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1、CambridgePracticeTestsforIELTS1VanessaJakemanClareMCDOWeIl!CambridgeUNIVERSITYPRESSPUBLISHEDBYTHFPRESSSYNDICATEOFTHEUNIVERSITYOFCAMBRIDGEThePittBuildingTrumpingtonStreetCambridgeCB2IRPUnitedKingdomCAMBRIDGEUNIVERSITYPRESSTheEdinburghBuilding,CambridgeCB22RU,UnitedKingdom40West20thStreet,NewYork,NY10

2、011-4211,USA10StamfordRoad,Oakleigh,Melbourne3166,AustraliaCambridgeUniversityPress1996Thisbookisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexceptionandtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements,noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewrittenpermissionofCambridgeUniversityPress.Firstpublished199

3、6Thirdprinting1997PrintedintheUnitedKingdomattheUniversityPress,CambridgeISBN0521497671Self-StudyStudentsBookISBN0521497663Setof2cassettesCopyrightThelawallowsareadertomakeasinglecopyofpartofabookforpurposesofprivatestudy.Itdoesnotallowthecopyingofentirebooksorthemakingofmultiplecopiesofextracts.Wri

4、ttenpermissionforanysuchcopyingmustalwaysbeobtainedfromthepublisherinadvance.ContentsAcknowledgementsivIntroduction1PracticeTest112PracticeTest234PracticeTest354PracticeTest475GeneralTrainingReadingandWritingModules94Tapescripts107Answerkeys130Sampleanswersheets153MlAcknowledgemeritsWewouldliketotha

5、nkthestaffandstudentsofthefollowinginstitutionsfortheirassistanceintriallingthesematerials:WollongongEnglishLanguageCentre;AustralianCollegeofEnglish,Sydney;HongKongPolytechnic;WaratahEducationCentre,Sydney;InternationalHouse,Queensland;MiltonEnglishLanguageCentre,Sydney;OxfordAcademyofEnglish.Inadd

6、ition,anumberofournon-EnglishspeakingfriendswerekindenoughtotrialthematerialsintheirearlyformatsTheauthorsandpublishersaregratefultothefollowingforpermissiontoreproducecopyrightmaterial.Focusmagazinefortheextractonpp.20-21fromJspark,aflint:howfireIepttolife;83CWILDLIFEMagazinefortheextractonpp.24-5f

7、romShOWbOatasArk;TheGuardianfortheextractonpp.28-9fromArchitectureReachingfortheSkybyRuthColemanandforthegraphsonpp.31and72;GeoffMaslenfortheextractonpp.40-41fromTheRightsoftheLeft,publishedbyGoodWeekendmagazine;NationalGeographicmagazinefortheextractandmaponpp.44-5fromAmerica,sBeekeepers:HivesfarHi

8、rebyAlanMairson,NationalGeographic,May1993,andfortheextractonpp.80-81fromGlass:CapturingtheDanceOfLighibyWilliamSEllis,NationalGeographic,December1993;theextractonpp.48-9isreprintedfromTheTouristGaze,JohnUrry1990,bypermissionofSagePublicationsLtd;TheEuropeanfortheextractonpp.60-61fromSpokenCorpusCon

9、iestoLife,fortheextractonpp.64-5fromHobbitshappyashomesgounderground,andfortheextractonpp.84-5fromWhysomewomencrossthefinishlineaheadofmenbyAndrewCrisp;TheRoyalZoologicalSocietyofNewSouthWalesfortheextractonpp.87-8fromanarticlebyHughPossmghaminConservationofAustraliasForestFauna;MoulmexZSwanfortheex

10、tractandillustrationsonpp.94-5fromInstmctionsforaMoMmexIron;CambridgeCoachServicesfortheextractonp.96;InternationalStudentsHousefortheextractsonp.99andp.101fromtheInternationalStudents,A-Z:AguidetostudyingandlivinginLondon;GoreandOsmentPublicationsforthediagramonp51andtheextractonpp.102-3fromTheScie

11、nceandTechnologyProjectBook;BBCGoodFoodMagazinefortheextractfromSpaceInvaders,BBCGoodFoodMagazine,January1995,onwhichPracticeTest3,Listening,Section4isbased;UniversityOfWestminsterfortheextractfromGettingitright:EssentialinformationforinternationalstudentsonwhichPracticeTest4,Listening,Section2isbas

