大学英语综合教程Unit 12 gender differences.ppt

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1、,Gender Differences,Task 1:Do you know that?Task 2:A poemTask 3:Wives and bread winnersTask 4:Man and woman,Dumb man+dumb woman=,Smart man+smart woman=,Dumb man+smart woman=,Gender Differences,romance,affair,marriage,Gender difference is a term used to refer to social characteristic that distinguish

2、 men and women.These include such things as differences in hair styles,clothing,family responsibilities,occupational roles,acceptable behavior and other culturally learned activities and traits.All of these differences are linked to the non-biological notions of masculinity and femininity which vary

3、 from one culture to another.,Gender Differences,Scan the differences between men and women.Then work in groups to decide whether the characteristics are mens or womens according to the information you get.,Do you know that?,Click the picture to get the answer,suffer more illnesses have a higher rat

4、e of colorblindness have a larger brain are more likely to have a heart attackhave more fearslive longerlike diamond shapesmiss more work,How does Tennyson see the roles of men and women?Explain his poem in your own words.You may begin your explanation with:His poem tells us that man works in the fi

5、eld while woman should stay at home.Man,Read the poem by Alfred Tennyson(1809-1892)carefully.Work in groups and answer the questions below.,Man for the field and woman for the hearth(炉边,喻家庭)Man for the sword and for the needle she Man with the head and woman with the heartMan to command and woman to

6、 obey;All else confusion.from The Princess(1847),A Poem,Watch the interview on Wives Are Bread Winners and answer the following questions with the ideas you get from it.,Why is there a high divorce rate in the families which wives earn more?,2.How do women often feel when they get more for the famil

7、y?,3.What are masculine and feminine?,Wives Are Bread Winners,Wives Are Bread Winners,Who will do the following things,man or woman?Could you think of similar ones as many as possible about the different personality of man and woman?,Pay$200 for a$100 item needed.,Pay$100 for a$200 item arent needed

8、.,Worries about the future until gets the other one,Never worries about the future until gets the other one,One who makes more money than the other can spend.,The one who has the last word in any argument.,The one who says Anything after that is the beginning of a new argument.,One who can find such

9、 a person.,To be happy with a man,you must understand him a lot and love him little.To be happy with a woman,you must love her a lot and not try to understand her at all.,Man and Woman,A woman marries a man expecting he will change,but he doesnt.A man marries a woman expecting that she wont change,a

10、nd she does.,Women love cats.Men say they love cats,but when women arent looking,men kick cats.,A woman knows all about her children,best friends,favorite foods,secret fears and hopes and dreams.A man is vaguely aware of some short people living in the house.,Possible characteristics of the ideal hu

11、sband/wife:Ideal husbandtall,handsome and strong 2)capable of supporting a familyIdeal wife 1)beautiful and healthy 2)warm-hearted,Ideal Wife and Ideal Husband,Directions:Work in pairs and discuss the following questions.,1)From your point of view,what are the characteristics of the ideal wife and t

12、he ideal husband?,2)Would the ideal wife and the ideal husband have been different in your parents generation and in your grandparents generation?If so,how?,Man and Woman,This is an unusual but interesting custom in Thailand.Watch the video and listen carefully,then try your best to retell the infor

13、mation you get about the custom in your own words.,Work in pairs to answer the following questions.,A man should be masculine.He should be strong and responsible enough to protect women,children and the old in a family and in the society.He cares more about his career and success than his looks.Howe

14、ver,a woman should be feminine,tender,considerate and smart.She should spend more time on household affairs,on children and the old at home.,Whats the typical image of a man/woman in traditional mold?,Sample,Yes.There is a culture bias in education that favors boys over girls.Sometimes teachers unkn

15、owingly prevented girls from participating as actively as boys in class by assigning them different tasks.For example,In a science class,the teacher had the little boys perform the scientific experiment while the girls were given the task of putting the materials away.,Is there any gender-bias in ed

