大学英语精读二三.ppt

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1、南昌航空大学外语学院,Pre-Reading Activities,1 Discussion2 Education in UK3 Warm-up Questions,Unit 3,Before-reading,Global reading,Detailed reading,After reading,南昌航空大学外语学院,Before Reading_1.1,Discussion,Look at the pictures of various jobs.Answer the following questions with a partner.,南昌航空大学外语学院,Discussion,1.

2、How are these people similar?How are they different?2.Would you like to be a teacher?Why or why not?3.If you have no other choice but to be a teacher,what kind of teacher do you want to be?Why?4.Can you tell us something about the best teacher of yours in your life?,南昌航空大学外语学院,Before Reading_3.1,A B

3、rief Introduction of Education in U.K.,1.British state schools,Old system“eleven plus”examination Under the old system,children took an examination called the“eleven plus”at the age of eleven.If they passed this examination,they went to a grammar school(high school)and if they failed,they went to a

4、secondary modern school.,南昌航空大学外语学院,Before Reading_3.2,New system“streamed”&“unstreamed”school,Under the new system,there is no“eleven plus”examination,and the grammar schools and secondary modern schools have been replaced by large comprehensive schools.Some comprehensives are“streamed”;others are“

5、unstreamed”.In a streamed school,pupils are placed into classes according to their ability.Children of high ability are in the“A”stream,those of lesser ability in the“B”stream and so on.In an unstreamed school,children of mixed ability are placed together in the classes.,南昌航空大学外语学院,Before Reading_3.

6、3,2.Some famous universities in Britain,Oxford UniversityThe United Kingdoms oldest institution of higher learning,Oxford University,is a federation of 35 colleges,each with its own structure and activities.Many prominent people have attended All Souls College,shown here.,Cambridge UniversityFounded

7、 in the 13th century,Cambridge University is one of the oldest educational institutions in Europe and one of the most prestigious universities in the world.Among its many distinguished graduates are Charles Darwin,John Maynard Keynes,Oliver Cromwell and John Milton.,南昌航空大学外语学院,Warm-up questions,What

8、 jobs do you think are the best ones nowadays?Why?Where would you like to find a job after you graduate from school,in a big city or in a small town?Why?Have you tried to make some money before entering university?,南昌航空大学外语学院,Reading questions,1 What was his impression of the school?2 Did the author

9、 think games were a vital part of a boys education?Did the headmaster agree with him?What are your views on the role games play in childrens education?3 Did the author accept the job offered by the headmaster?Give evidence from the text to support your view.,南昌航空大学外语学院,Globe Reading2.,Rearrange the

10、Order of the Pictures,3,_,2,_,5,_,1,_,4,_,南昌航空大学外语学院,Globe Reading3.1,True or False,The young man got some information about a job in a London newspaper.,The story doesnt tell us.,F,(),1.,The young man was a college student wanting to find a part-time job.,2.,In Britain,a degree and working experien

11、ce are very important in job hunting.,3.,T,(),He was waiting to enter university.,F,(),4.,When the young man applied for the job,he didnt feel confident.,T,(),南昌航空大学外语学院,Globe Reading3.2,Complete the Missing Information of the Story,1.Three days later,the young man was.2.The journey to the school.3.

12、The young man was so worn out that he.4.The young man was supposed to teach twenty-four boys5 For such demanding work,the young mans salary was.,asked to show up for an interview,_,proved to be long and awkward,_,didnt even feel nervous,_,in turn at three different levels,only 12 a week,_,南昌航空大学外语学院

13、,Globe Reading.1,Part Division of the Text,Main Ideas,Paragraph,Parts,1,1,2,2 5,3,6 9,the reason why the young man wanted to find a job,his disappointing experience to find the job.,the most important reason why he refused the job.,南昌航空大学外语学院,I saw advertised in a local newspaper a teaching post at

14、a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived(Line 1,Para1),My First JobRobert Best,Article1_S1,1.What is the object of“saw”?,The object of“saw”is“a teaching post”.,2.Why does the author write in this way?,Because the object has a lengthy modifier,it needs to be postponed in orde

15、r that the whole sentence has“end weight”.,More example:,We heard from his own lips the story of how he had been caught in a trap for days without food.,南昌航空大学外语学院,I mumbled something about not attaching too much importance to them(Line24,Para 5),Article3_S1,1.What does the last word“them”refers to?