12、ed:theIELTSReadingandListeninganswersheetsarereproducedbypermissionoftheUniversityofCambridgeLocalExaminationsSyndicate.Photographsp.20TheSciencePhotoLibraryZAdamHartDavis;p.80(top)ImageBank;p.80(bottom)DamienLovegrove.Theillustrationonp.84isreproducedbypcnissionofMmCooper7%eEuropean.Thedrawingsarcb

13、yJulianPage.MapsanddiagramsbyHardLines.BookdesignbyPeterDuckerMSTDThecassetterecordingwasproducedbyJamesRichardsonatStudioAVP,LondonIntroductionTOTHESTUDENTAboutthebookThisbookhasbeenwrittenforcandidatespreparingfortherevisedversionoftheInternationalEnglishLanguageTestingSystem,knownasIELTS.Thisisat

14、estdesignedtoassesstheEnglishlanguageskillsofnon-EnglishspeakingstudentsseekingtostudyinanEnglishspeakingcountry.AimsofthebooktoprepareyouforthetestbyfamiliarisingyouwiththetypesoftextsandtasksthatyouwillmeetintheIELTStest,andthelevelandstyleoflanguageusedinthetest.tohelpyouprepareforyourstudiesatun

15、iversityorcollegebyintroducingyoutothetypesofcommunicationtaskswhichyouarelikelytomeetinEnglishspeakingstudyenvironment.ContentofthebookThebookcontainsfourcompletesampleIELTStests,eachcomprisingListeningandSpeakingmodulesandAcademicReadingandWritingmodules.InadditionthereisonesetoftheGeneralTraining

16、ReadingandWritingmodules.(NBallcandidatesdothesameListeningandSpeakingmodules.)Toaccompanytheteststhereisananswerkeyatthebackofthebookandyoushouldrefertothisafteryouhaveattemptedeachofthepracticetests.Alsoincludedisanannotatedcopyofthelisteningtapescriptswiththeappropriatesectionshighlightedtohelpyo

17、utocheckyouranswers.Inaddition,youwillfindonemodelanswerforeachtypeofwritingtasktoguideyouwithyourwriting.ThereisacomprehensivekeyfortheReadingandListeningsections,butifyouareinanydoubtaboutyouranswers,talktoateacheroranEnglishspeakingfriend.Whereyouarerequiredtoanswerinyourownwords,theanswermustbea

18、ccurateinbothmeaningaswellasgrammarinordertobescoredcorrect.BenefitsofstudyingforIELTSBystudyingforIELTSyouwillnotonlybepreparingforthetestbutalsoforyourfutureasastudentinanEnglishspeakingenvironment.Thetestisdesignedtoassessyourabilitytounderstandandproducewrittenandspokenlanguageinaneducationalcon

19、text.ThebookmakesreferencetothewaysinwhichuniversitystudyisorganisedinmanyEnglishspeakingcountriesandthetypesofacademictasksyouwillbeexpectedtoperform.Theseinclude:ReadingandunderstandingwrittenacademicortraininglanguageWritingassignmentsinanappropriatestyleforuniversitystudyorwithinatrainingcontext

20、ListeningtoandcomprehendingspokenlanguageinbothlectureformataswellasformalandinformalconversationalstyleSpeakingtocolleaguesandlecturersongeneralandgiventopicsinformalandinformalsituationsDescriptionofthetestTherearetwoversionsoftheIELTStest:AcademicModuleforstudentsseekingentrytoauniversityorinstit

21、utionofhighereducationofferingdegreeanddiplomacoursesGeneralTrainingModuleforstudentsseekingentrytoasecondaryschoolortovocationaltrainingcoursesNote:AllcandidatesmusttakeQtestforeachojthefourskills:listening,reading,writingandspeaking.AllcandidatestakethesameListeningandSpeakingmoduleshutmaychoosebe

22、tweentheAcademicorGeneralTrainingversionsoftheReadingandWritingsectionsofthetest.YoushouldseekadvicefromateacherorstudentadviserifyouareinanydoubtaboutwhethertositfartheAcademicmodulesortheGeneralTrainingmodules.The力Odonotcarrythesameweightandarenotinterchangeable.Testformat1.istening4sections,aroun

23、d40questions30minutes+transfertimeAcademicReading3sections,around40questions60minutesORGeneralTrainingReading3sections,around40questions60minutesAcademicWriting2tasks60minutesORGeneralTrainingWriting2tasks60minutesSpeaking10to15minutesTotaltesttime2hours45minutesWHATDOESTHETESTCONSISTOF?TheListening

24、ModuleRequirementsYoumustlistentofourseparatesectionsandanswerquestionsasyoulisten.Youwillhearthetapeonceonly.Therewillbebetween38and42questions.Thetestwilltakeabout30minutes.Therewillbetimetoreadthequestionsduringthetestandtimetotransferyouranswersontotheanswersheetattheendofthetest.Thelevelofdiffi

