名词性从句语法讲解课件.ppt

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1、我的梦想是我能进入一所重点大学。,My dream is that I can enter a key university.,我能进入一所重点大学是我的梦想。,That I can enter a key university is my dream.,I have a dream that I can enter a key university.,我有一个梦想我能进入一所重点大学,我总是梦想着我能进入一所重点大学。,I always dream that I can enter a key university.,Noun Clause,多由that,wh-疑问词或whatever等关系

2、代词引导,主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，,名词性从句,Whether he will come or not is unknown.,I dont know whether he will come or not,The question is whether he will come or not.,The question whether he will come or not is not settled.,引导名词性从句的三类关联词,that whether if(在从句中不做成分，只 起连接作用)2.what who whom which whose(在从句中做主、表、宾

3、、定成分)3.when why when where(在从句中做状语),其它：That he didnt come to school is because he was ill.She looks as if she has really been there.Things are not as they seemed to be.,二、连接词的选择（1）that 与 what（卷子名从1）,引导名词性从句的三类关联词That a.只起连接作用，不做成分 b.一般不省，只再宾语从句中可省 e.g 1).I know that you are concerned about your sons

4、 safety.2)._ he has set out to prepare for the coming exams is satisfying.,is,That,It is satisfying _he has set out to prepare for the coming exams,2)._ he has set out to prepare for the coming exams is satisfying.,That,(1)主语从句在句子中充当主语，句子的谓语动词用第三人称单数。,(2)主语从句前的that不能省略，仅起连接作用，有时为了保持句子平衡，that从句后置，而由i

5、t作形式主语。,that,1.I cant imagine _ you can sew this piece of cloth without a needle.2.The reason for his being late is _ he missed the bus this morning.3.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.A.while B.that C.if D.so,that/不填,that,B,What,1 在从句中作主，宾，表成分2 可译成“-的东西，话，事情，地方，时间，样子等”“所-”,1 what he

6、said disappointed me.2 A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do.3 a modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago.,what,what,1 _ made the school proud was _ more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.A What;because B What;that C That;what D that;

7、because 2 People have heard what the President has said;they are waiting to see _ he will do.A how B what C when D that,3-Are you still thinking abut yesterdays game?-Oh,thats _.A what makes me feel excited.B whatever I feel excited aboutC How I feel about it D when I feel excited,_is waiting for me

8、 is my brother.,Who,whether与 if在名词性从句中的用法区别,而whether可引导包括宾语从句在内的其他名词性从句。,Whether/if 表疑问，“是否”,宾语从句中，whether常与 or not搭配，可以说whether or not,而不说if or not.,whether可用在介词后，或带to不定式前，if则不可。,If：只用于Vt宾语从句&不在句首的主语从句 a.I dont know whether/if he will come b._.or not c.It depends on _ you will give the chance.d._ h

9、e can afford to buy such a car is still a question.,whether,whether,Whether,e.It is doubtful _he is coming.g.The point is _ he will inform me of the news.,whether/if,whether,2.连接代词（a.引导词 b.做从句的成分）,I am satisfied with _ you said.I dont know_ the place used to be I know _ you want to talk to There are

10、 many books.Can you tell me _ book you like best.You can show me _ is your monitor.You can tell me _ book it is.you can give the book to _ wins first place,which,what,what,who/whom,who,whose,whoever,America was _ was first called“India”by Columbus.A.that B.where C.what You cant imagine _ a beautiful

11、 girl she is.A.how B.what C.that D.who._ matters most in learning English is enough practice.A.what B.which C.where D.which,C,B,A,3.连接副词（a.连接 b.做从句中的状语）when/where/why/how/how many/how much.1)I dont know _ he will go.2)Can you explain _you were late this morning?3)_he will come here isnt decided.4)th

12、is is _ I was late this morning _I was born in 1971 _ I worked out the problem.,where,why,How/when,why,where,how,It is _ you left it.Scientists and engineers are often judged by _ great their achievements are.You dont know _ fast he runs.,how,how,where,1 所有的名词性从句缺主，宾，表都用what 引导，但要考虑到人2 所有的名词性从句都用陈述语

13、气。3 引导词缺什么补什么。,Exercise,_ life will be like in the future is difficult to predict.It is true _ he settled the argument.They are careful about _ they eat.The discussion topic for today is _ schools will be like in the future._ most of these are now threatened and may disappear is a serious matter to

14、the people in Britain.,what,that,what,what,That,语法:填上适当的关连词完成以下名词性从句.1_is to take Li Mings place is being discussed2I got very angry with_he said3My idea is_we should get more people to finish the work4I wonder_it is true or not5The problem is_we could help smokers kick their habit,Who,what,that,whe

