视野大学英语新版第二册.ppt

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1、,The Standard for Olympic Excellence,Like the other skills for your use,the skill introduced in this unit does render you better able in reading.,This practice is designed to help you get a deeper insight into the skill for this unit.,Reading Skills,随 笔,阅读实践,Finding Out Word Meanings,Many times we c

2、an figure out the meaning of an unfamiliar word from clues provided by context and our common sense as well.The context clues that might be helpful for you to recognize the meaning of a new word include:definition,examples,synonyms,antonyms,word stems,affixes,and etc.,1.Some sentences give the defin

3、ition for a difficult word with the help of punctuation such as commas,dashes or parentheses.2.Context sometimes gives examples to illustrate a difficult word rather than define it.We can use the examples to figure out the meaning of an unfamiliar word.,Finding Out Word Meanings,随 笔,阅读实践,3.Synonyms(

4、同义词)are words or phrases that are similar in meaning.A synonym is one type of context clue that helps you determine the meanings of unfamiliar words.4.Antonym(反义词)clues.Antonyms are words or phrases that have opposite meanings to other words or phrases.Antonym clues can help you understand new words

5、.,Finding Out Word Meanings,随 笔,阅读实践,5.Sentences before or after a sentence that has a difficult word sometimes explain the meaning of the word.6.Sometimes we can use our own experiences,or our knowledge about a certain topic,to find out the meaning of an unfamiliar word.7.Word part clues.We can oft

6、en figure out an unfamiliar word because we know the prefix or suffix attached to the root word,or the two words that make up a compound word.,Finding Out Word Meanings,随 笔,阅读实践,Context clue:We can often figure out an unfamiliar word because we know the prefix or suffix attached to the root word.,Ex

7、ample:Missing the Olympic Team the previous year had made me pause and reflect on what I had gainednot the least of which was a quiet,indissoluble bond with a short man in a tropical shirt.(Para.18,Passage A).,随 笔,阅读实践,How to find out the meaning of the word“indissoluble”?,随 笔,阅读实践,Explanation:We ca

8、n find out the meaning of the new word indissoluble,because we know that this adjective is formed by adding the suffix“ble”and prefix“in”to the verb“dissolve”.,Context clue:Sentences before or after a sentence containing a difficult word sometimes explain the meaning of the word.,Example:The nations

9、 of Eastern Europe.are considered the most polluted of all the worlds industrialized countries.Heavy metals from coal mining have contaminated much of the areas waters.Rivers,land,and forests are so contaminated that many are now biologically dead.,随 笔,阅读实践,Explanation:The sentences before and after

10、 the sentence which contains contaminated both help us to find out the meaning of the word,that is,“polluted”or“made dirty”.,随 笔,阅读实践,How to find out the meaning of the word“contaminate”?,Context clue:Sentences before or after a sentence containing a difficult word sometimes explain the meaning of t

11、he word.,Example:Ghanas population has been growing by 3.2 percent a year.This explosive growth has led to removal of forests in much of the country,and excessive use of existing farmland.,随 笔,阅读实践,Explanation:The first sentence says:Ghanas population has been growing by 3.2 percent a year.This clea

12、rly explains that“this explosive growth”in the second sentence means“rapid growth”.,随 笔,阅读实践,How to find out the meaning of the expression“this explosive growth”?,Context clue:Sometimes we can use our own experiences,or our own knowledge about a certain topic,to find out the meaning of an unfamiliar

13、 word.,Example:Indonesians have traditionally favored large families,and their major religion,Islam,frowns on birth control.,随 笔,阅读实践,Explanation:According to our knowledge about Islam(and what is said in the first part of the sentence),we know that frown on most probably means“does not approve of”.

14、,随 笔,阅读实践,How to find out the meaning of the phrase“frown on”?,Context clue:We can often figure out an unfamiliar word because we know the prefix or suffix attached to the root word.,Example:Observers say the program has succeeded in strengthening the countrys agricultural base and bringing a new so

15、urce of wealth to villagers.,随 笔,阅读实践,Explanation:This noun is formed by adding the suffix-er to the already familiar verb observe,so we can find out the meaning of the word:“someone who observes”.,随 笔,阅读实践,How to find out the meaning of the expression“observer”?,随 笔,阅读技巧,Directions:Figure out the m

16、eaning of the underlined words and expressions by using the reading skill.Choose the answer that is the closest in meaning.,1.The Olympics remains the most pure example of competition for the sake of competition itself.Athletes sacrifice their careers and bodies risking injury,defeat and complete fa

17、ilure to compete for nothing more than honor for their country and themselves.Administrators B.People earning money C.Businessmen D.Sportsmen,随 笔,阅读技巧,2.Lewis won nine gold medals in four different events and held world records in the 100-meter dash and the long jump.A.a short race B.a distance C.a

18、long call D.a length,随 笔,阅读技巧,3.His years of practice and the quiet self-confidence set the stage for a phenomenal Olympic track and field career.A.unusual B.interesting C.devoted D.temporary,随 笔,阅读技巧,4.Johnson was stripped of his gold medal and sent packing by the International Olympic Committee wh