16、ucation?If so,whats the situation?Can you give an example to illustrate it?,Sample,This may deprive girls of the chance of hands-on work,a vital learning experience that would affect their entire lives.(Another example is that the typical American teachers assume that boys will do better in math and

17、 science subjects while girls have better verbal and reading skills.This attitude in teaching leads to boys problems in reading and girls lack of interests in science.),作形容词时，female表示“女的”、“女性的”、“雌的”之意，着重指性别而言，经常与之搭配的词有：*，child，friend，companion，heir，ruler，servant，ward，voice，figure，suffrage，education，

18、animal，plant等，其对语是male。例：Yesterday we received a lot of guests，male and female，in Victoria Peak Garden 昨日我们在山顶公园接待了很多来宾，有男的也有女的。His younger sister，it is said，a female operative 据说，他的妹妹是个女工。A doe is female deer 牝鹿就是雌鹿。Feminine着重指“有女性气质的”之意，经常与之搭配的词有nature，sympathy，weakness，virtue，frivolity，curiosity，

19、voice，pursuits，hobbies，clothes等其对语是masculine例：She has got all the feminine virtues 她具有全部女性的长处。This gentleman has got a feminine voice 这位男士说话的声音像女子。注：female education和feminine education的涵义并不相同，前者是“女子教育”，后者是“适合于妇女的教育”。female voice和feminine voice的内涵亦不相同，前者是“女声”，说话的人肯定是女子，后者是“女性般的声音”，说话人有可能是男子。female和fe

20、minine也可以用作名词，作名词时，前者义“女性”或“妇女”，如：A female has just called（一个女人刚来访过）。但因有贬低的意味，一般不用a female来指女人而用a lady（一位女士）。feminine则作“阴性”解，例如在英语语法书里，the feminine的意思是“阴性”，它等于the feminine gender,Exercise,The girl is rather _ in appearance.,masculine,Today discrimination(歧视)against _job-seekers still exists.,female,

21、As we know,_ animals are more aggressive under attack.,male,请用 masculine，feminine,male 或 female 填空。,_ education needs more social concern.,Feminine,bias n.a prejudice or preference that interferes with a fair judgment 偏见，成见,他们抱怨那份报纸报道那个事件的方式存在偏见。,They complained of bias in the way the newspaper repo

22、rted the incident.,Translation,That employee should be evaluated without any bias.,在评价那位员工的时候不可以存在偏见。,相关词语 biasedadj.preferring one person,thing,or idea to another in a way that is unfair 偏袒一方的，有偏见的,请完成下面的句子。,Exercise,_who was his neighbors son.那位评委支持三号候选人，他肯定是有偏见的。因为该候选人是他邻居的儿子。,In the United State

23、s,almost all the news media _.在美国，几乎所有的媒体在立场上都会偏向某一个政党。,are biased towards one political party or the other,The judge was biased in favor of the third candidate,处理英语长句的翻译技巧,（二）拆译法,拆译法就是将英语句子中有些成分，比如词、词组、插入成分或者从句，从句子的主干中拆分出来处理，或变成短句，或变成独立句等。这些成分可改变位置，但是要利于译文句子的总体安排，使译文自然、通顺。,The number of young peopl

24、e in the United States who cannot read is incredible-about one in four.（单词拆译）,大约四分之一的美国年轻人不具备阅读能力，这简直令人难以置信。,Let us admit,and regret,that he honestly believes it impossible to differ from him.（单词拆译）,我们不得不承认，他真的相信凡与他抱不同见解的人不可能是一个正人君子，这是令人遗憾的事。,There is a tide taken at the flood in the affairs not onl

25、y of men but of women too,which leads on to fortune.（词组拆译）,人生在世，有时会走运，抓住时机，就能飞黄腾达，不但男性如此，女性也一样。,With the fear of,largely imaginary,plots against his leadership,his self-confidence seemed totally to desert him.,由于害怕有人阴谋推翻他的领导地位，他似乎完全丧失了自信，但是所谓的阴谋在很大程度上是他自己凭空想象出来的。,A friendly correspondence as neighbo

