八年级其中复习知识点.ppt

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1、anything interesting 一些有趣的东西1）something，anything，nothing，everything是指物的不定代词。somebody，someone，anybody，anyone，nobody，everybody，everyone是指人的不定代词。somewhere，anywhere，nowhere，everywhere是指地点的不定代词。2）当形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代词时，放在这些词的后面；3）这些不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：Is everybody here?大家都到齐

2、了吗？something，somebody，someone，somewhere用于肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中，而anything，anybody，anyone，anywhere用于否定句及疑问句中。如：Did you do anything interesting?你做了有趣的事吗？（表疑问）Why dont you visit someone with me?你为什么不跟我一起去拜访下某个人呢？（表建议）,buy sth.for sb.或 buy sb.sth如：My parents often buy some books for me.=My parents often buy m

3、e some books.我父母经常给我买书。,quite a few 相当多a few 与 a little 的区别，few 与 little 的区别 a few 一些 修饰可数名词 a little 一些 修饰不可数名词 两者都表肯定意义 如：He has a few friends.他有一些朋友。There is a little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里有一些糖。few 少数的 修饰可数名词 little 少数的修饰不可数名词 但两者都表否定意义 如：He has few friends.他没有几个朋友。There is little sugar in the

4、bottle.在瓶子里没有多少糖。,bored 作形容词，意为“烦闷的；厌倦的”其主语是某人；boring 也是形容词，其主语是某物。如：My parents ask me to do homework all day.I feel bored.我父母整天叫我做作业，我感到很厌倦。Doing homework all day is a little boring.整天做作业有点无聊。相类似的词语还有：interested adj.感兴趣的 interesting adj.有趣的 surprised adj.感到惊奇的surprising adj.惊奇的 tired 累的 tiring 令人疲惫

5、的 excited 兴奋的 exciting 令人兴奋/激动的 amazed 惊讶的 amazing 令人惊讶的,get to/reach/arrive 相同点：都是“到达“的意思不同点：get to+地点/reach+地点arrive at+小地点,车站等)arrive in+大地点（国家等）注意：若他们后面要加地点副词here,there,home等，则不需要加介词。enjoy doing sth.喜欢做乐意做 如：She enjoys playing football.她喜欢踢足球。enjoy oneself 过得愉快 如：He enjoyed himself.他过得很愉快。跟它意思相近

6、的词组还有have a good great time,have fun。,decide 意为“决定”，是动词,它的名词形式为decision。,decide to do sth.decide on doing sth.决定做某事 make a decision to do sth.决定不要做某事，要用decide not to do sth.。如：Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing.李雷已经决定去北京。,because of,because：,because of+名词/代词/名词性短语 I had to move because of my job.be

7、cause+从句 如：I do it because I like it.,enough 足够,形容词enough 如：beautiful enough足够漂亮enough名词如：enough food 足够食物,enough to 足够去做如：I have enough money to go to Beijing.我有足够的钱去北京。She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。,How often do you watch TV?你多久看一次电视？Twice a week.一周两次。（1）how often表示“多久一次”，是对动作的频率进行提问。可

8、用于回答表示频率的副词，如always,usually,often,sometimes,hardly ever,never等，或用于回答表示频率的短语，如once a day(一天一次)，twice a week(一周两次)，four times a month(一个月四次)，every day(每一天)等。如：How often does he surf the Internet?他多久在网上冲浪一次？Once a week.一周一次。（2）twice a week 意思是“一周两次”是一个表示频率的短语，表示频率的短语一般是由“次数a时间名词”构成；表示“一次或两次”时，一般用once和t

9、wice表示，而表示“三次或三次以上”时，则用“数词times”结构。如：once a month(一个月一次)，twice a day(一天两次)，three times a week(一周三次），five times a year(一年五次)等。,She says its good for my health.她说那对我的健康有益。（1）be good for意思是“对有好处”。如：Doing exercise is good for our health.进行锻炼对我们的身体有好处【辨析】：be good for,be good at 与be good to,health是一个名词，意思

10、是“健康”，它的形容词形式是healthy，意思是“健康的”。如：My grandmother is over 80 years old,but she is very healthy.我奶奶八十多岁了，但她非常健康。We should keep in good health.我们要保持健康。,help with sth.如：They help with this problem.help sb.do.如：They help you relax.他们帮助你放松,although为连词，意思是“尽管；虽然”，表示转折关系，同义词有though。与but作用相同，但是用法不同。特别注意英、汉在此意

11、义上的表达区别：汉语中经常说“虽然但是”，但在英语中，although和but不能同时使用，即“虽然”和“但是”只能用其一。如：Although I get up early,I cant catch the early bus.=I get up early,but I cant catch the early bus.尽管我起得很早，但还是没有赶上早班车。,He has shorter hair than Sam.他的头发比萨姆的短。than 比（用于形容词，副词的比较级之后）当两个人或者物进行比较时，要用形容词的比较级。“比较级+than”表示“比.更.”。一般形容词或副词的比较级是在词

12、后加-er。但要注意比较的对象。如：I am taller than Jim.我比吉姆高。This book is more interesting than that one.这本书比那本书有趣。形容词和副词的比较级、最高级大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：1）原级（不作比较），修饰词very,so,too,pretty,really；2)比较级，表示“较”或“更”的意思（两者之间进行比较）,标志词than,A or B,of the two,修饰词much,a lot,a little；3）最高级，表示“最”的意思（三者或三者以上作比较），形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the，后面可带in（o

13、f）短语来什么比较的范围。,形容词和副词的比较级和最高级不规则变化：,（1）比较级前可加much,far,even,still,a lot,a little,a bit 等词修饰，不可加very.(2)比较级+and+比较级（越来越.)如 taller and taller或more and more popular(3)The+比较级，the+比较级（越.就越.)如The more books she reads,the better she understands.,Tara works as hard as Tina.塔拉学习跟蒂娜一样努力。“.（not）as+形容词或副词原级+as.”

14、是一种原级比较，意思为“.和.(不)一样”。.not as+形容词或副词原级+as.表示双方在某个方面不同。如：His English is not as good as hers.他英语不如她的好。He doesnt work as hard as his brother.他没有他哥哥工作努力。,辨析beat/win 相同点：都是动词，表示“赢”不同：beat+人 win+比赛，竞赛，战争等名词。如：We played very well,and beat them.They won the match this time.,I think a good friend makes me la

15、ugh.,牢记：make sb.do sth.使某人做某事 make+宾语+形容词 使某人/某事怎样 如：Our teacher makes us work ten hours a day.,both 与 all both 指代两者；all指代三者或三者以上 如：My parents are both fine。我父母都好。We are all here。我们都在这儿。,Its not necessary to be the same.Its+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.It是形式主语，to do sth.是真正主语。意为“某人做某事怎么样”如：It is easy for

16、me to make friends.我交朋友很容易。,一、有些动词只能接不定式做宾语。例如：help，hope，ask，refuse（拒绝），decide，promise，wish，pretend，expect，learn，plan，manage，agree，fail，offer，happen，seem等等。构成词组want sb.to do sth.ask sb.to do sth.tell sb.to do sth.expect sb.to do sth.wish sb to do sth.hope to do sth.be/get ready to do sth.decide to do sth.choose to do sth.help sb.(to)do sth.plan to do sth.seem to do sth.,二、有些动词或短语只接动名词（doing)做宾语：mind，finish，enjoy，suggest，consider，miss，keep(on)，avoid，stand(忍受)，allow，practice，give up，put off，look forward to，feel like，preventfrom，cant help，be/get used to，be worth doing，be busy doing,