《信息管理与信息系统专业英语》ER.ppt
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1、信息管理与信息系统专业英语Unit3Introduction to MIS,ERP&SCR-Part II(ERP)Part III(SCR),Part II-ERP,In this session,we will cover the following parts:ERPEnterprise Resource PlanningA brief history introduction of ERP-ERP历史简介Definition of ERPWhy use ERP?Advantages(优势)and disadvantages(劣势)of ERPSCR Supply Chain Revol
2、ution(To read by yourself),Part II-ERP,Vocabulary:logistics-n 物流,后勤replenishment-n 补给,补充consistency-n 一致性integration-n 整合性piecemeal-n 逐个完成的functionality-n 功能性module-n 模块embed-v 植入merger-n 合并,归并interface-n 分界面,界面processor-n 信息处理机configure-n 配置,设定,Part II-ERP,Vocabulary:Economies of scale规模经济Run-time-
3、运行时间Millennium Bug-千年虫Supply chain-供应链Enterprise resource planning-企业资源规划Customer relationship management-客户关系管理,Part II-ERP,A brief history introduction of ERP MRP(Material Requirements Planning)evolved from the 1960s need to manage demand and ordering.物料需求规划系统是由上世纪60年代管理和订货的需要逐步发展而来的。MRP II was de
4、veloped in the 1970s to bring both demand and time phasing of the demand into the planning process.上世纪70年代发展起来的 MRP 二代,它的规划流程中包含了总体需求和局部某一期间段的需求。,Part II-ERP,A brief history introduction of ERP At the same time,Accounting Management solutions gain strength.ERP,developed from earlier MRPII systems,we
5、re also integrated with financial applications to provide a complete solution to a company for managing their inventory,cash and people resources.同时,它加强了财务管理措施。由早期的MRPII 系统发展起来的ERP,它集成了财务应用功能,为企业提供了一整套管理账目(库存),资金和人力资源的解决方案。,Part II-ERP,A brief history introduction of ERP Enterprise Resource Planning
6、(ERP)is born in the early 1960s from a joint effort between J.I.Case,the manufacturer of tractors and other construction machinery,and partner IBM.上世纪六十年代早期,在生产牵引机和其它的工程机械的制造商-J.I.Case及其合作伙伴IBM合作开发下,第一个ERP系统诞生了。,Part II-ERP,A brief history introduction of ERP Material Requirements Planning or MRP is
7、 the initial effort.This application software serves as the method for planning and scheduling materials for complex manufactured products 这个应用软件可以被看作是一种系统(MRP系统可以被用作一种方法),它的基本功能是规划和管理用于制造复杂产品的原材料。,Part IIERP-Definition of ERP,A brief introduction of ERP ERP modules may be able to interface with an
8、organizations own software with varying degrees of effort,and,depending on the software,视软件情况而定,ERP 模块能够不同程度地与组织机构拥有的软件进行接口。,Part IIERP-Definition of ERP,A brief introduction of ERP An ERP system can include software for manufacturing,order entry,accounts receivable and payable,general ledger,purcha
9、sing,warehousing,transportation and human resources。一个ERP系统应包含如下软件功能块:制造业务,订单录入,收款和付款账目,总体分类账目,原料购买,仓库业务,交通运输和人力资源。,Part IIERP-Definition of ERP,Definition of ERP Enterprise resource planning(ERP)system is one of the major software components(组件)of logistics(物流)information systems,is an integrated i
10、nformation system that serves all departments within an enterprise.ERP系统是物流信息系统的主要的软件组件之一,是一个服务于企业内部各部门的集成信息系统。,Part IIERP-Definition of ERP,Definition of ERP ERP implies the use of packaged software rather than proprietary software written for one customer.ERP使用的是套装软件,但这些软件不是为某一个顾客而开发的专用软件。,Part II
11、ERP-Definition of ERP,Why/how questions?why using/developing ERP?()What are advantages and disadvantages of ERP?,Part IIERP-Rationale for ERP implementation,Why developing ERP?When firms introduced extensive(大量)computing to control and monitor operations and financials in the early 1970s,much of the
12、 development was completed piecemeal(一块一块地).在20世纪七十年代初,当公司引入大量计算技术来控制和监控经营和财务情况时,大部分开发是逐步完成的。The financial and accounting systems were typically introduced(引进)first,followed by some type of sales and order management system.首先引进的是财务和会计系统,接着是一些的销售和订单管理系统。,Part IIERP-Rationale for ERP implementation,W
13、hy developing ERP?When additional functionality was needed,other applications were developed or purchased.当需要其它功能时,就需要开发或购买其它的应用系统。These added modules frequently used inconsistent processes,conflicting assumption,and redundant data.这些添加的模块经常使用不协调的进程,冲突假设,和冗余数据。,Part IIERP-Rationale for ERP implement
14、ation,Why developing ERP?In some cases functional systems were developed internally by the firm to fit internal work processes.The result was a series of legacy systems that incorporated(包含)much of the firms history regarding processes and information but was unique in terms of(就.而言)processes,capabi
15、lities,and features.在一些情况下,公司开发功能系统来适应内部工作流程。结果是留下了一系列的遗留系统,这些系统包含了公司的发展史和公司信息,但就其流程,能力和特征而言又是独有的。,Part IIERP-Rationale for ERP implementation,Why developing ERP?Since processing and storage hardware were often very expensive at the time these legacy systems were introduced,their developers often us
16、ed sophisticated(精密的)and complex programming techniques to minimize storage and run-time requirements.在引进这些遗留系统的时候,由于存储和处理硬件通常很贵,因此他们的开发人员通常采用即复杂而又精密的编程技术来最小化存储和运行时候的硬件要求。,Part IIERP-Rationale for ERP implementation,Why developing ERP?As an example,many of these legacy systems included programs with
17、 the Year 2000 Millennium(一千年)Bug(Y2K)embedded(嵌入)into the operation logic.举一个例子:许多旧系统都有嵌入到操作逻辑的千年虫程序。By only storing two digits of the year,less disk storage was required to store dates,thus reducing the cost of the technology.由于只存储年份的两位数,要求较少的磁盘空间存储日期,从而大大减少了技术成本。,Part IIERP-Rationale for ERP impl
18、ementation,Why developing ERP?This combination of events relating to legacy systems along with the availability of relatively inexpensive information-storage technology caused firms to reinvest in their enterprise systems during the 1990s.And firms were also looking to enhance their internal integra
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