法拉第定律与安培回路定律.ppt

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1、 Faradays Law and Amperes Circuital Law(法拉第定律與安培迴路定律)Gauss Laws and the Continuity equation(高斯定律與電流連續方程)Curl and Divergence(旋度與散度)Uniform Plane Waves in Time Domain in Free Space(自由空間時域平面波)Sinusoidally Time-Varying Uniform Plane Waves in Free Space(自由空間正弦時變平面波)Polarization of Sinusoidally Time-Varyi

2、ng Vector Fields(正弦時變向量場的偏振)Power Flow and Energy Storage(功率流與能量貯藏),Ch3.Maxwells Equations in Differential Form,Faradays Law and Amperes Circuital Law(法拉第定律與安培迴路定律)Gauss Laws and the Continuity equation(高斯定律與電流連續方程)Curl and Divergence(旋度與散度)Uniform Plane Waves in Time Domain in Free Space(自由空間時域平面波)

3、Sinusoidally Time-Varying Uniform Plane Waves in Free Space(自由空間正弦時變平面波)Polarization of Sinusoidally Time-Varying Vector Fields(正弦時變向量場的偏振)Power Flow and Energy Storage(功率流與能量貯藏),Ch3.Maxwells Equation in Differential Form,Faradays Law and Amperes Circuital Law(法拉第定律與安培迴路定律),法拉第定律,安培定律,法拉第定律,安培定律,相當於

4、,(積分形式),(微分形式),相當於,或,在 z-x 平面上,當x,z 0時,(方向),相當於,在 x-y-z 空間中,當x,y,z 0時,或,即,各座標系中的Curl計算,直角座標,圓柱座標,球座標,符號定義:,1,1,1,1,r,1,1,r,rsin,各座標系中的Curl計算,直角座標,圓柱座標,球座標,Faradays Law and Amperes Circuital Law(法拉第定律與安培迴路定律)Gauss Laws and the Continuity equation(高斯定律與電流連續方程)Curl and Divergence(旋度與散度)Uniform Plane Wa

5、ves in Time Domain in Free Space(自由空間時域平面波)Sinusoidally Time-Varying Uniform Plane Waves in Free Space(自由空間正弦時變平面波)Polarization of Sinusoidally Time-Varying Vector Fields(正弦時變向量場的偏振)Power Flow and Energy Storage(功率流與能量貯藏),Ch3.Maxwells Equation in Differential Form,Gauss Laws and the Continuity equat

6、ion(高斯定律與電流連續方程),電場高斯定律,磁場高斯定律,相當於,(積分形式),(微分形式),電場高斯定律,磁場高斯定律,電荷守恆,電荷守恆,電場高斯定律,當x,y,z0時,且,磁場高斯定律,當x,y,z0時,空間中,或材料內,任意點之 的散度=0,電荷守恆,當x,y,z0時,且,各座標系中的Divergence的計算,直角座標,圓柱座標,球座標,符號定義:,1,1,1,1,r,1,1,r,rsin,各座標系中的Divergence的計算,直角座標,圓柱座標,球座標,Faradays Law and Amperes Circuital Law(法拉第定律與安培迴路定律)Gauss Laws

7、 and the Continuity equation(高斯定律與電流連續方程)Curl and Divergence(旋度與散度)Uniform Plane Waves in Time Domain in Free Space(自由空間時域平面波)Sinusoidally Time-Varying Uniform Plane Waves in Free Space(自由空間正弦時變平面波)Polarization of Sinusoidally Time-Varying Vector Fields(正弦時變向量場的偏振)Power Flow and Energy Storage(功率流與能

8、量貯藏),Ch3.Maxwells Equation in Differential Form,4.3 Curl and Divergence(旋度與散度的意義),法拉第定律,安培定律,微分形式之Maxwells Equations,電場高斯定律,磁場高斯定律,電荷守恆,A.旋度,B.散度,C.Stokes 定理,散度(divergence)定理,利用散度(divergence)定理及 Stokes定理可以證明:,Faradays Law and Amperes Circuital Law(法拉第定律與安培迴路定律)Gauss Laws and the Continuity equation(