15、ther,how,1.The news which our team had won pleased everyone_2.I dont doubt whether he can work out the problem_3.I have been worrying about if I have hurt her feeling_4I dont know that he wants_,whichthat,whetherthat,ifwhether,thatwhat,5.The reason why he didnt come is because he was ill._6.Who walk

16、s around in such a heavy rain will catch a cold_7I think important that we learn English well_8Its not certain that the sports meet will be held_,becausethat,WhoWhoever,importantit important,thatwhether,9This is the suggestion which we have a trip the day after tomorrow_10China is a great socialist

17、country is well known_,whichthat,ChinaThat China,6.They realize _ it is of great value to record the tradition.7.The result of so much French influence was _ the English language ended up with many French words such as table,animal and age.Exx.1.Some one is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _.A.who is

18、 he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is,that,that,D,2.What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.A.when B.if C.whether D.why3.Little Tommy was reluctant(a.不情愿的,勉强的)to tell the schoolmaster _ he had done the day before.A.that B.how C.where D.what 4._ fashi

19、on differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.A.What B.That C.This D.Which,C,D,B,5.The road is covered with snow.I cant understand _ they insist on going by motorbike.A.why B.where C.what D.how 6.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth,_ our astrona

20、uts desire to do is walk in space.A.where B.what C.that D.how,A,B,1.When we will start is not clear.2.Mrs Black wont believe that her son has become a thief.3.My idea is that we should do it right now.4.I had no idea that you were her friend.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,I 名词性从句的种类,The news that our team ha

21、s won the match is true.His delay is due to the fact that the car broke down halfway.,同位语从句,同位语从句一般跟在名词fact,news,promise,truth,belief,thought,idea,answer,doubt,hope,law,knowledge,opinion,suggestion information,plan,后面,用以说明或解释前面的名词的具体内容.,2.在have no idea 之后常用wh-引导同位语从句.,I have no idea where he has gon

22、e.I have no idea when he did it.I have no idea what he did.,注:1.that 引导同位语从句与that 引导定语从句的区别:引导同位语从句的that 无实际意义,不作从句的任何成分,而引导定语从句的that 从句的某个成分.,He told me the news that our team won the match.He told me the news that was very exciting.We are interested in the news that some foreigners would visit our

23、 school.We are interested in the news that he told us.,2.He asked_for a violin.（MET92）A.did I pay how much B.I paid how much C.how much did I pay D.how much I paid,规律二：1.从句是陈述句转化而来的，不缺成分，不含有疑问意义。由that 引导且that连词在从句中不作成分,主语从句,同谓语从句,表语从句that不可以省略,在宾语从句中that 常可省略That he will come and help us is certain.

24、John said(that)he would attend the meeting.The trouble is that I have forgotten her name.,2.从句是由一般疑问句转化而来，含有疑问意义,不缺成分。由whether，if 引导.I worry about whether/if he can pass the exam.The question is whether it is worth doing.,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.2.It depe

25、nds on if the weather is suitable for us to do it.3.The question is if he himself will be present at the meeting.4.He asked me if I could go with him or not.,Whether we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.,It depends on whether the weather is.,The question is whether he himself will be presen

26、t.,He asked me whether I could go with him or not.,规律三：whether和if的区别：,主语从句只能用whether,表语从句中只能用whether,宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时用whether,后面跟or(not)或to do连用时用 whether,3.从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来，含有疑问意义的,缺成分的。由wh-连词或how引导在从句中作成分。连接代词what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever，连接副词where/when/why/how/wherever/w

27、henever。Who will go makes no difference.That is where he was born.Tell me what he said.,特殊情况：1.在seem,appear后的表语从句中可接that引导的从句,而look则不可.2.这三个词后都可用as if/as though 引导从句.It seems/appears that he was late for the train yesterday.It seems/appears/looks as if we have to go home on foot.,II引导词的选择,1._ we can

28、t get seems better than _we have.A.What,what B.What,that C.That,that D.That,what,2.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.Awhile Bthat Cif Dfor,3.What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon Awhen Bhow Cwhether Dwhy,4 made the school proud was mor

29、e than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities.AWhatbecause BWhatthat CThatwhatDThatbecause,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.2.That is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeting.3.Everybody considers it impossibl

30、e which he wants to finish the job in such a short time.4.It doesnt matter that you will come or not.,it,it,that,whether,规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况 下可以借助“it”而后置。,1.主语从句可以用it（作形式主语）来替换成以下几种结构表达。(A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/adj.that It is certain that he will come to see me.(B)It is a pity/shame/good i