26、rs and old acquaintances had continued between me and Mrs.Reads family,who all had a regard for me from the time of my first lodging in their house.（从句拆译）,从我第一次入住他们家开始，里德太太一家人就一直对我很关心，我们像是友好的邻居，又像是相识多年的老朋友那样，书信来往始终未断。,This land,which once barred the way of weary travelers,now has become a land for w

27、inter and summer vacations,a land of magic and wonder.（从句拆译）,现在此处已经成为冬夏两季的度假胜地，风光景物，蔚为奇观；而从前，筋疲力尽的旅游者到此只得止步。,Some men have been virtuous blindly,others have speculated fantastically,and others have been shrewd to bad purposes.（单词拆译）,有些人品行端正，但却不去推究为什么要这样做；有些人深思熟虑，但却流于脱离现实；有些人非常精明，但却把精明用于邪道。,Next door

28、,a larger-than-expected audience of 300 attended the Fifteenth International Conference on Environment Protection.（词组拆译）,隔壁大厅里，参加“第十五届国际环境保护大会”的人数竟达300名之多，这真是出乎意料。,On behalf of all of your American guests,I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly fa

29、mous throughout the world.（从句拆译）,我谨代表所有美国客人向你们表示感谢，感谢你们无可比拟的盛情款待，中国人民以这种热情好客而闻名于世。,写作实践例文:Gender Inequality in Employment of College Graduates相关链接,Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic:Gender Inequality in Employment of College Graduates.You should w

30、rite at least 120 words according to the given information below:,1.高校毕业生，尤其是女生，就业压力大；2.用人单位在招聘时以各种原因歧视女生；3.你对在就业中“男女不平等”的看法。,Gender Inequality in Employment of College Graduates,In recent years,the number of college graduates is skyrocketing(猛涨),while the number of job vacancies(空缺)is limited and s

31、eemingly shrinking.If you pay attention to the“want ads”in newspapers or on the Campus Information Board,you can find words like“males preferably,”or even“males ONLY.”When hunting for jobs in the Talent Fair,female graduates are more likely to sense the bias in employment that favors male graduates

32、over females.,The discrimination against females in employment widely exists for a variety of reasons.The employers have their sound reasons women are not fit for some of the jobs they offer.Most employers believe that women would not devote themselves to their careers as much as men do,for they spe

33、nd more time and energy on family life or housework.Apart from this,it is generally accepted that females are physically and intellectually inferior to males,so they are not able to contribute much due to their incapability.Furthermore,the biological difference is another obstacle that hinders women

34、 from obtaining certain positions.,As a matter of fact,it is not primarily biology that determines womens roles in society,but social prejudices(偏见).Men have been viewed as the breadwinner of the family,while women are expected to take care of the children and to do the housework.The employers discr

35、imination against females not only deprives them of the opportunity,to fulfill their dreams,but greatly discourages them as well even though their academic performances are better than males,the chances for them to get jobs are fewer.In reality,if females are treated similarly,they have the same pot

36、ential as their male counterparts（男同胞）and can accomplish similar goals.,Para 1,Feature of languageP_Easily m_ and M_Reason:complicated _ n_ special l_ G_?1_?2_,Para 2,Words1.o_2.man woman exalted position sub_ D_ Supre _ H_ man of the house,definite d_,Para 3,AmericaWords pairs,Para 4,Nilson Female1

37、._Eg:_2.virginityloose,MaleActive_,Para 5,Linguistic connotationNilsonshrewShrewd tomboy,Para 6,Friendly talk:BabeBroadChick?Why choose when_,Para 7,Call for a changeHow?_,1.Which two opinions are presented in the first paragraph?There are those who believe that the language that we use everyday is