19、en his post-race drug test indicated steroid use.A.before the raceB.during the race C.after the race D.in the race,随 笔,阅读技巧,5.Lewis firmly denied the charges and countered by proving before a judge that the magazine that had published the stories did so without foundation to their claims.A.agreed wi

20、th B.refused to accept C.condemned D.differed from,随 笔,阅读技巧,New Words,1,Questions Previewing,2,Passage Reading,3,Choice Making,4,Text B,随 笔,阅读理解,问题预览,课文阅读,New Words,New Words,随 笔,阅读理解,问题预览,课文阅读,New Words,随 笔,阅读理解,问题预览,课文阅读,New Words,随 笔,阅读理解,问题预览,课文阅读,New Words,随 笔,阅读理解,问题预览,课文阅读,New Words,随 笔,阅读理解,

21、问题预览,课文阅读,New Words,随 笔,阅读理解,问题预览,课文阅读,随 笔,阅读理解,生词学习,课文阅读,Questions Previewing,Directions:For you to be better conditioned for reading as fast as 100 words per minute,as required in the new type of examination“Fast Reading”,Text B can serve to be your fast-reading material.But,for this purpose,the b

22、est course of action is to know what to scan for in your skimming.Thus,the trick is to keep in your mind the key words of each question before you start off.That is where the“Question Previewing”comes in.,Questions Previewing,Q:1.According to the writer,what are the athletes mainly competing for at

23、the Olympics?Q:2.According to the text,why are some Olympic athletes using drugs?Q:3.What does the writer think of those athletes exploiting drugs?Q:4.Why is it said that we can see the Olympic spirit in Carl Lewis?,随 笔,阅读理解,生词学习,课文阅读,Questions Previewing,Q:5.The sentence“Lewis defied not only the s

24、topwatch but also the march of time”(Para.2)means that _.Q:6.Which of the following sentences is true concerning young Carl Lewis?Q:7.What was the style of Carl Lewis in running?Q:8.What can we learn from the first sentence of Paragraph 5?,随 笔,阅读理解,生词学习,课文阅读,随 笔,阅读理解,问题预览,The Standard for Olympic Ex

25、cellence,Para.1a The Olympics remains the most pure example of competition for the sake of competition itself.Athletes sacrifice their careers and bodies risking injury,defeat and complete failure to compete for nothing more than honor for their country and themselves.To achieve such honor,one must

26、both perform at his or her events highest level and act as a role model on the worlds biggest stage.,Chinese,Question 1,生词学习,Para.1b And so,while it must be admitted that performance-enhancing drugs are exploited to offer advantage to some Olympic athletes,those who do so never receive the only true

27、 reward the Olympics has to offer:honor.And,they never experience the glory of winning through the virtues of hard work and determination.,Chinese,Question 2,Question 3,随 笔,阅读理解,问题预览,生词学习,Para.2a The greatest track and field Olympian of all time,Carl Lewis,exemplified the Olympic spirit.He did so,no

28、t simply through his gold medal performancesLewis won nine gold medals in four different events and held world records in the 100-meter dash and the long jumpbut also through his competitive nature and his ability to win and compete in every Olympics from 1984 to 1996;,Chinese,Question 4,随 笔,阅读理解,问题

29、预览,生词学习,Para.2b he would have also competed in 1980 if the United States had not refused to take part.With speed,consistency,integrity and above all desire,Lewis defied not only the stopwatch but also the march of time.He demanded nothing less than the best from himself and achieved the best,not wit

30、h drugs,but with unmatched discipline and commitment to training.,Chinese,Question 4,Question 5,随 笔,阅读理解,问题预览,生词学习,Para.3a Surprisingly,young Carl Lewis was encouraged to pursue music lessons rather than track by his parents.But,he would not hear of it,and stuck a strip of tape on the ground to mark

31、 the distance for the world record and began to jump toward it with singular determination.,Chinese,随 笔,阅读理解,问题预览,生词学习,Para.3b His father commented,“Some kids want to be a fireman one day,a movie star the next.Carl set his mind on track and that was it.He said he wanted to be the best,period.”His ye

32、ars of practice and the quiet self-confidence set the stage for a phenomenal Olympic track and field career.,Chinese,Question 6,随 笔,阅读理解,问题预览,生词学习,Para.4a In 1985,however,aCloud appeared on CarlLewis horizons:Canadiansprinter Ben Johnson,who began to beat Lewis consistently in the 100-meter dash.Lew

33、is arrived at the 1988 Olympic Games in Seoul confident,but even observers who knew very little about the race expected Johnson would win.,Chinese,随 笔,阅读理解,问题预览,生词学习,Para.4b The world watched and waited anxiously to find out who was“the fastest man on Earth”.All of the cameras focused on Lewis and J

