形容词性从句(定语从句).ppt

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1、Chapter 33,形容词性从句定语从句Attributive Clause,（形容词性）定语从句,1、常用关系词及用法,2、限制性和非限制性定语从句,考点聚焦：,3、that 的用法4、带介词的定语从句,焦点1：常用关系词及用法,定语从句:用来修饰名词或代词的句子 例如：The man who told you the news is a friend of mine.定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词来引导的。关系代词有：who,whom,whose,which,that.关系副词有：when,where,why 等。,1.who代替人，在从句中做主语。e.g.Do you know the

2、 man who wrote the article?What was the name of the man who danced with you last night?2.whom代替人，在从句中做宾语 e.g.This is the boy whom we were looking for.,3.whose代替人，在从句中做定语 e.g.What is the name of the student whose father works in our lab?The building whose roof we can see from here is our department.4

3、.which代替 物，在从句中做主语或宾语 e.g.That was a fault which could be forgiven.I will use the reference book which you borrowed from library。,5.that代替人或 物，在从句中做主语或宾语e.g.Who is the man that is lecturing in the classroom.Who is the man that talked with you?6.when表示时间，在从句中做状语。e.g.We dont know the exact time when w

4、e needed help.The day will come when we will win the final victory.,7.where.表示地点，在从句中做状语e.g.The house where we used to live has been pulled down8.why表示原因，在从句中做状语e.g.Do you know the reason why he was so happy?,焦点2：非限制性定语从句,1.非限制性定语从句与先行词之间关系不密 切，具有独立性。如果从句去掉，主句的意 思仍然完整。2.从句与主句之间常用逗号隔开，逗号后不接 that,只能用w

5、hich.3.非限制性定语从句有时修饰前面整个句子,此 时，从句的动词用单数动词。e.g.,*TOEFL is a test for students _ native language is not English.（限制性）A.that B.of whom C.whose D.which,c,*He studied hard in his youth,_ contributed to his great success in later life.A.that B.it（非限制性）C.what D.which,d,The sun heats the earth,which makes it

6、 possible for plants to grow.The most important form of energy is electric energy,which is widely used in our everyday life.Galileo,who made the first telescope,died in 1642.Tom passed all his examinations,which pleased his parents.He seems not to have grasped what I meant,which greatly upsets me.他似

7、乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦,焦点3：定语从句的难点,在下列情况中，只能用关系代词 that,1）当先行词是不定代词：all,much,little,something,everything,anything 等时2）当从句是主系表句型时.3）当先行词前面有：only,any,few,little,no 等时4）当先行词是形容词最高级和序数词时：that 不做主语时，可以省去。,1）当先行词是不定代词：e.g.I gave you all that I have.2）当从句是主系表句型时.e.g.He speaks in a proud way like the man(that)he was

8、.3）有：only,any,few,little,noe.g.This is the only mountain that Ive ever climbed in my life.4）有形容词最高级和序数词时：,e.g.What is the first American film that you have seen?,All that glitters is not gold.This is the only mountain that Ive ever climbed in my life.I give you all(that)I have.He knew much that happ

9、ened in the town.This is the best film(that)I have ever seen.The 6:00 is the first bus(that)there has ever been.,焦点4：带介词的定语从句,e.g.The man to whom you are talking is the manager of the company.The world in which we live is made of matter.The famous professor of whom we have often heard will come to o

10、ur university.There are nine planets in the solar system,some of which are much larger than our earth.There are some new terms in the article,the meaning of which may be difficult to the students.,Have you met the person about whom we were speaking?如果介词在后面则为：-Have you met the person(that,who,whom,/)

11、we were speaking about?This is the man to whom I referred.-This is the man(who,whom)I referred to.Do you know the person with whom she was talking?-Do you know the person(who,whom)she was talking with?The tool with which he is working is called a hammer.(with that-错误)-The tool(which/that)he is worki

12、ng with is called a hammer.,Those who want to go please sign your names here.(who做主语，不能省掉)The man you want to see is now in the hall down stairs.(who(m)做宾语,可以省)He lived in the house whose basement was very big.(whose做定语，不能省)The factory(which/that)we worked in last term was built in 1956.(which/that做

13、宾语,可以省),关系词何时能省略？,The factory(which/that)we worked in last term was built in 1956.(which/that做宾语,可以省)The factory(where)we worked last term was built in 1956.The days(when)we had to rely on cotton have now passed.Come any time(whenever)you like.There are moments(when)I forgot all about it.,as 用在非限定性定语从句 由as引导的非限定性定语从句，可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。e.g.As we know,smoking is harmful to ones health.As is known,smoking is harmful to ones health.,