25、cultyofthetextsandtasksincreasesthroughthepaper.SituationtypesThefirsttwosectionsarebasedonsocialsituations.Therewillbeaconversationbetweentwospeakersandthenamonologue.Thesecondtwosectionsarerelatedtoaneducationalortrainingcontext.Therewillbeaconversationwithuptofourspeakersandalectureortalkofgenera

26、lacademicinterest.QuestiontypesYouwillmeetavarietyofquestiontypeswhichmayinclude:multiplechoiceshortanswerquestionssentencecompletionnotes/summary/flowchart/tablecompletionlabellingadiagramwhichhasnumberedpartsmatchingAcademicReadingModuleRequirementsYoumustreadthreereadingpassageswithatotalof1500to

27、2500words.Therewillbebetween38and42questions.Youwillhave60minutestoanswerallthequestions.Thelevelofdifficultyofthetextsandtasksincreasesthroughthepaper.TypesofmaterialMagazines,journals,textbooksandnewspapers.Topicsarenotdisciplinespecificbutallareinastyleappropriateandaccessibletocandidatesentering

28、postgraduateandundergraduatecourses.QuestiontypesYouwillmeetavarietyofquestiontypeswhichmayinclude:multiplechoiceshortanswerquestionssentencecompletionnotes/summary/flowchart/tablecompletionchoosingfromabankofheadingsidentificationofwritersviewsorattitudes(Yes/No/Notgiven)classificationmatchinglists

29、matchingphrasesRequirementsTasktypesTaskIYoumustcompletetwowritingtasks.Youwillhave60minutestocompletebothtasks.Youwillhavetolookatadiagram,atableorshortpieceoftextandthenpresenttheinfbationinyourownwords.Youshouldspendabout20minutesonTask1andwriteatleast150words.Yourwritingwillbeassessedonyourabili

30、tyto:organise,presentandcomparedatadescribethestagesofaprocessdescribeanobjectoreventexplainhowsomethingworks4cademicWritingMocYouwillalsobejudgedonyourabilityto:unswerthequestionwithoutstrayingfromthetopicwriteinawaywhichallowsyourreadertofollowyourideasuseEnglishgrammarandsyntaxaccuratelyuseapprop

31、riateIangUageintermsOfregister,styleandcontentYoushouldspendabout40minutesonTask2andwriteatleast250words.Task2Youwillhavetopresentanargumentordiscussaproblem.Yourwritingwillbeassessedonyourabilityto:presentthesolutiontoaproblempresentandjustifyanopinioncompareandcontrastevidenceandopinionsevaluatean

32、dchallengeideas,evidenceoranargumentYouwillalsobejudgedonyourabilityto:communicateanideatothereaderinanappropriatestyleaddresstheproblemwithoutstrayingfromthetopicuseEnglishgrammarandsyntaxaccuratelyuseappropriatelanguageintermsofregister,styleandcontentGeneralTrainingReadingModuleRequirementsYoumus

33、tanswerquestionsonthreesectionsofincreasingdifficultywithatotalof1,500to2,500words.Therewillbebetween38and42questions.Youwillhave60minutestoanswerallthequestions.Thelevelofdifficultyofthetextsandtasksincreasesthroughthepaper.TypesofmaterialNotices,advertisements,booklets,newspapers,leaflets,timetabl

34、es,booksandmagazinearticles.Section/SocialsurvivalretrievingfactualinformationSection2TrainingsurvivallanguageinatrainingcontextSection3GeneralreadingextendedprosewithemphasisondescriptiveandinstructivetextsofgeneralinterestQuestiontypesYouwillmeetavarietyofquestiontypes,whichmayinclude:multiplechoi

35、ceshortanswerquestionssentencecompletionnotes/summary/flowchart/tablecompletionchoosingfromabankofheadingsidentificationofwriter,sviewsorattitudes(YesNoNotgiven)classificationmatchinglistsmatchingphrasesGeneralTrainingWritingModuleRequirementsTasktypesTasklYoumustcompletetwowritingtasks.Youwillhave6

36、0minutestocompletebothtasks.Youshouldspendabout20minutesonTask1andwriteatleast150words.Youwillhavetowriteashortletterinresponsetoagivenproblemorsituation.Yourwritingwillbeassessedonyourabilityto:engageinpersonalcorrespondenceelicitandprovidegeneralfactualinfbationexpressneeds,wants,likesanddislikese

