美众议院通过TikTok剥离法案（英）-美众议院.docx

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1、118thCONGRESS2dSessionHR7521ANACTToprotectthenationalsecurityoftheUnitedStatesfromthethreatposedbyforeignadversarycontrolledapplications,suchasTikTokandanysuccessorapplicationorserviceandanyotherapplicationorservicedevelopedorprovidedbyByteDanceLtd.oranentityunderthecontrolofByteDanceLtd.234567891()

2、111213141516171819202122232425BeitenactedbytheSenateandHouseofRepresentativesoftheUnitedStatesOfAmericainCongressassembled,SECTION1.SHORTTITLE.ThisActmaybecitedastheProtectingAmericansfromForeignAdversaryControlledApplicationsAct”.SEC.2.PROHIBITIONOFFOREIGNADVERSARYCONTROLLEDAPPLICATIONS.(a) InGener

3、al.一(1) Prohibitionofforeignadversarycontrolledapplications.一Itshallbeunlawfulforanentitytodistribute,maintain,orupdate(orenablethedistribution,maintenance,orupdatingof)aforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationbycarryingout,withinthelandormaritimebordersoftheUnitedStates,anyofthefollowing:(A) Providing

4、servicestodistribute,maintain,orupdatesuchforeignadversarycontrolledapplication(includinganysourcecodeofsuchapplication)bymeansofamarketplace(includinganonlinemobileapplicationstore)throughwhichuserswithinthelandormaritimebordersoftheUnitedStatesmayaccess,maintain,orupdatesuchapplication.(B) Providi

5、nginternethostingservicestoenablethedistribution,maintenance,orupdat-ngofsuchforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationforuserswithinthelandormaritimebordersoftheUnitedStates.2345678910111213141516171819202122232425(2) Applicability.一Subsection(a)shallapply一(A) inthecaseofanapplicationthatsatisfiesthedef

6、initionofaforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationpursuanttosubsection(g)(3)（八）,beginningonthedatethatis180daysafterthedateoftheenactmentofthisAct;and(B) inthecaseofanapplicationthatsatisfiesthedefinitionofaforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationpursuanttosubsection(g)(3)(B),beginningonthedatethatis180da

7、ysafterthedateoftherelevantdeterminationofthePresidentundersuchsubsection.(b) DataandInformationPortabilitytoAlternativeApplications.Beforethedateonwhichaprohibitionundersubsection(a)appliestoaforeignadversarycontrolledapplication,theentitythatownsorcontrolssuchapplicationshallprovide,uponrequestbya

8、userofsuchapplicationwithinthelandormaritimebordersofUnitedStates,tosuchuseralltheavailabledatarelatedtotheaccountofsuchuserwithrespecttosuchapplication.Suchdatashallbeprovidedinamachinereadableformatandshallincludeanydatamaintainedbysuchapplicationwithrespecttotheaccountofsuchuser,includingcontent(

9、includingposts,photos,andvideos)andallotheraccountinformation.2345678910111213141516171819202122232425(c) Exemptions.一(1) Exemptionsforqualifieddivestitures.一Subsection(a)一(A) doesnotapplytoaforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationwithrespecttowhichaqualifieddivestitureisexecutedbeforethedateonwhichapr

10、ohibitionundersubsection(a)wouldbegintoapplytosuchapplication;and(B) shallceasetoapplyinthecaseofaforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationwithrespecttowhichaqualifieddivestitureisexecutedafterthedateonwhichaprohibitionundersubsection(a)appliestosuchapplication.(2) Exemptionsforcertainnecessaryservices,

11、一Subsections(a)and(b)donotapplytoservicesprovidedwithrespecttoaforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationthatarenecessaryforanentitytoattaincompliancewithsuchsubsections.(d) Enforcement.一(1) Civilpenalties.12345678910111213141516171819202122232425(A) Foreignadversarycontrolledapplicationviolations,一Anent

12、itythatviolatessubsection(a)shallbesubjecttopayacivilpenaltyinanamountnottoexceedtheamountthatresultsfrommultiplying$5,000bythenumberofuserswithinthelandormaritimebordersoftheUnitedStatesdeterminedtohaveaccessed,maintained,orupdatedaforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationasaresultofsuchviolation.(B) D

