高三英语第一轮复习-知识梳理10-1、2.ppt

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1、Book 10 Units 13 基础落实.高频单词思忆1.He showed remarkable(忍耐力)throughout his illness.2.New equipment is(急切地)needed.3.Despite a number of setbacks，they(坚持)in their attempts to fly around the world in a balloon.,endurance,urgently,persisted/persevered,4.I would like to express(感激)to everyone for their hard w

2、ork.5.Her husband has been(欺骗)her for years.6.The illness is usually(致命的).7.A large sum has been（分配）for buying new books for the library.8.They broke the law（禁止）the sale of alcohol.9.（全能的）God,have mercy on us.10.Im sure he meant no（冒犯）when he said that.,gratitude,deceiving,terminal,allocated,prohibi

3、ting,Almighty,offence,11.In such c,we had better send him to hospital immediately.12.You should try to g the meaning of his words.13.I hope the meeting will take place without d.14.As a student,you should always be modest and r to the old.15.I dont want to keep you along,so let me be b.,ircumstances

4、,rasp,elay,espectful,rief,.重点短语再现1.封闭2.让路；让步3.发出（蒸汽、光等）4.移交（权利、责任）5.关怀，照顾；计较6.听完7.代表8.毫无疑问9.大胆地说；大声地10.整理；把打包,block out,give way to,give off,hand over,care for,hear.out,on behalf of,beyond question,speak out,pack up,11.出名12.抓住；利用13.活过；实践14.混乱15.喜爱,make a name,seize on,live out,in chaos,be fond of,.典

5、型句式运用1.Our circumstances are so desperate that it is uncertain whether we will ever return alive.我们所处的环境是那么令人绝望以致于我们不敢肯定是否能活着回去。return alive中的alive在句中作语，表示，形容词作伴随状语时常位于句首或句末，用来描述 所处的状态。,考点提炼,主语的状态,主语,状,2.Try harder,Cordelia,or you may lose your share of the kingdom.好好想一想，科迪 亚，否则你可能会失去你应得的那份土地。这是“”句型

6、，陈述句表示结果，祈使句表示条件。该 句型中的祈使句也可以省略成名词短语。,考点提炼,祈使句+or/and+陈述句,3.It was not until November 13,1956 that the US Supreme Court declared separation on buses was not constitutional.直到1956年11月13日美国最高法院才判定公交车上的种族隔离是不符合宪法的。It was not until.that.是 句型。强调not.until结构中。,考点提炼,强,调,until所引导,的时间状语,4.I have a dream that

7、my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.我有一个梦想，那就是有一天我的四个孩子将在一个不是以他们的肤色，而是以他们的品格优劣来评价他们的国度里生活。a dream后的that从句是 从句，同位语从句是用来 的，这些名词常见的有,考点提炼,同位语,说明前面名词的具体内,容,fact,news,hope,truth,idea,suggestio

8、n,thought,question,promise,order,story,problem,fear,belief,word,message,information,proof,announcement,desire,doubt,answer,proposal,advice,condition等。,导练互动重点单词1.delay.,the fear that we might never know their fate and possible,.(回归课本P9)观察思考I have delayed my return home because of the bad weather.由于天气

9、不好我已推迟回家。They agreed to delay the decision for as long as possible.,delays,他们同意尽量推迟做出决定。Try to find the reason for any delay in payment.想办法找出推迟付款的原因。After a long delay,the plane finally took off.飞机在长时间的延误之后终于起飞了。归纳总结delay v.&n.。doing sth.sth.without delay=quickly毫不延迟地，迅速地delay in doing sth.没有及时做某事,耽

10、搁，延迟,推迟（做）某事,delay,易混辨异delay,postpone,put off在表示“推迟某事”时，可以互换。The flight was delayed/postponed/put off due to the bad weather.由于天气不好，航班被推迟了。但它们又有细微的差别：（1）delay强调因某种困难或障碍延误，动作主体是人或困难本身，延迟的时间不确定，也可能是无限延迟。My father fell ill all of a sudden,which delayed our trip.父亲突然病倒了，延迟了我们的旅行。,(2)postpone动作主体是人，表示有意识

