美国名人 糖果商人 米尔顿-赫尔希.docx

《美国名人 糖果商人 米尔顿-赫尔希.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《美国名人 糖果商人 米尔顿-赫尔希.docx（5页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。

1、美国名人糖果商人米尔顿赫尔希MiltonHersheyCreatedaSuccessfulBusinessandBuiltASweetTownplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:27repeatByNancySteinbach2006-6-17(MUSIC)VOICEONE:mBarbaraKlein.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmberwiththeV.O.A.SpecialEnglishprogramPEOPLEINAMERICA.TodaywetellaboutMiltonHershey.Hebuiltoneofthesweetesttownsinthe

2、UnitedStates.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:MiltonSnavelyHersheywasbornineighteenfifty-sevenincentralPennsylvania.HismotherwasamemberoftheMennoniteChurch.Thereligiousgroupvaluedself-denialandcommunityservice.Hisfatherworkedatmanydifferentjobs.TheHersheyfamilymovedseveraltimesduringMiltonschildhood.Hisparentsdidnot

3、haveahappymarriage.Theylivedseparatelyformuchoftheirlives.MissusHersheyfinallyrejectedherhusbandafteradaughterdiedineighteensixty-seven.VOICETWO:MiltonHersheystoppedattendingschoolwhenhewastwelveyearsold.HefirstwenttoworkasanassistantforamanwhopublishedaGermanlanguagenewspaper.Miltondidnotlikethejob

4、.Hewasdismissedafterdroppinghishatintoamachine.MiltonthengotajobwithacandyandicecreammakerinthetownofLancaster.There,helearnedhowtomixsugarandwatertomakecandyproducts.Atthetime,Americancandymakersusedchocolatemainlytocovercandies.Reportssayitwasbittertastingandnotatalllikethetasteofchocolatetoday.VO

5、ICEONE:MiltonmovedtothecityofPhiladelphiawhenhewaseighteenyearsold.Hehadalreadylearnedallhecouldaboutcandyproduction.Hismotherandherfamilyofferedtohelphimsetupacandystore.Butthebusinessfailedaftersixyears.MiltondecidedtojoinhisfatherinthewesternstateofColorado.TheyoungerHersheyfoundajobwithacandymak

6、erinDenver.There,heworkedwithakindofstickycandy:caramel.Healsolearnedtheimportanceofusingfreshmilkinmakinggoodcaramel.MiltonlaterattemptedcandybusinessesinChicagoandNewYorkCity.Butlikebefore,eachbusinessfailed.VOICETWO:MiltonreturnedtoLancaster.Mostfamilymembersconsideredhimafailure.Buthecontinuedto

7、receivehelpfromhismotherssisterandamanwhohadworkedatthePhiladelphiastore.Miltonbeganmakingcaramelshisownway-withfreshmilk.Hiscaramelsweresofterthanothersbeingsoldandlesssticky.Oneday,anEnglishimportertastedHersheyscaramelsandplacedalargeorder.SoontheLancasterCandyCompanywasasuccess.Hersheybecameoneo

8、fPennsylvaniastopbusinessmen.HewassellinghiscandiesallacrosstheUnitedStatesandEurope.VOICEONE:ThingsbeganchangingforHersheyafterhevisitedtheChicagoWorldsFairineighteenninety-three.AttheWorldsFair;hesawchocolatemakingmachinesfromGermany.Hedecidedthatchocolatewasthefutureofthecandybusiness,andboughtth

9、emachines.HehadthemmovedtoPennsylvania,andsoldtheLancasterCandyCompany.Hewasdevelopinganunusualplan-tobuildalargechocolatefactoryandatowntosupportit.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:MichaelDAntoniowroteabookaboutMiltonHershey.ItsaysHersheygottheideaforhistownfromtheCadburyfamilyinBritain.TheCadburysmadechocolates.Th

10、eyalsobuiltafactorysurroundedbyatown.ThebooksaysHersheydecidedtodothesame.Hepaidformanybuildingsinhistown.Hewantedtocreateaplacewherehisfactorysworkerscouldowntheirownhouses.Inthisway,hepreventedHershey,Pennsylvaniafrombecomingafactorytowninwhichtheworkerswereforcedtopaytheiremployersforaplacetolive

11、.Hersheystownwasmodern.Ithadnicehouses,largepublicbuildings,andanelectricrailwaysystemforeasytransportation.Nearbyfarmsprovidedthechocolatefactorywithfreshmilkforitsproducts.VOICEONE:MiltonHersheyandhiscompanyfoundawaytomakelargeamountsofmilkchocolate.Thesecretwasusingfatfreemilkwiththeseedsofcacaot

12、reesandheatingthemslowly.TheHersheyCandyCompanywasonitswaytosuccess.MostofthecompanysworkerslovedMiltonHershey.Hemadeitpossibleforthemtoearngoodwagesandlivewell.ThebookHersheysayshesometimessharedthecompanysfinancialsuccesswiththem.YetMiltonHersheywasnotalwaysfair.WriterMichaelDAntoniosaysnoteveryon