16、,It refer to“games”.,2.Translate this sentence into Chinese.,我含含糊糊地说了一些不必太重视游戏之类的话。,南昌航空大学外语学院,two subjects at which I had been completely incompetent at school(Line 34,para 7),Article4_S2,Why does the author use“at”before“which-clause”?,It has something to do with the word“incompetent”.Usually we u

17、se“be(in)competent at/in sth.”.,More example:,The problem about which I consulted you has now been solved.,He is clever and quick at his work,for which he is honored with the title of a model worker.,南昌航空大学外语学院,Worse perhaps was the idea of Saturday afternoon cricket;most of my friends would be enjo

18、ying leisure at that time.(Line35,Para7),Article4_S3,Paraphrase this sentence.,The idea of Saturday afternoon cricket was perhaps worse for at that time most of my friends would be free.,南昌航空大学外语学院,Before I could protest,he got to his feet(Line39,para8),Article5_S1,Translate this sentence into Chine

19、se.,还没等我提出异议，他已经站了起来。,南昌航空大学外语学院,This was the last straw(Line 41,Para 9),Article5_S2,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,1.Paraphrase this sentence.,This was really the worse coming to the worst and too much to put up with.,More example:,Then when he asked me for money,which was the last str

20、aw,I told him to get out.,2.What can we learn from this sentence?,It shows that the young man had not been satisfied with what the headmaster told him before he learned that headmasters wife was his boss.By the way,the phrase“the last straw”comes from a proverb:It is the last straw that breaks the c

21、amels back.(最后添加的一根稻草压断了骆驼的脊背。),南昌航空大学外语学院,南昌航空大学外语学院,Article1_W_post1,post(Line 2),My First JobRobert Best,1)job or position,He was offered the post of ambassador to Indian.,Your letter must have got lost in the post.,2)the official system for carrying letters,parcels,etc.from one place to another,

22、她受聘在新政府中任职.,She was offered a post in the new government.,南昌航空大学外语学院,Article1_W_be short of,(be)short of(Line 3),I was short of money,so George lent me$20.,not having enough of,in want of,看起来这个年轻人缺乏教学经验。,It seems that the young man is short of teaching experience.,南昌航空大学外语学院,depress:vt.(Line9),Artic

23、le1_W_depress1,I was depressed after reading so much depressing news.,他很沮丧，因为他没有通过考试。,He was depressed because he had not passed his examinations.,1)make sad;discourage,2)press,push or pull down,If you depress the button there,a robot will come out to serve tea.,3)make lower,The OPEC countries depre

24、ssed their oil output a month ago.,南昌航空大学外语学院,depress,discourage&sadden这些动词都有“使不高兴”、“使失望”之意。,Depress:意为“使某人忧愁（沮丧、消沉）”，还可指“贸易萧条”，可表示由外界原因引起的较长时间的悲哀。例如A rise in oil prices depresses the car marketDiscourage:指“使泄气”、“沮丧”。也可指“使阻碍”、“使沮丧”，指试图挫伤某人的热情、减弱其意志或压制其行为。例如Dont discourage her;shes doing her bestSadd

25、en:意为“使沮丧”、“忧愁”，较为常用。例如：He saddened at the memory of her death,南昌航空大学外语学院,undo:vt.,Article3_W_undo,Let me help you undo the buttons on that jacket.,1)unfasten(what is tied or wrapped);untie,2)cancel;bring back the state of affairs,The new President undid many rules set up by the former President.,南昌