11、地推迟，延迟的时间确定。Because of the heavy rain,we have decided to postpone our sports meeting until next Monday.由于下大雨，我们已经决定把运动会推迟到下周一。（3）put off强调“拖延时间”，指因客观原因造成的拖延或主观上有意的拖延。Youre always putting off things.You should get rid of this bad habit.你做事总是拖拉，你得克服这个坏习惯。,即学即用（1）他没有马上把消息告诉她，等有了适当的时 机再说。He,waiting for

12、the right moment.（2）我很抱歉拖了这么久。Im sorry that.（3）我们的飞机因大雾而延迟了。Our plane by the heavy fog.（4）拖了那么久，他终于完成了论文。,he finished his paper at last.,delayed telling her the news,Ive delayed so long,was delayed,After much delay,（5）我的医生劝我立即戒烟。My doctor advised me to give up smoking.,without delay,2.select.and he

13、would five others to go to South Georgia and bring help.（回归课本P3）观察思考I was selected for the team.我被选入这个队。You can select one of four colors.你可以从四种颜色中挑一种。归纳总结select v.。selection n.挑选，选择；选拔selective adj.选择的，有选择性的selectivity n.选择性,select,选择，挑选,易混辨异choose,elect,select(1)choose是常用词，指凭个人的判断或意愿在所提供的人或物中挑选。Ch

14、oose friends carefully.择友要谨慎。We choose him(as)our monitor.我们选他当班长。(2)elect多指选举。They elected a new mayor.他们选举了一位新市长。(3)select是正式用词，主要指从许多同类的人或物中按客观标准对质量进行比较、鉴别，认真地选出最喜欢的。Please select a few nice apples for mother.请给妈妈挑几个好苹果。,即学即用用choose,select,elect的适当形式填空(1)There are ten to from and I dont know whic

15、h to choose.(2)Before the meeting began,a great deal of time was spent the chairman.(3)The citizens _ Barack Obama as president of the United States in November,2008.,choose,selecting,elected,3.distributeGoneril,Regan,I shall distribute my kingdom between the two of you.(回归课本P13)观察思考Distribute this

16、among you.把这个分给你们。Plastika distributes our products in the UK.普拉斯蒂卡公司在英国经销我们的产品。Make sure that your weight is evenly distributed.注意让你的体重分布均匀。,归纳总结distribute。distribute.over.把配给到/分配到/散布于distribute sth.to.把某物分配/发给distribute sth.among.把某物分配/发给易混辨异distribute,divide,allocate三个词都有“分配”的意思。(1)distribute指“将某

17、物分成一定的部分或数量，通常各份的数量不一定相等，然后分给某些人或地方”。distribute leaflets分发传单,vt.分发；分销；使分布,(2)divide指“把整体分为若干部分”。divide it into two把它分成两份(3)allocate指“分配一定数量的财物或任务给某些人、单位或事业等”。Weve allocated a sum of money to education.我们已经拨出了一笔教育经费。即学即用（1）这笔款项是在本地区的学校中分配的。The money _ schools in the area.,was distributed among,（2）一个句

18、子可以划分成有意义的各个部分。A sentence can _ meaningful segments.（3）正在调拨更多的资源给这个项目。More resources are _ the project.,be divided up into,being allocated to,4.suspectI the same,.（回归课本P18）观察思考I suspected him of taking my money.我怀疑他拿了我的钱。He seems poor but I suspect that he has quite a lot of money.他看上去很穷，但是我怀疑他有很多钱。

19、I suspect him to be the pickpocket.我认为他就是那个扒手。,suspected,归纳总结suspect v.。suspect sb.of sth./doing sth.怀疑某人（做过）某事suspect sb.to be.怀疑某人是suspect n.嫌疑，犯罪嫌疑人suspected adj.被怀疑的suspicious adj.怀疑的，猜疑的suspicion n.怀疑，猜疑,怀疑，猜疑；认为,即学即用（1）你认为警察会怀疑谁谋杀了这位老人？_ do you think _ murdering the old man by the police?（2）他怀

20、疑她拿走了他的词典。He suspected her _.,Who,is suspected of,of taking his dictionary,5.seizeKing and the other black leaders in Montgomery have _ on this incident.（回归课本P22）观察思考Before he could run away,the policeman seized him by the collar.他还没来得及逃跑，警察就抓住了他的领子。The army seized the fort.军队占领了这个要塞。The rumours wer