38、biased in and of itself.Then there are those who feel that language is a reflection of the prejudices that people have within themselves.,2.Whats the main strategy to develop this expositive essay?The text is mainly developed by means of exemp_.Examples are abundantly used in Paragraphs 2-6,3.Which

39、sentences in the conclusion show the writers attitude?In the last paragraph,we find these sentences:“It is necessary for people to make the proper adjustments internally to use appropriate language to effectively include both genders.We qualify language.It is up to us to decide what we will allow to

40、 be used and made proper in the area of language.”Evidently,they denote the writers attitude toward what we should do about gender bias in language.,words,NuanceMasculine femininePerpetuateEnforceUnmeritedDiscerningCommonplacequalify,Difficult sentences,Para 1 Yet it is oftenPara 2 There are wordsPa

41、ra 5 to be endowed by genetics,be involved in trouble 卷入纠纷 be involved in disaster 陷入不幸 a task which involves much difficulty 困难重重的任务 involve a number to the fifth power 把某数乘五次方 Clouds involved the mountain top.云雾笼罩山头。He was involved in working out a plan.他专心致志地制订计划。be involved in 包含在.;与.有关;被卷入;专心地(

42、做)be involved with 涉及 become involved in 卷入,陷入 get involved with 给.缠住,Identified1.Wealth cant be identified with happiness.财富不能同幸福等同起来。2.Its success will now be identified with short-term movements on Wall Street.它的成功现在将由华尔街上的短期运动来确认。3.The reasons Platos political thought developed in this direction

43、 cannot be identified with assurance.原因柏拉图的政治思想仍在发展，这个方向不能确定与保证。,偏向某个观点或某一方时，我们一般用 bias1.偏见,成见;偏心 2.倾向,趋势;偏爱 3.斜线,斜纹 4.【电】偏压 a.1.斜的;斜纹的 ad.1.偏斜地,对角地 vt.1.使存偏见;使有偏心H 2.加偏压于 bias表达是偏向某一方的偏见，而prejudice是歧视某一方的偏见,claim索赔 request指语气委婉的请求 require指正式的“要求；命令”希望得到遵守,attach to表示“相关，依附”一般表示一种人的关系 或者 物体的物理关系 一般讲

44、人 比如 They are very attached to each other.他们关系特别密切。但是也可以讲东西的附着关系，比如 The cheque is attached to the letter.支票已经被附在信件上了。而 connect with 是连接，一般讲的是电器也可以说两个人的思维连接 比如 I connect with her idea of.我对于她的这一想法有共鸣。link:多指两个物体的连接(具体)connect:多指两个事件的连接(抽象)attach:一个物体附着(附属)于另一个物体,for example 是举一个实例，是个句子。较常用。for instan

45、ce通常接一个事情。for example 表示很多例子中一个 for instance 表示实例，一个事实 For instance is used for describing an example of a particular kind of situation.For example=in particular;specifically;thus;so;to take something like as an illustration Hi,you asked a question of a life time.This question has been in mind for t

46、he past many years and you finally asked it.Lets hope to get as many answers as possible and then we will see which one is the most appropriate one.chao!,There are words in the English language that are existing or have existed that have inherently been sexually Many English words whose meanings mak

47、e the female gender invisible are a natural part of the English language.英语语言中曾经存在过，目前仍然有一些固有的对女性性别歧视的词语。,II.GRE作文题目II The following recommendation was made by the president and administrative staff of Grove College,a private institution,to the colleges governing committee.“We recommend that Grove C

48、ollege preserve its century-old tradition of all-female education rather than admit men into its programs.It is true that a majority of faculty members voted in favor of coeducation,arguing that it would encourage more students to apply to Grove.But eighty percent of the students responding to a sur

49、vey conducted by the student government wanted the school to remain all female,and over half of the alumni who answered a separate survey also opposed coeducation.Keeping the college all-female,therefore,will improve morale among students and convince alumni to keep supporting the college financially.”,Thanks for Your Attention!,