26、航空大学外语学院,Article3_W_smell of,There is a smell of fried chicken in this room.,空气中充满了鲜花的香味。,The air was filled with the smell of flowers.,smell of:give out the smell or scent of,南昌航空大学外语学院,Article3_W_vital,These measures are vital to national security.,Water is of vital necessity in the desert.,1)of t

27、he greatest importance,2)full of life or energy,Young girls easily fall in love with the vital and handsome film star.,vital:adj.,南昌航空大学外语学院,Article4_W_in turn,in turn:one after another,in succession,in order,I will talk to you all in turn.,理论的基础是实践，又转过来为实践服务。,Theory is based on practice and in turn

28、 serves practice.,南昌航空大学外语学院,Article4_W_competent1,competent:adj.good enough at doing sth.,skillful,She is competent for her work.,Is he competent as an accountant?,competent的反义词是incompetent，意为“无能力的，不能胜任的”。例如：,be competent for sth.(doing sth.);be competent+to v.;be competent as sth.;be competent at/

29、in sth.,He is an incompetent candidate.,他是一个不合格的候选人。,南昌航空大学外语学院,Article5_W_ultimate,ultimate:adj.greatest;utmost;last or final,The sun is the ultimate source of power.,成为总统是他最终的目标。,Becoming president is his ultimate goal.,ultimate,较正式用词，强调已到了极限。,CF:,ultimate,final&last,这三个词均有“最终的，最后的”之意。,final,last,

30、指一系列事物的最后一个，可表示次序、顺序或时间。,指到达终点，多含果断、明确或最后终结的强烈意味。,南昌航空大学外语学院,After Reading_1.1,申请,地方报纸,教师职位,在郊区,手头拮据,做的可能性很小,结果,太沮丧以至于不感到紧张,apply for,local newspaper,teaching post,in a suburb of,be short of money,the chance of doing sth.is slim,as a result,too depressed to feel nervous,挣扎着活下来,struggle to survive,繁忙

31、的大街,busy main road,布满皱纹的前额,a wrinkled forehead,1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.,Useful expression,南昌航空大学外语学院,不以为然的神态,散发出气味,根据判断,的极为重要的组成部分,重视,没有多少共同语言,从到不等,with an air of disapproval,smell of,judging by,a vital part of,attach much importance to,have very little in common,range from to,教学计划,轮流做,teaching set-

32、up,do sth.in turn,享受闲暇之乐,终于使人不能忍受的最后一击,enjoy leisure,the last straw,12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.,南昌航空大学外语学院,After Reading Activities,南昌航空大学外语学院,After Reading_3,Role Play,Directions:This story can be performed in groups.Student A,B,C,act as Michael,Michaels parents,headmaster,headmasters wife an

33、d so on.The first episode(幕)takes place in Michaels family where Michael tells his parents his plan to apply for the position in the school.The second episode takes place in the headmasters study.,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,Detailed Reading,南昌航空大学外语学院,After Reading_4.1,Giving Synony

34、ms or Antonyms,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,apply,appeal,ask for,interview,meeting,oral examination,local,national,regional,slim,fat,strong,depress,discourage,dishearten,upset,cheer,encourage,disapproval,dislike,criticism,displeasure,objection,dissatisfaction,approval,approbation,undo

35、,loosen,loose,open,reveal,unlock,unfasten,unwind,fasten,tie,stale,decayed,dry,hard,old,tasteless,crisp,fresh,Detailed Reading,lean,slender,thin,南昌航空大学外语学院,After Reading_4.2,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,vital,basic,critical,decisive,essential,fundamental,important,necessary,inessential

36、,unimportant,obviously,certainly,clearly,evidently,plainly,incompetent,incapable,ineffective,inexpert,stupid,unable,unfit,unskillful,useless,able,competent,leisure,ease,freedom,recreation,relaxation,spare time,vacation,work,toil,salary,earnings,income,pay,stipend,wages,Detailed Reading,南昌航空大学外语学院,Af

37、ter Reading_4.3,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,protest,complain,object,disapprove,oppose,accept,prospect,chance,expectation,future,hope,likelihood,possibility,probability,unlikelihood,ultimate,conclusive,eventual,extreme,final,greatest,highest,last,perfect,supreme,utmost,constitute,acco

38、unt for,compose,comprise,establish,form,make up,Detailed Reading,南昌航空大学外语学院,After Reading_5,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,3.我只好将结剪了，因为我解不开。,I had to cut the knot because I couldnt undo it.,5.Alaska是美利坚合众国50个州中最大的一个州。,Alaska is the largest of the fifty states that constitute the USA.,1.

