ENGLISH-详细讲解-句子成分主谓宾.ppt

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1、句子成分,组成句子的各个组成部分叫句子成分：,1.主语:是一个句子的主干部分之一,主语表明是“什么人”，“什么事”.通常由名词,代词,动词不定式,动名词来充当.,1.Lucy likes her new bike.2.We work hard.3.To learn a foreign language is not easy.4.Playing football after school is great fun.,主,谓,宾,定,状,补,表,2.谓语:说明主语做什么或怎么样。通常由动词充当.动词常分为实义动词,连系动词,情态动词和助动词.,1.they work very hard.2.To

2、m feels much better now.(系动词:表示状态,后面往往接形容词 seem get is am are sound smell look become),情态动词和助动词不能单独充当谓语,必须和实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语.,They can speak English well.They are playing over there.,3.表语：跟在连系动词后面的词语或从句,用来说明主语的身份,特征,状态.,My sister is a nurse.The trees turn green.The flower is beautiful.To see is to beli

3、eve.,3.宾语：动作行为的对象，说明主语做什么。一般放在及物动词或介词后面.由名词,代词,数词,动词不定式,动名词和宾语从句构成.,1.We study English.2.I saw him yesterday.3.He wanted to have a pen.4.She likes playing basketball.5.Our teacher said that he would go there.,双宾语：指人的是间接宾语，指物的是直接宾语。He gave me two books.,4.定语:用来修饰名词或代词的词.形容词,形容词性物主代词,名词,不定式,介词短语,不定代词等

4、.This is a red car.The building is their teaching building.The woman doctor is my wife.I have something to tell you.The man in front of the gate is Mr.Li.Every student has an English book.,5.状语:说明动作或状态特征修饰用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或整个句子.副词,介词短语,动词不定式,以及 after,when,as soon as,until,if,before等引起的从句.,You are quite

5、right.They often draw in the park.We came here in order to learn English.If it rains tomorrow,we will stay at home.,6.宾补：补充说明宾语。(宾语和宾补之间有逻辑上的主谓关系）,宾语+宾补叫复合宾语，复合宾语有以下几种类型：1 名词（代词）+不定式 2 名词（代词）+分 词 3 名词（代词）+名 词 4 名词（代词）+形容词,1 名词（代词）+不定式John asked me to help him.Let him go home.I saw her come out of th

6、e room.,名词（代词）+分词（现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动）,I found him standing at the gate.She could feel her heart beating violently.He spoke slowly in order to make himself understood.He spoke loudly in order to make himself heard.,名词（代词）+名词（作宾补的表示独一无二的职位前不加the.),They appointed her head of the English Department.They

7、made him captain of the ship.,名词（代词）+形容词 We must keep the room clean.We found her busy.I found the story interesting.,简单句的五种基本句型,1 主语+谓语（不及物动词）（S+Vi型）,He came.She dances.,2 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语(S+Vt+O),I saw her.They like watching TV.,3 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+Vt+IO+DO)(IO indirect),I gave her a book.She showed her friends all the pictures.,4 主语+连系动词+表语(S+V+P),I am a student.She looks very young.,5 主语+谓语+宾语+宾补(S+Vt+O+OC),I asked Mary to help me.We call our headmaster a wise man.,Thank you,