34、ohnson as the runners took their marks in the final heat.The crack of the starters pistol sounded and the racers burst from the line.The crowd was used to Lewis trailing for the first half of the racehe just had a different style and then finishing strong with his long stride to win.,Chinese,Questio

35、n 7,随 笔,阅读理解,问题预览,生词学习,Para.4c So,they held their breath as they watched Johnson build an early lead with his explosive start wondering if Lewis strong finish would be enough to overcome him.As the runners approached the finish line,Lewis was gaining fast,but alas,his personal best time of 9.92 seco

36、nds was not enough to beat Johnson who ran a world record time of 9.79 seconds.Johnson was called“the fastest human being ever”,and Lewis,it appeared,would be competing for second place in future races.,Chinese,随 笔,阅读理解,问题预览,生词学习,Para.4d Two days later,however,Johnson was stripped of his gold medal

37、and sent packing by the International Olympic Committee when his post-race drug test indicated steroid use.The gold medal was given to Lewis instead,yet many did not see his conquest as a real victory,and he became swept up in the apparent blanket condemnation of the sport.,Chinese,随 笔,阅读理解,问题预览,生词学

38、习,Para.4e Worse,a former opponent charged Lewis with steroid use.Lewis firmly denied the charges and countered by proving before a judge that the magazine that had published the stories did so without foundation to their claims.He also participated in drug test after drug test to prove he was clean.

39、An opponent of steroid use,Lewis was never linked to drug use by anything but rumor.,Chinese,随 笔,阅读理解,问题预览,生词学习,Para.5 It would take the formula of Lewis further commitment to the sport and his love for competition to lift some of the suspicion from track events and stop the erosion of support that

40、the Olympics began to suffer after Seoul.With his continued hard work and honest participation in sprinting and the long jump,he proved to the world that the Olympics spirit was not dead.And in 1992,Lewis competed in his third Olympics winning two more gold medals in the long jump and 4100 meter rel

41、ay with a reception from the public that was fit for a king.,Chinese,Question 8,随 笔,阅读理解,问题预览,生词学习,Para.6 The amazing Carl Lewis had demonstrated that he was unlike any athlete who had ever lived,not by simply winning,but by winning honestly,loving to compete and working the hardest for the longest

42、time.His love for the games truly set a new standard for Olympic excellence.,Chinese,随 笔,阅读理解,问题预览,生词学习,随 笔,课文阅读,问题预览,Choice Making,1.According to the writer,what are the athletes mainly competing for at the Olympics?A.For a large amount of money.B.For gold medals.C.For themselves.D.For honor for th

43、emselves and their nations.,Refer to Para.1,生词学习,Choice Making,2.According to the text,why are some Olympic athletes using drugs?A.Because they want to ease their anxiety and stress from the competition.B.Because they wish to perform at a higher level.C.Because they are encouraged to do so.D.Because

44、 they are convinced the use of drugs keeps them healthy.,Refer to Para.1,随 笔,课文阅读,问题预览,生词学习,Choice Making,3.What does the writer think of those athletes exploiting drugs?A.The athletes have the right to choose whether to use drugs or not.B.They are worth admiring as long as they can win.C.They are n

45、ot worthy of the honor,even if they win.D.It is unwise of them to use drugs,because it is not good for their health.,Refer to Para.1,随 笔,课文阅读,问题预览,生词学习,Choice Making,4.Why is it said that we can see the Olympic spirit in Carl Lewis?A.Because he won nine gold medals at the Olympics.B.Because he had a

46、 passion for competition.C.Because he was able to continue competing for a long period.D.All of the above.,Refer to Para.2,随 笔,课文阅读,问题预览,生词学习,Choice Making,5.The sentence“Lewis defied not only the stopwatch but also the march of time”(Para.2)means that _.A.Lewis ran extremely fast B.the stopwatch st

47、opped working when Lewis began to run C.Lewis ran so fast that even the stopwatch couldnt measure his speed D.Lewis thought the stopwatch didnt work well,Refer to Para.2,随 笔,课文阅读,问题预览,生词学习,Choice Making,6.Which of the following sentences is true concerning young Carl Lewis?A.Young Carl Lewis had a s

48、trong ability for music.B.His parents encouraged him to run track instead of playing music.C.Young Carl Lewis set his mind on track and never changed his idea.D.Just like other boys,young Carl Lewis had many ideas about his future.,Refer to Para.3,随 笔,课文阅读,问题预览,生词学习,Choice Making,7.What was the styl

49、e of Carl Lewis in running?A.He trailed behind for the first half of the race,then he sped up and won.B.He built an early lead with his explosive start,then he kept the lead.C.He built an early lead with his explosive start,then he slowed down until it was time for a strong finish.D.He ran at a stea

50、dy speed all the time.,Refer to Para.4,随 笔,课文阅读,问题预览,生词学习,Choice Making,8.What can we learn from the first sentence of Paragraph 5?A.People never refuse to give their support for the Olympic games.B.People are suspicious about the honesty of some Olympic athletes after the Seoul Olympic games.C.It s