新编大学英语第四册Unit3GenderDifferences课件.ppt
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1、Unit Three,Gender Differences,Gender difference is a term used to refer to social characteristic that distinguish men and women.These include such things as differences in hair styles,clothing,family responsibilities,occupational roles,acceptable behavior and other culturally learned activities and
2、traits.All of these differences are linked to the non-biological notions of masculinity and femininity which vary from one culture to another.,Gender Differences,Scan the differences between men and women.Then work in groups to decide whether the characteristics are mens or womens according to the i
3、nformation you get.,Do you know that?,Click the picture to get the answer,suffer more illnesses have a higher rate of colorblindness have a larger brain are more likely to have a heart attackhave more fearslive longerlike diamond shapesmiss more work,Who will do the following things,man or woman?Cou
4、ld you think of similar ones as many as possible about the different personality of man and woman?,Pay$200 for a$100 item needed.,Pay$100 for a$200 item arent needed.,Worries about the future until gets the other one,Never worries about the future until gets the other one,One who makes more money th
5、an the other can spend.,The one who has the last word in any argument.,The one who says Anything after that is the beginning of a new argument.,One who can find such a person.,To be happy with a man,you must understand him a lot and love him little.To be happy with a woman,you must love her a lot an
6、d not try to understand her at all.,Man and Woman,A woman marries a man expecting he will change,but he doesnt.A man marries a woman expecting that she wont change,and she does.,Women love cats.Men say they love cats,but when women arent looking,men kick cats.,A woman knows all about her children,be
7、st friends,favorite foods,secret fears and hopes and dreams.A man is vaguely aware of some short people living in the house.,Possible characteristics of the ideal husband/wife:Ideal husbandtall,handsome and strong 2)capable of supporting a familyIdeal wife 1)beautiful and healthy 2)warm-hearted,Idea
8、l Wife and Ideal Husband,Directions:Work in pairs and discuss the following questions.,1)From your point of view,what are the characteristics of the ideal wife and the ideal husband?,2)Would the ideal wife and the ideal husband have been different in your parents generation and in your grandparents
9、generation?If so,how?,In-Class ReadingGender Roles from a Cultural Perspective,It has been proven repeatedly that the various types of behavior,emotions and interests that constitute being masculine and feminine are patterned by both heredity and culture.,Introduction(Para.1),Teachers called on male
10、s in class far more than on female students.(Para.2),Development(Para.2-4),Teachers assigned boys and girls different tasks according to stereotyped gender roles.(Para.3),Gender-biased education is also reflected in the typical American teachers assumption that boys will do better in science subject
11、s while girls tend to have better verbal and reading skills.(Para.4),There is a cultural bias in education that favors boys over girls.,Educational bias begins at home and develops at school,which in turn reinforces its established values and turns out each gender in its traditional and expected mol
12、d.,Conclusion(Para.5),Over the past few decades,it has been proven innumerable times that the various types of behavior,emotions,and interests that constitute being masculine and feminine are patterned by both heredity and culture.(Line 1),It has been proven(innumerable times)that,被(无数次)证明,译 文,Examp