37、xpressopinionsYouwillalsobejudgedonyourabilityto:answerthequestionwithoutstrayingfromthetopicwriteinawaywhichallowsyourreadertofollowyourideasuseEnglishgrammarandsyntaxaccuratelyuseappropriatelanguageintermsofregister,styleandcontentTask2Youshouldspendabout40minutesonTask2andwriteatleast250words.You

38、willhavetopresentanargumentordiscussaproblem.Yourwritingwillbeassessedonyourabilityto:providegeneralfactualinfbnationoutlineaproblemandpresentasolutionpresentandjustifyanopinionYouwillalsobejudgedonyourabilityto:communicateanideatothereaderinanappropriatestyleaddresstheproblemwithoutstrayingfromthet

39、opicuseEnglishgrammarandsyntaxaccuratelyuseappropriatelanguageintermsofregister,styleandcontentTheSpeakingModuleRequirementsYouwillhavetotalktoanexaminerforabout15minutes.Theinterviewwillberecorded.Itisin5parts:1IntroductionBasicintroductions2ExtendeddiscourseYouwilltalkatsomelengthaboutgeneraltopic

40、sofrelevanceorinterestwhichwillinvolveexplanationanddescription.3ElicitationYouwillbegivenacuecardwhichdescribesasituationorproblem.Youmustasktheexaminerquestionstoobtaininfbnation.4SpeculationandattitudesYouwillbeaskedtotalkaboutyourplansorproposedcourseofstudy.Youshoulddemonstrateyourabilitytospec

41、ulateordefendapointofview.5ConclusionTheinterviewcomestoanend.AssessmentcriteriaYouwillbeassessedonthefollowingcriteria:abilitytocommunicateeffectivelyabilitytouseappropriatevocabularyandstructuresabilitytoaskquestionsabilitytotakeinitiativeinaconversationgeneralfluencystructuralaccuracyintelligibil

42、ityHowisIELTSscored?IELTSprovidesaprofileofyourabilitytouseEnglish.InotherwordsyourIELTSresultwillconsistofascoreineachofthefourskills(listening,reading,writing,speaking)whichisthenaveragedtogivetheOverallBandScoreorfinalmark.Performanceisratedineachskillonascaleof9to1.ThenineoverallBandsandtheirdes

43、criptivestatementsareasfollows:9ExpertuserHasfullyoperationalcommandofthelanguage:appropriate,accurateandfluentwithcompleteunderstanding.8VeryrgooduserHasftllyoperationalcommandofthelanguagewithonlyoccasionalunsystematicinaccuraciesandinappropriacies.Misunderstandingsmayoccurinunfamiliarsituations.H

44、andlescomplexdetailedargumentationwell.7GooduserHasoperationalcommandofthelanguage,thoughwithoccasionalinaccuracies,inappropriaciesandmisunderstandingsinsomesituations.Generallyhandlescomplexlanguagewellandunderstandsdetailedreasoning.6CompetentuserHasgenerallyeffectivecommandofthelanguagedespiteina

45、ccuracies,inappropriaciesandmisunderstandings.Canuseandunderstandfairlycomplexlanguage,particularlyinfamiliarsituations.5ModestuserHaspartialcommandofthelanguage,copingwithoverallmeaninginmostsituations,thoughislikelytomakemanymistakes.Shouldbeabletohandlebasiccommunicationinownfield.4LimiteduserBas

46、iccompetenceislimitedtofamiliarsituations.Hasfrequentproblemsinunderstandingandexpression.Isnotabletousecomplexlanguage.3ExtremelylimiteduserConveysandunderstandsonlygeneralmeaninginveryfamiliarsituations.Frequentbreakdownsincommunicationoccur.2IntermittentuserNorealcommunicationispossibleexceptfort

47、hemostbasicinformationusingisolatedwordsorshortformulaeinfamiliarsituationsandtomeetimmediateneeds.HasgreatdifficultyunderstandingspokenandwrittenEnglish.1NonuserEssentiallyhasnoabilitytousethelanguagebeyondpossiblyafewisolatedwords.0DidnotattemptthetestNoassessableinformationprovided.Whatisthepassm

48、ark?ThereisnofixedpassmarkinIELTS.Theinstitutionyouwanttoenterwilldecidewhetheryourscoreisappropriateforthedemandsofthecourseofstudyortrainingyouwanttoundertake.However,asageneralrule,scoresbelowBand5inanyoneskillareconsideredtoolowforacademicstudy;scoresaboveBand6aredeemedtobeadequatetogood.OverallBands