13、ewashappylivinginaplacewhereonemanandhiscompanyattemptedtocontrolsomuch.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:MiltonHersheydidnotmarryuntilhewasoverfortyyearsold.HesurprisedhisfamilywhenhemarriedCatherineSweeneyineighteenninety-eight.Somemembersofhisfamilydidnotapproveofher.ShewasaRomanCatholicfromNewYorkState.Miltoncall

14、edher,Kitty.TheHersheysfirstlivedinLancaster.Theylatermovedtoalargehousenearthefactory.Thelandaroundthehousewasknownforitsmanyflowersandplants.CatherineHersheywassickformuchofhermarriedlife.Shediedinnineteenfifteenattheageofforty-two.VOICEONE:TheHersheyswereunabletohavechildren,sotheydecidedtohelpne

15、edychildrenbycreatingaschoolforthem.MiltonHersheysaidtheschoolhadbeenhiswifesidea.Shereportedlywantedtoprovideasafeplaceforthoseinneedofagoodhomeandabetterchanceinlife.Innineteen-oh-nine,theHersheyscreatedtheHersheyIndustrialSchoolforboyswhohadlostoneorbothparents.Theyestablishedaspeciallegalagreeme

16、nt,ortrust,toprovidemoneyfortheschool.Theygavenearlytwohundredhectaresoffarmlandtothetrust.Atfirst,tenwhiteboysattendedtheschool.Butmoreandmoreboysattendedastimewenton.Theschoolprovidedtheboyswithagoodeducationandfarmingskills.VOICETWO:Afterhiswifedied,HersheygaveHersheyChocolateCompanystockshareswi

17、thavalueofsixtymilliondollarstothetrust.Thismoneymadeitpossiblefortheschooltoexpand.AfterHersheydied,thenameoftheschoolwaschangedtotheMiltonHersheySchool.Later,theschoolopeneditsdoorstoboysandgirlsofallracesandreligions.Today,theMiltonHersheySchoolhasmorethanonehundredstudenthomes.Eachhasthelatestte

18、chnologicalequipment,includingcomputers.Amanandhiswifeliveineachhouse.Theyserveasparentstoeighttotenstudents.Intwothousand-six,theMiltonHersheySchooleducatedaboutonethousandthreehundredstudents.And,thegiftfirstmadebyMiltonHersheyhasgrowntomorethanfivethousandmilliondollars.VOICEONE:ManyAmericansexpe

19、riencedeconomichardshipduringtheGreatDepressionofthenineteenthirties.ButMiltonHersheyputmanypeopletoworkinthetownbybuildingalargehotelandasportscenter.Healsocreatedanot-for-profitorganizationtoprovideeducationandculturetothelocaltownspeople.ThisorganizationcontinuestosupporttheHersheyTheaterandother

20、culturalcentersinthearea.Intheearlynineteensixties,theMiltonHersheySchoolTrustgavemoneyandlandtothePennsylvaniaStateUniversityforamedicalcenter.ThePennStateMiltonS.HersheyMedicalCenteropenedinnineteensixty-seven.Today,ithasfivethousandemployees.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:MiltonHersheydiedinnineteenforty-five.H

21、eleftbehindthecompany,thetown,theschoolandthetrustthatsupportsit.Atthetimeofhisdeath,thecompanyhebuiltissaidtohaveproducedaboutninetypercentofallthemilkchocolatemadeintheUnitedStates.Intwothousandtwo,officialsoftheMiltonHersheySchoolTrustannouncedplanstosellthecompany.Theysaidtheywantedtohelpprotect

22、thefinancesoftheschool.TownspeopleandothersinPennsylvaniademonstratedagainstthesale.TheysaiditwoulddestroythetownHersheyhadworkedsohardtocreate.FormerstudentsattheMiltonHersheySchoolalsoworkedagainstthesale.Intheend,thesalewasnotcompleted.VOICEONE:Today,HershePennsylvaniaisunlikeanyothertownintheUni

23、tedStates.ThestreetlightsareshapedlikethecandycalledHersheysKisses.Theairthereoftensmellslikechocolate.Millionsofpeoplecomeeveryyeartostopatavisitorscenternearthefactory,stayattheHersheyHotel,andenjoytheHersheyAmusementPark.MiltonHersheywasnotaperfectman.ButhemayalwaysseemthatwaytothousandsofpeopleinPennsylvania.Theysaytheyliveinthesweetesttowninthecountry.VOICETWO:ThisSpecialEnglishprogramwaswrittenbyNancySteinbach.LawanDaviswasourproducer.ImSteveEmber.VOICEONE:AndmBarbaraKleininvitingyoutojoinusnextweekatthistimeforanotherPEOPLEINAMERICAprogramontheVoiceofAmerica.