新概念2第69课课件.ppt

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1、,Review,坚持的两种用法：persist in doing sth/insist on/upon doing sth没人能避免犯错。No one can avoid making mistakes.不懂装懂就会闹笑话。If you pretend to know what you dont know,youll only make a fool of yourself.阻止做某事的表达法：stop sb(from)doing,prevent sb(from)doing或keep sb from doing,你介意把窗户打开吗？Would you mind opening the wind

2、ow?你介意我把窗户打开吗？Would you mind my opening the window?无论你是谁，都必须遵守规则。No matter who you are,you must obey the rules.无论他学习多么努力，总不能通过考试。No matter how hard he studies,he finds it difficult to pass the exam.动名词的用法：接lesson68,practice:,根据所给汉语，按正确形式填空：He _(坚持)that he do that work alone.The teacher tells us that

3、 learning English must be _(坚持的).She tried to _(逃避)answering my questions.She wasnt really crying;she was only _(假装).What can we do to _(阻止)the disease spreading?,insists,persistent,avoid,pretending,prevent,Free talk:Have you seen the criminal spot?,1.If you see the thief steals others,what will you

4、 do?2.When you notice the burglar break into your house,What kinds of measures you will take?,murder,mournful,suppose,v.假设,n.谋杀,adj.悲哀的,tap,examiner,instruct,n.主考人,v.轻敲,v.命令，指示,brake,pedal,react,n.刹车,n.踏板,v.反应,acquire,confidence,v.取得，获得,n.信心,Lets review the words!,根据所给的汉语意思写出单词，并用其正确形式填空。,1.The teac

5、her often _(指导；指示)us how to work out maths problems.2.She has great _(自信)in her success.3._(谋杀)is a terrible crime.4.That girl _(轻敲)her fingers on the desk impatiently.5._(考官)：Tell me about your family?6.The _(刹车)doesnt work well.7.A _(悲哀的)voice sings,“Are we still married?”8.Let me see your driving

6、 _(执照).,Questions on the test:,When did the author begin to acquire confidence and why?What was the last thing the author was asked to do by the examiner?Did the author get the driving licence in the end?,I was being tested for a driving licence for the third time.I had been asked to drive in heavy

7、traffic and had done so successfully.After having been instructed to drive out of town,I began to acquire confidence.Sure that I had passed,I was almost beginning to enjoy my test.The examiner must have been pleased with my performance,for he smiled and said,Just one more thing,Mr.Eames.Let us suppo

8、se that a child suddenly crosses the road in front of you.As soon as I tap on the window,you must stop within five feet.I continued driving and after some time,the examiner tapped loudly,Though the sound could be heard clearly,it took me a long time to react.I suddenly pressed the brake pedal and we

9、 were both thrown forward.The examiner looked at me sadly.Mr.Eames,he said,in a mournful voice,you have just killed that child!,New words and expressions,murder m:d n.谋杀instruct instrkt v.命令，指示acquire kwai v.取得，获得confidence knfidns n.信心examiner igzmin n.主考人suppose spuz v.假设tap tp v.轻敲react rikt v.反应

10、brake breik n.刹车pedal pedl n.踏板mournful m:nfl adj.悲哀的,Words/phrases 单词与词组,driving licence 驾照heavy traffic 拥挤的交通in a mournful voice 用的声调be pleased with 对满意within 5 feet 在5英尺之内cross the road 过马路brake pedal 刹车板out of town 城外,murder 1).n.be guilty of murder 犯谋杀罪murder will out 纸包不住火homicide hmisaid 杀人（犯

11、）manslaughter mnslt(r)过失杀人massacre msk 大屠杀assassinate ssineit 暗杀poison 毒杀suffocate sfkeit窒息而死hang 绞死2).v.murderer murderess,instruct1).v.指导，向下命令tell 日常用语，运用广泛，语气不强order 语气较强，有权威者用来指示别人服从instruct&direct 用于客观、公事场合，对需要采取的行动准确说明command 用于军事场合 The officer commanded his men to fire.2).v.教授，传授 instruct sb.

12、ininstructor 教员，教练，指导员instruction C命令，指示 U 传授，指导,acquire1).（靠努力或行为）获得 gain获得自信acquire confidence2).学得，养成（习惯）养成抽烟的习惯 acquire a habit of smokingacquisition kwizin n.获得,所获之物,收购,confidence n.have/lose confidence in sb./sth.他充满信心地回答问题He answered the questions with confidence.I have every confidence that

13、I can manage itbe full of confidence 充满信心 confident adj.有信心的,有把握的confident of sth.confident that我肯定你能得到那份工作Im confident that youll get the job.他确信会达到目标He was confident of achieving his aim.,examine v.1).调查，检查，研讨我们的行李在机场进行了安检We had our suitcases examined at the airport.2).测验I examined the students in

