汉译英专项训练PPT.ppt
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1、TranslationThe 1st Week:,1.There is no time limitation in such classes so students can repeat exercises_(想要多少次都可以)参考答案 as many times as they need 详细解答 考查连接结构asas,表示“同一样达到某种程度”。2.The media are_(起着越来越重要的作用)in leading fashions and trend.参考答案 playing an increasingly important role。详细解答 要注意副词increasingly
2、的用法。3._(这件夹克不但太大),the jacket doesnt match my trousers either.参考答案 Apart from being too large 详细解答 apart from在此相当于in addition to还有一个意思等同于except for。,4.Now that the cold war is over,we must begin to_(集中更多的精力来谋求世界和平).参考答案 concentrate more on world peace 详细解答 此处考查动词concentrate的用法。另外注意代词more的用法。5.She has
3、 got used to_(用吸管喝牛奶)though she is only two months old.参考答案 sucking milk through a straw 详细解答 此处used是形容词,表示“已适应,已习惯”,to后接名词或动名词形式。6.Depending on what you are looking for,you have to judge for yourself_(这些资料对你来说有多大的相关性)。参考答案 how relevant the material is for you 详细解答 此处考查how引起的宾语从句的用法,表示“多么,到何种程度”。7.M
4、ary received unemployment compensation_(当她从工厂下岗后)。参考答案 when she was laid off from her factory 详细解答 此处考查动词短语lay off的用法。,8._(第一次也是最后一次)did I quarrel with my beloved parents.参考答案 For the first and last time 详细解答 此句为倒装结构。注意first和last的连用情况。9.True friendship foresees the needs of others_(而不是声明自己的要求).参考答案
5、rather than proclaims its own 详细解答 rather than意思相当于instead of。10.I tried every means to get a copy of her newly issued album,_(却没有得到).参考答案 but failed。详细解答 此处考查动词fail的用法。,第二周1.We dont laugh at_(那伙敢于尝试的人)no matter how many errors they make.参考答案 those who dare try 详细解答 此处考查定语从句的用法。注意情态动词dare的用法。2.Ameri
6、ca is frequently referred to as a throw-away society because_(大多数产品都是用过就扔的)参考答案 most products are made to use and then discard 详细解答 注意此处两个动词use和discard的用法。3.The Committee decided that a proposal_(应立即提交给国会).参考答案(should)be submitted to the state council immediately 详细解答 此处考查虚拟语气。另需注意动词submit的用法。4._(强迫
7、证人作出对自身不利的证词)is against his constitutional rights.参考答案 Forcing a witness to testify against himself 详细解答 考察动词testify的用法。另注意动名词forcing的用法。5.Even if all government money for research were cut off,the force of competition_ _(仍将带来技术的进步)参考答案 would still bring about advances in technology。详细解答 此处考查虚拟语气。,6
8、.Many private companies_(不得不宣布破产)when they begin to lose business to their competitors.参考答案 are forced to declare bankruptcy 详细解答 被动语态,非谓语动词注意动词declare的用法。7.I bought a large box of fast noodles thinking_(它能够我一个星期吃的).参考答案 it would last(me)the whole week 详细解答 考查动词last的用法,表示“足够维持”。8.Doctors use medical
9、 histories to help diagnose problems and_(为病人开出治疗处方).参考答案 prescribe medical care for patients 详细解答 考查动词prescribe的用法.9._(他们最担心的)is their 30-year-old daughter who is still single.参考答案 what worries them most 详细解答 此处考查主语从句。同时考查动词worry的用法。10.Sometimes I fight for Mom and sometimes I fight for Dad,but I w
10、ish_(让我从中完全解脱出来)参考答案 they would leave me out of it completely。详细解答 此处考查虚拟语气。同时考查leave的用法。,第三周1.A lighted cigarette_(被扔出汽车或火车窗外)can start a fire.参考答案 thrown out of a car or train window。详细解答 此处考查动词的过去分词。2.It was not long before a helicopter arrived on the scene_(来搭救这几个幸存者).参考答案 to rescue the survivor
11、s。详细解答 此处考查动词rescue的用法。It was not long before.表示“不久就”。3.The earthquake left thousands of people _(急需要医疗照顾).参考答案 in urgent need of medical care。详细解答 空格处是句子的补语成分。注意形容词urgent的用法。4.There is_(无可否认)that he has directed the most popular films in ten years.参考答案 no denying the fact。详细解答 空格处是there be结构的主语成分,应
12、该用动名词形式。5.We booked rooms at the hotel lest_(我们到达时没有空房).参考答案 we should find no vacancies on our arrival 详细解答 lest引导的状语从句中常用动词原形或should+动词原形,表示“惟恐,以防”的意思;“我们到达时”可以翻译成词组“on our arrival”。,6.I would never have_(告到法院)if I hadnt been so desperate.参考答案 resorted to a court of law 详细解答 resort to意为“求助于,诉诸于(某种
13、不太好的手段)”,尤其是在没有别的办法的情况下,resort to 正与本题中说到的万般绝望的情况相符。7.It is high time that_(终止这种做法).参考答案 such practices were ended 详细解答 在lt is high time that结构中,that从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气,以过去时表示现在时。8.The continuous rain_(推迟了小麦的收割)by two weeks.参考答案 set back the harvesting of the wheat crop 详细解答 本题考查词组set back,意为“阻碍,减缓进程”,se
14、t的过去式仍是原形;动名词短语the harvesting of the wheat crop做set back的宾语。9.Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night,no matter_(白天我们可能做什么).参考答案 what we may have done during the day 详细解答 no matter what引导含让步意义的从句,白天的行为应在晚上dream之前发生,所以用完成时表达,再加上语义要求是一种可能性,故“可能做什么”可翻译成may have done st
15、h,表示对过去情况的不肯定猜测,而且此处情态动词may语义上具有让步功能,常用于让步状语从句中。10.Joe is not good at sports,but_(说到数学),he is the best in the class.参考答案 when it comes to mathematics 详细解答 when it comes to sth表示“说到、谈到某事”,用来引起另一个话题,本句从“运动”到“数学”,是话题的转换;从原句中其他部分可知此从句也应是一般现在时。,第四周1.Things might have been much worse if_(母亲当时坚持要求抚养孩子的权力).