21、e eagerly seized upon by the local press.当地报章迫不及待地对这些传闻加以炒作。,seized,归纳总结seize vt.。seize on/upon sth.突然大为关注；抓住（可利用的事物）be seized with突然生了某病；突然产生某种想法seize hold of抓住seize control(of)夺取控制权,抓住；夺取；理解,即学即用(1)Youd better _(抓住机会再试试).(2)I didnt(理解他说的 话).(3)He(突然生了某病)illness.,seize the opportunity and,try again

22、,seize what he said,was seized with,6.dominate.and still _ political issues as well as everyday life.（回归课本P30）观察思考She tends to dominate the conversation.她往往会在谈话中占支配地位。Barcelona completely dominated the first half of the match.巴塞罗那队在上半场完全占据了优势。Dont allow the computer to dominate your childrens life.不

23、要让电脑主宰了你孩子的生活。,dominate,归纳总结dominate _ 支配；控制；占优势。dominance n.支配地位；优势achieve dominance取得优势；实现支配地位ensure dominance确保优势/支配地位domination n.控制；统治即学即用(1)As a child,he(受他母亲的控制).(2)He has been a(举足轻 重的人物)in her life.(3)Men often(占优势)in finding a job.,vt.&vi.,is dominated by his mother,dominating figure,domin

24、ate,重点短语与句型7.hold on now,Perce.（回归课本P2）观察思考Hold on a minute while I get my breath back.稍等一下，让我喘口气。They managed to hold on until help arrived.他们勉强坚持到救援到来。Could you hold on?Ill just see if the manager is in.你不要挂断电话好吗？我去看看经理在不在。,Hold on,归纳总结hold on意为：。hold back阻止hold out给予，提供；支持；继续hold to坚持；遵循hold up延误

25、，耽搁；阻挡；支持住，承受住hold onto sth.抓住某物；保留某物hold office当政，执政hold ones attention/interest吸引某人的注意力/兴趣,坚持；继续；不挂断（电话）,即学即用用hold的相关短语填空(1)The police were unable to the crowd.(2)I my hand to steady her.(3)Shes _ well under the pressure.(4)He the back of the chair to stop himself from falling.,hold back,held out,

26、holding up,held onto,8.give way toHe was always honest with us(as in the advertisement)and never disappointment,even when the ship sank.（回归课本P3）观察思考The storm gave way to bright sunshine.暴风雨过后阳光灿烂。Its her mothers fault for giving way to her too often.经常顺从她是她母亲的错。,gave way to,归纳总结give way to意为：。give w

27、ay to despair陷于绝望give in屈服，让步give out分发；发表；用完，耗尽；放出（光和热等）give up放弃give off排放（水、气等）give back归还；恢复,让步；让路；被代替；让,自己陷于（某种情绪等）,即学即用用适当的介、副词填空(1)The teacher gave the exam papers.(2)Can you give me _ my pen?(3)She doesnt give _ easily.(4)The flowers give _ a fragrant perfume.,out,back,up,off,9.beyond questi

28、onCordelias devotion to Your Majesty is.（回归课本P13）观察思考The wisdom of his decision is beyond question.他的决定是明智的，这是毋庸置疑的。Her loyalty is beyond question.她的忠诚是无可置疑的。,beyond questions,归纳总结beyond question意为：。be out of the question=impossible完全不可能的be out of question=without question毫无疑问的beyond words无以言表beyond

29、 number数不胜数beyond ones power超出某人的能力beyond all praise怎么称赞也不够beyond description难以用语言描述,不用怀疑的，毋庸置疑的,即学即用（1）毫无疑问，他是干这项工作的最佳人选。That he is the best man for the job is _.（2）这时候休假是绝不可能的。Taking a holiday at this time is _.,out of question,out of the question,10.as if/thoughIts the whole world has gone to sle

30、ep.（回归课本P18）观察思考He behaved as if nothing had happened.他表现得若无其事。It sounds as though you had a good time.听起来你好像过得很愉快。归纳总结as if/though意为：，可引导 从句和 从句。as if/though引导的从句：,as though,好像,方式状语,表语,（1）引导表语从句。It looks/seems as if/though he is coming.好像是他来了。（2）引导方式状语从句，从句中常用虚拟语气。He fought(as hard)as if/though his