13、ataandinformationviolations.一Anentitythatviolatessubsection(b)shallbesubjecttopayacivilpenaltyinanamountnottoexceedtheamountthatresultsfrommultiplying$500bythenumberofuserswithinthelandormaritimebordersoftheUnitedStatesaffectedbysuchviolation.(2) Actionsbyattorneygeneral.一TheAttorneyGeneral一(A) shal

14、lconductinvestigationsrelatedtopotentialviolationsofsubsection(a)or(b),and,ifsuchaninvestigationresultsinadeterminationthataviolationhasoccurred,theAttorneyGeneralshallpursueenforcementunderparagraph(1);and234567891011121314151617181920212223(B) maybringanactioninanappropriatedistrictcourtoftheUnite

15、dStatesforappropriaterelief,includingcivilpenaltiesunderparagraph(1)ordeclaratoryandinjunctiverelief.(e) Severability.一(1) Ingeneral.Ifanyprovisionofthissectionortheapplicationofthissectiontoanypersonorcircumstanceisheldinvalid,theinvalidityshallnotaffecttheotherprovisionsorapplicationsofthissection

16、thatcanbegiveneffectwithouttheinvalidprovisionorapplication.(2) Subsequentdeterminations.一Iftheapplicationofanyprovisionofthissectionisheldinvalidwithrespecttoaforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationthatsatisfiesthedefinitionofsuchtermpursuanttosubsection(g)(3)（八）,suchinvalidityshallnotaffectorpreclud

17、etheapplicationofthesameprovisionofthissectiontosuchforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationbymeansofasubsequentdeterminationpursuanttosubsection(g)(3)(B).(f) RuleofConstruction.NothinginthisActmaybeconstrued234567891011121314151617181920212223(1) toauthorizetheAttorneyGeneraltopursueenforcement,undert

18、hissection,otherthanenforcementofsubsection(a)or(b);(2) toauthorizetheAttorneyGeneraltopursueenforcement,underthissection,againstanindividualuserofaforeignadversarycontrolledapplication;or(3) exceptasexpresslyprovidedherein,toalteroraffectanyotherauthorityprovidedbyorestablishedunderanotherprovision

19、ofFederallaw.(g) Definitions.一Inthissection:(1) Controlledbyaforeignadversary.一Thetermcontrolledbyaforeignadversary9,means,withrespecttoacoveredcompanyorotherentity,thatsuchcompanyorotherentityis一(A) aforeignpersonthatisdomiciledin,isheadquarteredin,hasitsprincipalplaceofbusinessin,orisorganizedunde

20、rthelawsofaforeignadversarycountry;(B) anentitywithrespecttowhichaforeignpersonorcombinationofforeignpersonsdescribedinsubparagraph（八）directlyorindirectlyownatleasta20percentstake;or23456789101112131415161718192021222324(C) apersonsubjecttothedirectionorcontrolofaforeignpersonorentitydescribedinsubp

21、aragraph（八）or(B).(2) Coveredcompany.一(A) Ingeneral.一Thetermcoveredcompany,meansanentitythatoperates,directlyorindirectly(includingthroughaparentcompany,subsidiary,oraffiliate),awebsite,desktopapplication,mobileapplication,oraugmentedorimmersivetechnologyapplicationthat一(i) permitsausertocreateanacco

22、untorprofiletogenerate,share,andviewtext,images,videos,real-timecommunications,orsimilarcontent;(ii) hasmorethan1,000,000monthlyactiveuserswithrespecttoatleast2ofthe3monthsprecedingthedateonwhicharelevantdeterminationofthePresidentismadepursuanttoparagraph(3)(B);(iii) enables1ormoreuserstogenerateor

23、distributecontentthatcanbeviewedbyotherusersofthewebsite,desktopapplication,mobileapplication,oraug-meritedorimmersivetechnologyapplication;and23456789101112131415161718192021222324(iv) enables1ormoreuserstoviewcontentgeneratedbyotherusersofthewebsite,desktopapplication,mobileapplication,oraugmented

24、orimmersivetechnologyapplication.(B) Exclusion.Thetermcoveredcompany,doesnotincludeanentitythatoperatesawebsite,desktopapplication,mobileapplication,oraugmentedorimmersivetechnologyapplicationwhoseprimarypurposeistoallowuserstopostproductreviews,businessreviews,ortravelinformationandreviews.(3) Fore