39、我们是一家小企业，所以我们只有能力在当地报刊刊登广告。,We are a small business so we can only afford to advertise in the local newspaper.,2.我要去Manchester大学就我申请的课程进行面谈。,Ive been asked to go for an interview for a course I applied for at Manchester University.,Sentence Translation,4.我没有资格去判断（评价）这两位画家的相对优点（长处）。,I am not qualifie

40、d to judge of the relative merits of the two painters.,Detailed Reading,Directions:Translate the following sentences into English.,南昌航空大学外语学院,A Brief Introduction1.Subordinating conjunction1)Subordinating conjunctions are the words which join together dependent clauses and independent clauses.Subord

41、inators are usually a single word,but there are also a number of multi-word subordinators that function like a single subordinating conjunction.They can be classified according to their use in regard to time,cause and effect,opposition,or condition.See the following table.,After Reading_6.1,Writing

42、Practice-Combining Sentences with Subordinating Conjunctions or Relative Pronouns,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,Detailed Reading,南昌航空大学外语学院,After Reading_6.2,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,Detailed Reading,南昌航空大学外语学院,After Reading_6.3,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Re

43、ading,2)The following are the examples to show how to join together dependent clauses and independent clauses with subordinating conjunctions.Remember,put a comma at the end of the adverbial phrase when it precedes the main clause.,Detailed Reading,南昌航空大学外语学院,After Reading_6.4,Before Reading,Global

44、Reading,After Reading,2.Relative pronoun Relative pronouns are used to link one phrase or clause to another phrase or clause.The relative pronouns are that,which,who,whom,and“whose.”The compounds whichever,whoever,and whomever are also relative pronouns.2)The following are the examples to show how t

45、o link one phrase or clause to another phrase or clause with relative pronouns.,Detailed Reading,南昌航空大学外语学院,After Reading_6.5,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,Detailed Reading,南昌航空大学外语学院,After Reading_6.6,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,3)You promise to behave yourself.You sha

46、ll not go to the party this afternoon.,Unless you promise to behave yourself,you shall not go to the party this afternoon.,1)The ship could not move.There was no wind.,Since there was no wind,the ship could not move.,2)You should stay away from bears.They are dangerous.,You should stay away from bea

47、rs,because they are dangerous.,HomeworkCombine two simple sentences into a complex sentence,using a subordinating conjunction.,Detailed Reading,南昌航空大学外语学院,After Reading_6.7,Before Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,5)My wife was using the computer.I was trying to listen to a broadcast play.,While

48、my wife was using the computer,I was trying to listen to a broadcast play.,4)She was no more than twenty-two.She was already a highly successful businesswoman.,Though she was no more than twenty-two,she was already a highly successful businesswoman.,Detailed Reading,南昌航空大学外语学院,After Reading_6.8,Befo

49、re Reading,Global Reading,After Reading,3)Thats the girl.Her mother is my English teacher.,Thats the girl whose mother is my English teacher.,4)The boy was a philosophy student.Peter shared a flat with this boy.,The boy whom Peter shared a flat with was a philosophy student.,1)Jake is the oldest stu

50、dent in the class.He is always more prepared than I am.,Jake,who is the oldest student in the class,is always more prepared than I am.,2)Renee has been spreading around that rumor.Everyones heard it.,Everyones heard the rumor that Renees been spreading around.,2.Combine two simple sentences into a c