31、 life were in danger.他拼命打斗就好像会要了他的命一样。注意 as if/though引导的方式状语从句中的动词形式判断：如果从句动词与主句动词在时间上是一致的，从句动词是过去式，表示“虚拟当时”，而不考虑主句的时态如何。,He spoke as if/though he were Lenin.他讲起话来像列宁。如果从句动词早于主句动词发生，用过去完成时。He talks as if/though he had been to the moon.他讲起话来好像他去过月球了。如果从句动词晚于主句动词发生，用would+do。He talks as if/though he w

32、ould go to the moon.他讲起话来好像他要去月球。,即学即用（1）Its my birthday.As if you didnt know!（2）He rubbed his eyes and yawned as though waking up after a long sleep.,今天是我的生日。你好像不知道似的.,他又揉眼睛又打哈欠，好像睡了一大觉刚醒似的.,11.get rid ofAnd unless you want me to the rest of them too,.（回归课本P18）观察思考Try and get rid of your visitors b

33、efore I get there.在我到达之前，想办法把你的客人打发走。The problem is how to get rid of nuclear waste.问题是如何处理核废料。,get rid of,归纳总结get rid of意为：。rid sb./sth.of.使某人/某物摆脱（讨厌的或不想要的人或物）get(sth.)across（使某事）传播/为人理解get away with sth.偷携某物潜逃；受到较轻惩罚get over sth.克服，战胜get round/around sb.说服某人同意或做其原先反对的事;笼络某人,摆脱；丢弃，扔掉,即学即用（1）他这人真讨厌

34、！我很庆幸能摆脱他的纠缠。He is a boring fellow!Im glad to _ him.（2）使世界不再有饥荒的梦想什么时候能变成现 实？When will the dream come true that we will _ the world _ famine?,get rid of,rid,of,12.I believe Shackleton must have mourned this unexpected end to his expedition,but he did not waste time on regrets.我相信沙克尔顿肯定会对这次探险意想不到的结局感

35、到痛心，但他并没有把时间浪费在遗憾和悔恨中。典例体验He looked great.He his holiday.他看上去气色很好，他一定是度过了一个开心的假期。,must have enjoyed,My coat is there.Someone it by mistake.我的外套不在那里，准是有人拿错了。归纳总结must have done意为：，表示对过去事情的猜测，而且是很有把握的猜测。(1)cant/couldnt have done“不可能（对过去的事实作出很有把握的判断，用于否定句）”That cant have been true.那不可能是真的。could have don

36、e“可能（已经）；本来可以（但没有做）”（一是把握性不大的推测；二是与事实相反的建议）,must have taken,过去一定做过某事,He could have overslept again.他（那时）可能又睡过头了。(2)ought to/should have done“本来应该（与事实相反）；应该已经”（较大把握的推断）You shouldnt have laughed at his mistakes.你本不该嘲笑他的错误。He ought to have arrived by this time.这时候他应该已经到了。(3)may/might have done“可能已经”（把握

37、性不大的推测）,He was absent from school.He may have been ill.他没来上学，可能是病了。(4)neednt have done“本不必”（本不该做的行为，却做了）We need not have been in a tearing hurry to catch the train.我们本不该这么急匆匆地赶火车。(5)would like to have done“本来想”（表示过去没有实现的愿望）They would like to have seen that film last night.,他们昨晚本想去看那部电影的。(6)would rat

38、her have done“宁可做过”（后悔没做）I would rather not have seen that film.我宁可没去看那部电影。即学即用（1）他一定完成工作了；否则他现在不会在海边 玩。He _ his work;otherwise,he wouldnt be enjoying himself by the seaside now.,must have completed/finished,（2）发生车祸的时候我不可能超过6岁。I _ more than six years old when the accident happened.,couldnt have been

39、,考题回扣【例1】Everybody was touched words after they heard her moving story.（宁夏高考）A.beyondB.withoutC.ofD.in解析 句意为：当他们听了她的感人故事后都感动得说不出话来。beyond words难以用语言表达，为固定词组。课文原文Cordelias devotion to Your Majesty is question.,beyond,A,【例2】The World Health Organization gave a warning to the public without any when th