25、ignadversarycontrolledapplication.Thetermforeignadversarycontrolledapplication5,meansawebsite,desktopapplication,mobileapplication,oraugmentedorimmersivetechnologyapplicationthatisoperated,directlyorindirectly(includingthroughaparentcompany,subsidiary,oraffiliate),by一（八）anyof-(i) ByteDance,Ltd.;(ii)

26、 TikTok;2345678910111213141516171819202122232425(iii) asubsidiaryoforasuccessortoanentityidentifiedinclause(i)or(ii)thatiscontrolledbyaforeignadversary;or(iv) anentityownedorcontrolled,directlyorindirectly,byanentityidentifiedinclause(i),(ii),or(iii);or(B)acoveredcompanythat一(i) iscontrolledbyaforei

27、gnadversary;and(ii) thatisdeterminedbythePresidenttopresentasignificantthreattothenationalsecurityoftheUnitedStatesfollowingtheissuanceof-(I) apublicnoticeproposingsuchdetermination;and(II) apublicreporttoCongress,submittednotlessthan30daysbeforesuchdetermination,describingthespecificnationalsecurit

28、yconcerninvolvedandcontainingaclassifiedannexandadescriptionofwhatassetswouldneedtobedivestedtoexecuteaqualifieddivestiture.(4) Foreignadversarycountry.一Thetermforeignadversarycountry9,meansacountryspeci-2345678910111213141516171819202122232425fiedinsection4872(d)(2)oftitle10,UnitedStatesCode.(5) In

29、ternethostingservice.Theterminternethostingservicemeansaservicethroughwhichstorageandcomputingresourcesareprovidedtoanindividualororganizationfortheaccommodationandmaintenanceof1ormorewebsitesoronlineservices,andwhichmayincludefilehosting,domainnameserverhosting,cloudhosting,andvirtualprivateserverh

30、osting.(6) Qualifieddivestiture.一Thetermqualifieddivestiture9,meansadivestitureorsimilartransactionthat一(A) thePresidentdetermines,throughaninteragencyprocess,wouldresultintherelevantforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationnolongerbeingcontrolledbyaforeignadversary;and(B) thePresidentdetermines,through

31、aninteragencyprocess,precludestheestablishmentormaintenanceofanyoperationalrelationshipbetweentheUnitedStatesoperationsoftherelevantforeignadversarycontrolledapplicationandanyformerlyaffiliatedentitiesthatarecontrolledbyaforeignadversary,in-234567891011121314151617181920212223eludinganycooperationwi

32、threspecttotheoperationofacontentrecommendationalgorithmoranagreementwithrespecttodatasharing.(7)Sourcecode.一Thetermssourcecode”meansthecombinationoftextandothercharacterscomprisingthecontent,bothviewableandnonviewable,ofasoftwareapplication,includinganypublishinglanguage,programminglanguage,protoco

33、l,orfunctionalcontent,aswellasanysuccessorlanguagesorprotocols.(8) Unitedstates.一ThetermUnitedStates9,includestheterritoriesoftheUnitedStates.SEC.3.JUDICIALREVIEW.(a) RightofAction.ApetitionforreviewchallengingthisActoranyaction,finding,ordeterminationunderthisActmaybefiledonlyintheUnitedStatesCourt

34、ofAppealsfortheDistrictofColumbiaCircuit.(b) ExclusiveJurisdiction.TheUnitedStatesCourtofAppealsfortheDistrictofColumbiaCircuitshallhaveexclusivejurisdictionoveranychallengetothisActoranyaction,finding,ordeterminationunderthisAct.(c) StatuteofLimitations.一Achallengemayonlybebrought1 (1)inthecaseofac

35、hallengetothisAct,not2 laterthan165daysafterthedateoftheenactment3ofthisAct;and4 (2)inthecaseofachallengetoanyaction,5 finding,ordeterminationunderthisAct,notlater6 than90daysafterthedateofsuchaction,finding,7ordetermination.PassedtheHouseofRepresentativesMarch13,2024.Attest:Clerk.118thCONGRESS2dSessionH.R.7521ANACTToprotectthenationalsecurityoftheUnitedStatesfromthethreatposedbyforeignadversarycontrolledapplications,suchasTikTokandanysuccessorapplicationorserviceandanyotherapplicationorservicedevelopedorprovidedbyBytcDanceLtd.oranentityunderthecontrolofByteDanceLtd.