16、参考答案 the mother had insisted on her right to keep the baby 详细解答 主句“情态动词+动词完成式”的形式是对过去事实的虚拟,所以从句应该用过去完成时,表示与过去相反的假设,“坚持要求”可用词组“insist on sth”,故从句谓语翻译为“had insisted on”;“抚养孩子的权利”可翻译为“ones right to keep the baby”。2.It_(使你享受原价至少50%的折扣)of either frames or lenses when you buy both.参考答案 entitles you to at
17、least 50 of the regular price 详细解答 本题考查固定表达entitle sbto sth意思是“给某人的权利或资格”,本句说到的折扣就是一种优惠;“原价的50”可以翻译为:50 of the regular price。(entitles you to 30%discount of the regular price)3.By the time he arrives in Beijing,_(我们就已在这里呆两天了).参考答案 we will have stayed here for two days 详细解答 by the time后接表示将来时间的词、短语或一
18、个表将来动作的从句(如本题)时,主句要用将来完成时,表示在将来某一时间之前完成的动作,故谓语动词应为“will have stayed”。4.He asked us to_(帮助实施他们的计划).参考答案 assist them in carrying through their plan 详细解答 本题考查两个固定搭配形式assist sbin doing sth意为“援助,帮助”;carry through意为“进行,贯彻,实施”。(help sb(to)do sth),5.Doctors warned against chewing tobacco_(代替吸烟).参考答案 as a su
19、bstitute for smoking 详细解答 substitute意为“代替;代用品”,as a substitute for sth表示“作为的代用品”。6.But that_(当时他缺钱),he could have come to help us.参考答案 he was short of money at the time 详细解答 but that意为“若不是”,主句表示假设条件的结果要用虚拟语气,而that从句表述的是事实情况,故从句中的动词用陈述语气;“缺钱”可以翻译为“be short of money”。7.Her sun-tanned face suggested th
20、at_(她很健康).参考答案 she was in excellent health 详细解答 suggest作“建议”讲,其后的从句需用虚拟语气,但当“暗示”讲时,其后从句需用陈述语气。此句suggest意为“暗示,表明”,故后面从句翻译应用陈述语气;“很健康”可翻译为:be in excellent health。,8.His wife is constantly_(挑他的毛病),which makes him very angry.参考答案 finding fault with him 详细解答 find fault with sb表示“挑某人的毛病”,是固定搭配;原文用现在进行时表示一
21、般时,表达一定的主观感情,在原句表达的是一种“不耐烦生气”的感情。9.If only_(他愿意按我告诉的去做),but he wont.参考答案 he would do what I tell him 详细解答“if only”意为“但愿,要是就好了”,由if only引导的句子谓语动词需用虚拟语气,如果表示将来的愿望,用would+do/be,如果表示现在的愿望,用did/were,如果表示与过去事实相反的愿望,用had done/been,根据题干的后半部分,可知句子表示的是与将来事实相反的愿望。10.The British constitution is_(在很大程度上)a produc
22、t of the historical events described above.参考答案 to a large extent 详细解答 to a large extent是固定搭配,意思是“在很大程度上”。,第五周1.Supposing_(你有出国的机会),where would you go?参考答案 you had the opportunity to go abroad 详细解答 supposing与providing等本身形式上是现在分词,但在功能上被视为连词,同if,only等一样可以引导虚拟条件句,本题就是由supposing引导的虚拟条件句,因为主句的时态是将来时态,故从句
23、用过去式:had the opportunity。2.Do you think we may meet your ridiculous demand?Thats_(不可能的).参考答案 out of the question 详细解答 out of the question表示“不可能的,办不到的,不必谈的”,注意:out of question表示“毫无疑问”(=no doubt)。3.The millions of calculations involved,had they been done by hand,_(早已失去其实际价值了)by the time they were fini
24、shed.参考答案 would have lost all practical value 详细解答 原句中had they been done by hand是一个因省略了if而倒装的虚拟条件句,该从句用的是过去完成时,表示与过去情况相反的假设,所以主句也应表示与过去情况相反的事实,用“would+have+过去分词”形式。4.She is a good girl:she never laughed at others,_(也不乱发脾气).参考答案 nor did she ever lose her temper 详细解答 句子前部分含有否定意义,需要翻译的句子也表示否定,故应用表示否定的n
25、or(或neither)连接,且应当用倒装结构;“发脾气”翻译为“lose ones temper”。,5.There is_(没法进入)the house from the main road.参考答案 no access to 详细解答 access to sth意为“接近或进入某地的方法;通路”。6.Jack wishes that he_(学的是商务)instead of history when he was in university.参考答案 had been studying business 详细解答 wish引导的从句中谓语动词常用虚拟形式,表示一种与事实相反的愿望。如果是
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