9、高斯定律與電流連續方程)Curl and Divergence(旋度與散度)Uniform Plane Waves in Time Domain in Free Space(自由空間時域平面波)Sinusoidally Time-Varying Uniform Plane Waves in Free Space(自由空間正弦時變平面波)Polarization of Sinusoidally Time-Varying Vector Fields(正弦時變向量場的偏振)Power Flow and Energy Storage(功率流與能量貯藏),Ch3.Maxwells Equation in

10、 Differential Form,James Clerk Maxwell(1831-1879),Heinrich Rudolf Hertz(1857-1894),Experimental verification of electromagnetic waves,Maxwells Equations,Prediction of electromagnetic waves,均勻平面波(Uniform Plane Waves),電磁波:,平面電磁波之波源,在 z=0,*靜磁場:,平面電磁波的傳遞,由 z=0 向外傳遞,平面電磁波的傳遞,波動方程式,平面電磁波的傳遞,z,x,y,空間電磁波的波速

11、,m/s,空間電磁波的波函數,向 z 傳遞,若,Faradays Law and Amperes Circuital Law(法拉第定律與安培迴路定律)Gauss Laws and the Continuity equation(高斯定律與電流連續方程)Curl and Divergence(旋度與散度)Uniform Plane Waves in Time Domain in Free Space(自由空間時域平面波)Sinusoidally Time-Varying Uniform Plane Waves in Free Space(自由空間正弦時變平面波)Polarization of

12、Sinusoidally Time-Varying Vector Fields(正弦時變向量場的偏振)Power Flow and Energy Storage(功率流與能量貯藏),Ch3.Maxwells Equation in Differential Form,其中,Sinusoidally Time-Varying Uniform Plane Waves in Free Space,向 z 傳遞,在 z=0 處,若,正弦電磁波,x,y,E,H,x,y,z,E,H,z,線偏振電磁波(linearly polarized EM wave),正弦電磁波,m/s,真空中,波長(m)頻率(MHz

13、)=300 mMHz,正弦電磁波-波長,無線電波,微波,遠紅外光,紅外光,可見光,紫外光,X 光,射線,原子核,原子,分子,釐米mm,微米m,奈米nm,米m,細菌50-1 m,病毒500-10 nm,塵螨0.5-0.1 mm,螞蟻,老鼠,人,鯨,電磁波的波長,正弦電磁波-無線電波(radio wave)及微波(microwave)之頻率,正弦電磁波之“電場-磁場比值”及傳遞方向,向 z 傳遞,波速,正弦電磁波例:天線陣列,Faradays Law and Amperes Circuital Law(法拉第定律與安培迴路定律)Gauss Laws and the Continuity equat

14、ion(高斯定律與電流連續方程)Curl and Divergence(旋度與散度)Uniform Plane Waves in Time Domain in Free Space(自由空間時域平面波)Sinusoidally Time-Varying Uniform Plane Waves in Free Space(自由空間正弦時變平面波)Polarization of Sinusoidally Time-Varying Vector Fields(正弦時變向量場的偏振)Power Flow and Energy Storage(功率流與能量貯藏),Ch3.Maxwells Equatio

15、n in Differential Form,時變向量場,F1,F2,x,y,F1,F2,F,Linear polarization(線偏振),Circular polarization(圓偏振),Elliptical polarization(橢圓偏振),時變向量場的“偏振”形式,時變向量場的“線偏振”,時變向量場的“圓偏振”,Faradays Law and Amperes Circuital Law(法拉第定律與安培迴路定律)Gauss Laws and the Continuity equation(高斯定律與電流連續方程)Curl and Divergence(旋度與散度)Unifo

16、rm Plane Waves in Time Domain in Free Space(自由空間時域平面波)Sinusoidally Time-Varying Uniform Plane Waves in Free Space(自由空間正弦時變平面波)Polarization of Sinusoidally Time-Varying Vector Fields(正弦時變向量場的偏振)Power Flow and Energy Storage(功率流與能量貯藏),Ch3.Maxwells Equation in Differential Form,Power Flow(功率流)in an Electromagnetic Field,Poynting vector,電磁場之能量密度,消耗功率,電能密度,磁能密度,S封密面上淨功率流出,時間平均之單位面積功率流出,