersjob.ButinthelatesixtieshewenttoreportonthewartopreventacommunisttakeoverofSouthV

16、ietnam.President1.yndonJohnsonandhisadviserskepttellingAmericansthattheUnitedStateswasmakingprogress.WalterCronkitewenttoseeforhimself.Then,inacommentaryinFebruaryofnineteensixty-eight,hesaidthewarseemedunwinnable.WA1.TERCRONKITE:Itisincreasinglycleartothisreporterthattheonlyrationalwayoutthenwillbe

17、tonegotiate.Somepeopledenouncedhimandquestionedhisloyalty.Otherspraisedhimforspeakingtruthtopower;assomemightsay.Severalweekslater;1.yndonJohnsonsurprisedAmericansandannouncedthathewouldnotseekre-election.Theunpopularwarhadcosthimsupport.VOICEONE:ItwasRichardNixonwhobroughthomemostofthetroopsbeforeS

18、outhVietnamfelltothenorthinnineteenseventy-five.ButitwasalsoNixonwhobecamethefirstandonlyAmericanpresidenttoresign.Americanslearnedfromthepressthattherewaspoliticalcorruptioninhisadministration.Nightafternight,millionsturnedtoWalterCronkiteforthelatestdevelopments.Therewereotheranchorsandothernetwor

19、ks.Butpeoplethoughtofhimlikefamily-UncleWalter.HeanchoredtheCBSEveningNewsfornineteenyears.Hewassixty-fourwhenhesteppeddownonMarchsixth,nineteeneighty-one.Butheexplainedthathewasnotleavingthenetwork.WAITERCRONKITE:Oldanchormen,yousee,dontfadeaway;theyjustkeepcomingbackformore.Andthatsthewayitis.Frid

20、ay,Marchsixth,nineteeneighty-one.VOICETWO:Now,SteveEmberlooksbackwithapersonalstoryaboutWalterCronkite.VOICEONE:IremembertheafternoonofNovembertwenty-second,nineteensixty-three.Iwasafirst-yearstudentatJohnsHopkinsUniversityinBaltimore,andwasrelaxingbetweenclassesatthestudentunionbuilding.ATVwason.My

21、eyeswereelsewhere,butmyearwascaughtbytheunmistakablevoiceofWalterCronkite.WA1.TERCRONKITE:AbulletinfromCBSNews.InDallasTexas,threeshotswerefiredatPresidentKennedysmotorcadeindowntownDallas.ThefirstreportssaythatPresidentKennedyhasbeenseriouslywoundedbythisshooting.ThefirstbulletinscominginfromDallas

22、werereadbyCronkiteovertheCBSNewsbulletinslide.WAITERCRONKITE:Moredetailsjustarrived.PresidentKennedyshottoday,justashismotorcadeleftdowntownDallas.MissusKennedyjumpedupandgrabbedMisterKennedy.Shecalled0hzno!WalterCronkiteBeforelong,though,therewerepictures,withCronkiteathisdeskintheCBSnewsroominNewY

23、ork.Forsomanyofus,thepresidencyofJ.F.K.representedatimeofpromise,Thiscouldnotbehappeningwasthesentimentexpressedasagrowingcrowdgatheredaroundthatblack-and-whiteTVset.AndWalterCronkite,inmeasuredtones,informedusthatyesitwas.WhatIllalwaysrememberwasseeinghim,aboutanhourlater,momentarilytakeoffhisthick

24、darkrimmedglasses,andannounce:WAITERCRONKITE:FromDallas,Texas,theflash,apparentlyofficial,PresidentKennedydiedatonep.m.CentralStandardTime,twooclockEasternStandardTime,somethirty-eightminutesago.YoucouldseetheflashofemotionasCronkiteremovedandreplacedhisglassesandregainedhiscomposure.WA1.TERCRONKITE

25、:VicePresident1.yndonJohnsonhasleftthehospitalinDallas,butwedonotknowtowherehehasproceeded.Presumably,hewillbetakingtheoathofofficeshortly,andbecomethethirty-sixthpresidentoftheUnitedStates.Butgoingbeyondthistrustedanchorssolidpresenceindeliveringsuchnews,youhavetoknowsomethingabouttelevisionnewsint

26、hatera.Therewasnttheclutterofcrawls,flashinggraphicsorothermovingstuffthatweseetoday.TherewasWalterCronkiteinshirtsleeves,withamicrophoneinfrontofhim.Thatwasitnothingtodistractthesensesfromthemessage.Itwasupclose,andverypersonal.ItwasnotlongaftertheKennedyassassinationthatIactuallygottomeetMisterCro

27、nkite.Hewasanchoringlivecoverageofthenineteensixty-fourMarylandDemocraticprimaryelection,originatinginBaltimore.IwashiredinaminorroleontheCBSproductionteamforthatnightsbroadcast.IcantsayIrememberallthatmuchabouttheexperience,otherthanitbeingveryfast-paced.ButwhatIdorememberwas,attheendofthatlong,con

28、tinuouscoverage-itmusthavebeenabouttwoa.m.-Cronkitesatdownbrieflywithusproductionfunctionariestochat.Icouldnotbegintotellyouwhatwespokeabout.ItwasenoughtobeinthepresenceofthisgreatanchorIsoadmired,andtorealizehewasnotabovehavingabeerattheendofaverylongbroadcastwithlow-1eveIsupportpeople.Thatwasthesortofthingthatmadeayoungmanwithbroadcastingstarsinhiseyes.glowinthedark.ImSteveEmber.VOICETWO:AndmShirleyGriffith.OurprogramwaswrittenbyJerilynWatsonandproducedby1.awanDavis.Youcanfindtranscripts,MP.JoinusagainnextweekforPEOP1.EINAMERICAinVOASpecialEnglish.