13、le,现已证明吸烟可以引起很多疾病。,Now it has been proven that smoking can cause many diseases.,已经无数次地证实感冒不是由于受到非常恶劣天气的影响造成的。,It has been proven innumerable times that colds are not caused by being subjected to very bad weather.,宇宙在增大的说法已经被证实了。,It has been proven that the universe is expanding.,pattern n.模式;方式;图案 e
14、.g.Sentence patterns 句型;living patterns 生活方式;,他以一个他钦佩的人为自己模仿的榜样。,Hepatternedhimselfaftera man he admired.,他的女子气是小时候他母亲经常把他打扮成小姑娘和他常和小女孩玩耍的结果。,His femininity is patterned by his mother always dressing him like a girl and his playing with girls in his childhood.,Example,v.form the character,qualities,
15、etc.,(of oneself)by copying 形成的性格/品质,学的样,Over the past few decades,it has been proven innumerable times that the various types of behavior,emotions,and interests that constitute being masculine and feminine are patterned by both heredity and culture.(Line 1),在过去的几十年里,已经无数次地证实了这样一个事实:构成男子阳刚之气和女子阴柔之气的
16、各种不同类型的行为、情感、和兴趣都既是遗传又是文化熏陶的结果。,In the process of growing up,each child learns hundreds of culturally patterned details of behavior that become incorporated into its gender identity.(Line 3),译 文,in the process of 在的过程中,Example,在适应陌生人习惯的过程中,在校大学生可以学会如何应变去适应新情况。,In the process of adapting to a strange
17、rs habits,undergraduate students can learn how to change to suit new conditions.,在城市建设和开发的过程中,对周围环境的破坏真的不可避免吗?,Is the destruction of surroundings really unavoidable in the process of city building and developing?,be/become incorporated into 合并成,他们已经把她的建议纳入他们的新计划中。,They incorporated her suggestions i
18、nto their newplan.,这个小商行已经并入了一家大公司。,The small firm has been incorporated into a big company.,Example,In the process of growing up,each child learns hundreds of culturally patterned details of behavior that become incorporated into its gender identity.(Line 3),在成长的过程中,每个孩子学会了各种行为举止,数量之多数以百计,这一切都带有文化的
19、烙印,成为他们性别特征的一部分。,Instead of being encouraged to develop intellectual curiosity and physical skills that are useful in dealing with the outside world,as boys are,girls are filled with fears of the world outside the home and with the desire to be approved of for their“goodness”and obedience to rules.(
20、Line 54),译 文,girls are filled with and with是全句的主句,instead of being encouraged 的主语是 girls,that are useful in dealing with the outside world 是定语从句,修饰intellectual curiosity and physical skills,be filled with有两个宾语,一个是 fears of the world outside the home,另一个是 desire to be approved of for their“goodness”a
21、nd obedience to rules,be approved of sth.赞成,欣赏,变成被动语态时不能省略 of,approve v.赞成,赞同;批准,通过,这个建议在会议上得到了福斯特先生的赞同,This proposal was approved of by Mr.Foster at the meeting.,数月的迟疑不定后,市长办公室最终批准了建新医院的计划。,After months of indecision,the mayors office has finally approved the plans for a new hospital.,Example,obedi
22、ence to sb.(sth.)(名词短语)服从,遵从某人(某事),他要求下级服从他。,Hedemandedobediencefromhisinferiors.,奴隶们不得不服从他们的主人。,Theslavesgave/showedpassiveobediencetotheirmaster.,Example,孩子们对于强壮的父亲很顺从,却在操持家务的母亲面前很调皮。,Children are obedient to a strong father,but naughty with a domestic mother.,女孩们不像男孩那样受到鼓励去发展求知欲和身体技能,尽管这些正是与外部世界打
23、交道时有用的;女孩们被灌输的是对自己家外面的世界的恐惧和因优良品格和服从精神得到赞同的欲望。,Instead of being encouraged to develop intellectual curiosity and physical skills that are useful in dealing with the outside world,as boys are,girls are filled with fears of the world outside the home and with the desire to be approved of for their“goo
24、dness”and obedience to rules.(Line 54),These lessons carry over from the home to the classroom,where girls are generally observed to be more dependent on the teacher,more concerned with the form and neatness of their work than with its content,and more anxious about being“right”in their answers than
25、 in being intellectually independent,analytical,or original.(Line58),句中“where or original”是非限制性定语从句,修饰前面主句中的名词“classroom”。其中“to be moremore.,and moreoriginal”是并列的主语补足语,说明人们看到的女孩的情况。,译 文,句型 more(adj.)than 用于比较两个事物,比更加(),Example,知道如何学习比只记住一些事实或一个公式总是要重要得多。,It is always more important to know how to st
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