40、e virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April,2009.（福建高考）A.delayB.effortC.scheduleD.consideration解析 without any delay毫不耽搁。effort努力，成就；schedule目录；日程表；consideration思考；体谅。课文原文.the fear that we might never know their fate and possible delays,.,A,【例3】He as a national hero for winning the first gold medal for his c

41、ountry in the Olympics.(重庆高考)A.regardedB.was regardedC.has regardedD.had been regarded解析 考查regard.as.把认为是。课文原文It is regarded as an offence if we sit at the front of a bus.,B,【例4】If a person has not had enough sleep,his actions will give him during the day.（江西高考）A.awayB.upC.inD.back 解析 句意为：如果一个人没有睡够觉

42、的话,那 么在白天他的行为就会表露出来。give away赠 送；泄露；表露；give up放弃；give in屈 服；让步；give back返还；归还。课文原文 Why does King Lear want to his kingdom?,give away,A,【例5】a moment and I will go to your rescue.（福建高考）A.Go onB.Hold onC.Move onD.Carry on解析 go on继续；hold on抓住不放，坚持；move on 继续前进；carry on继续进行。根据后句的I will go to your rescue可

43、知，这里应是“坚持住；别松手”。课文原文“Hold on now,Perce.Dont you go turning into another Tom,”comes the reply.,B,写作技能 高考书面表达中常见的错误分析(二)7.逻辑错误不少学生在写作时从语言角度考虑得多，而从逻辑角度考虑得少，所以常常在书面表达中出现逻辑错误。8.不符合英语表达习惯书面表达中，不少学生受汉语思维方式、表达习惯、文化习俗的影响，写出许多不符合英语表达习惯的句子。如：英语中表示人口多少需用large/small,而不用many或few。,9.句子缺乏统一性句子统一性要求一个句子必须表达一个单一的完整意义

44、，如果把不相连的意义放在同一个句子里，就违反了句子统一性原则。10.句子缺乏连贯性连贯性是指句子无论长短，在安排上要合乎逻辑、衔接自然，使句子语义关系明确、一目了然。写作中不连贯的句子主要包括垂悬修饰语、指代不清、未用过渡性词语、非平行结构和语义不完整的分割短句等方面的错误。,11.汉式英语错误英语的应用习惯与汉语不同，特别是在一些连词的应用上，如用了because就不能用so,用了though或although就不能用but。12.标点符号误用 汉语中有书名号，但英语中没有。要书写报刊、书名等，常把报刊、书名的每个单词首字母大写，或加双引号，或变换不同的字体等形式表示。,自主检测.品句填词1

45、.Our friendship has been steadily(巩固)over the years,which is a comfort to each other.2.Parents should d their children from smoking.3.You should be careful not to(抓)those mosquito bites,otherwise they are likely to be infected.4.We s them of giving false information.,strengthened,iscourage,scratch,u

46、spected,5.It is said that they held their wedding by(传统).6.It must be e to all of you that he has made a mistake.7.She likes her guests to be(准时的).8.Im h that theyll fulfill the task on time.9.This is a clear case of(歧视)against foreign imports.10.His temper has been c this week,so dont annoy him.,tr

47、adition,punctual,opeful,discrimination,hangeable,vident,.短语运用 1.The fire and it became a little cold in the house.2.Can you tell us what you this conclusion?3.This me _ what we did together during our holidays.4.They have nothing with one another and cant become good friends.,hand over,care for,spea

48、k out,pack up,give away,in common,as usual,die down,lead to,remind.of,died down,led,to,reminds,in common,of,5.The meeting was,badly attended.6.Im about to my things and go home.7.Colin Lamb responsibility for this project to him yesterday.8.She thinks no one knows how much she likes him,but her face

49、 when I said hed be there really.9.The children by a relative at the moment.10.If no one has the courage to against the system things will never improve.,as usual,pack up,handed over,gave her away,are being cared for,speak out,.完成句子1.她无疑知道我是一个可以信赖的人。She knew that I was a person who could be trusted.

50、2.我们决定先听他说完再对其所作所为下结论。We decided to before making any judgement on what he had done.3.他代表全班接受邀请。He accepted the invitation the whole class.4.新中国为青年们着想，关怀他们的成长。New China her youth and shows concern for their growth.,beyond question,hear him out,on behalf of,cares for,5.我之前很爱开玩笑，也很爱说谎，但是我从没骗过你。I used