31、dea/no wonder/n.that.It is a shame that he didnt pass the exam.,（C）It is said/reported/believed/known/thought/suggested that It is said that Brazil will win in the World Cup.（D）It seems/happens thatIt seems that he has finished his homework.,2.宾语从句可以用it（作形式宾语）来替换的句型为：主语谓语itadj./n.从句如：I think it nece

32、ssary that we have the meeting,He will believe whatever others say.（不能用no matter what代替whatever）Whatever others say,he will believe it.（可以用no matter what代替whatever）,规律五：whatever,whichever,whoever,whenever,wherever,however 等与 no matter what,no matter which,no matter who,no matter when,no matter where

33、,no matter how 的区别:前者既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，而 no matter 加疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。,1.Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests.A.anyone B.whomever C.whoever D.no matter who,2._ much advice I gave him,he did exactly what he wanted to do.A.How B.Whatever C.However D.No matter,3.It is generally con

34、sidered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever,另外，在名词性从句的复习过程中，我们还须特别注意以下问题：,填空:The reason _ we didnt trust him is _ he has often lied,reason 后面的表语从句只能用that 引导,不能用because 引导,但reason后面的定语从句可以用why 或者that 引导。,why,that,名词从句与定语从句的一些对应系：1.He has done what he c

35、an to help me.-He has done _ _ he can to help me.What I want to say has nothing to do with it.-_ _ I want to say has nothing to do with it.,all that,All that,3.Whoever breaks the law is to be punished._ _ breaks the law is to be punished.4.He will give the dictionary to whoever needs if most.He will

36、 give the dictionary to _ _ needs it most.5.Well remember whomever we turned to for help.Well remember _ _ we turned to for help.,Anyone who,anyone who,anyone(whom),6.They will do whatever he wants them to do.They will do _ _he wants them to do.7.Ill read whichever book you give me.Ill read _ of the

37、 books _ you give me.,anything that,any,that,巩固练习,1.The question is _ the film is worth seeing Aif Bwhat Cwhether Dhow 2.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right Athat what BWhat that Cthat Dwhether,3.Dr.Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge,I cant remember_.Awhere Bthere Cwhich

38、Dthat 4.Energy is _ makes things work AWhat Beverything Csomething Danything,5.The reason _ I have to go is_ my mother is ill in bed A.why;why B.why;because C.why;that D.that;because 6.He doesnt think the question _ they are men or women is important A.whether B.if C.which D.why,7.I ask her _ come w

39、ith me.if she will B.if will she C.whether will she D.will she 8._ he said is true.What B.That C.Which D.Whether,9.Can you tell me _?who is that gentleman B.that gentleman is who C.who that gentleman is D.whom is that gentleman 10.He didnt know which room _.they lived B.they lived in C.did they live

40、 D.did they live in,11.To get the job started,_ I need is some money.only what B.all what C.all that D.only that 12.I have no idea _ far the railway station is from here.A.what B.how C.its D.that,13.Can you tell me _ the railway station?A.how I can get to B.what can I get to C.where I can got to D.w

41、here can I get to 14.Do you know _?A.what is his name B.how is his name C.what his name is D.how his name is,21.Go and get your coat.Its _ you left it.there B.where C.there where D.where there 22._ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.What B.That C.The fact D.The matter,23.I drove to

42、Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that _ you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.what D.where 24.These wild flowers are so special that I would do _ I can to save them.A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever,25.Do you remember _ he came?Yes,I do.He came by car.A.how B.when C.that D.if 26._ well go ca

43、mping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 27.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever,28._ you dont like him is none of my business.A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether 29.You cant imagine _ when they received th

44、ese nice Christmas presents.how they were excited B.how excited they were C.how excited were they D.they were how excited,30._ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A.What B.That C.How D.Where 31.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella._ I got wet through.Its the reason B.Thats why C.Ther

45、es why D.Its how,Good-bye!,1.误：I dont know if he comes back this month.2.误：I have no idea what had happened when I was away.,正：I dont know if he will come back this month.,正：I have no idea what happened when I was away.,3.误：The reason is because he is ill.4.误：Who leaves last turns off the light.,正：T

46、he reason is that he is ill.,正：Whoever leaves last turns off the light.,一.相关概念,1.名词：表示人或事物的名称的词2.名词的句法作用：名词在句中主要作主语,宾语,表语和同位语。另外还可以作定语,状语。3.名词性从句：在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主 语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫:名词性从句。,1.When we will start is not clear.2.Mrs Black wont believe that her son has become a thief.3.My idea is that we should do it right now.4.I had no idea that you were her friend.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,I 名词性从句的种类,