14、 English on the previous lessons.3).诊察（看病）examiner 主考人examinee被考人,suppose1).假设假设你是总经理，在那种情况下你会怎么做Suppose that youre the general manager,what will you do on that occasion.2).认为 think,expect be supposed to 理应，应该他应该准时在那He is supposed to be there on time,tap.1).v.knock gentlytap at/on sth.tap sb.on the

15、shoulder2).n.敲击声，水龙头turn on/off taptap water 自来水mineral-water 矿泉水,react1).react to sb./sth当地居民对这一消息表示愤怒Local residents have reacted angrily to the news.我花了很长时间才反应过来It took me a long time to react.The market reacted by falling a further two points.股市的反应是再下跌两个百分点2).化学反应 reactant 化学反应物nuclear reactor 核

16、反应堆,brake1).n.刹车put on the brakes 踩刹车2).v.The driver braked hard as the dog ran onto the road.She had to brake hard to avoid running into the car in front.她不得不猛踩刹车，以免撞上前面的车。,pedal1).n.踏板a brake pedal 刹车踏板She pressed her foot down sharply on the brake pedal.她猛踩刹车踏板。2).v.踩踏板，骑pedal a bicycle 骑自行车A boy

17、 pedaled away on his bicycle.,mournful adj.悲恸的,令人惋惜的,悲哀的There was a mournful look on her face.He said in a mournful voice.mourn v.感到悲痛mourn for/over sb./sth.人民哀悼他们被杀害的领袖The people mourned for their slain leader.她为她独生子的死而哀痛She mourned over the death of her only son.mourner 哀悼者,I was being tested for

18、a driving licence for the third time.,驾驶执照,课文解析,I had been asked to drive in heavy traffic and had done so successfully.,heavy:adj.重的，阴沉的，大量的，密集的,He put down the heavy suitcase by the door.,He had a heavy,sullen face.,I felt so full after the heavy meal.,After having been instructed to drive out of

19、town,I began to acquire confidence.,become,After I had been instructed to drive out of town,I began to become confidence.,The examiner must have been pleased with my performance,for he smiled and said,Just one more thing,Mr.Eames.,表示对过去事物的猜测 must have done sth.,be pleased with:对满意,He was pleased wit

20、h my progress.She seemed very pleased that he had come.Im so pleased to have see you again.,I continued driving and after some time,the examiner tapped loudly.Though the sound could be heard clearly,it took me a long time to react.,Sam didnt react in any way.,I wondered how hed react to such a diffi

21、cult question.,The examiner looked at me sadly,Mr.Eames,he said,in a mournful voice,you have just killed that child!,in a voice:以一个的声调,in a happy voice:开心的说 in a sorrow voice:难过的说in a excited voice:激动的说 in a crazy voice:疯狂的说,每句赏析,Sure that I had passed,I was almost beginning to enjoy my test.Sure,省略

22、结构，完整的形式应该是“Being sure”,在文中作状语表示原因；almost beginning to enjoy,作者信心的再次提升，考试对他来说几乎成了一种消遣。The examiner must have been pleased with my performance,for he smiled and said,Just one more thing,Mr.Eames.must have 对当时情况的推测，很有把握；for从句点明作者作出推测的依据。Let us suppose that a child suddenly crosses the road in front of

23、 you.As soon as I tap on the window,you must stop within five feet.考官设置一个情景。,I continued driving and after some time,the examiner tapped loudly.loudly,声音的强度很大。Though the sound could be heard clearly,it took me a long time to react.though 引导让步状语从句，与主句的情况形成对照。作者可以很清楚地听到窗玻璃的声音，可是他似乎是忘乎所以，过了很久都没有反映过来。,每

24、句赏析,I suddenly pressed the brake pedal hard and we were both thrown forward.suddenly,表示作者突然间反应过来；hard,用力过猛；and 之后的句子说明结果；were both thrown forward,两人都被抛到前面。The examiner looked at me sadly.sadly,考官大失所望。Mr.Eames,he said,in a mournful voice,you have just killed that child!in a mournful voice,考官用一种很悲伤的声调

25、说话，与前文的“sadly”相对应；虽然考官只是设想一种情境，不过看到作者的表现，还是很煞有其事地用悲伤的语气告诉他：孩子给轧死了。考官的一本正经，滑稽幽默跃然之上，让文章生色不少。,每句赏析,Take a break,【Key structures】被动语态的构成：.被动语态由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以do为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：amisaredone一般过去时：wasweredone一般将来时：willshall bedone现在进行时：amisare beingdone过去进行时：waswere be

26、ingdone现在完成时：havehas beendone,3）在使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.1.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday.可改为The boy was made to wo

27、rk by him for two hours yesterday.2.Mother never lets me watch TV.改为I am never let to watch TV by mother.,4.在被动语态中还可以用介词+动名词结构。介词（after,before,on）+动名词这个结构通常相当于一个时间状语从句。如果两个动作中有一个在另一个开始之前已经完成，则可以用after+动名词的完成式表示第一个动作；如果只表示先后顺序，则可用after（或before）+动名词结构；on+动名词通常表示两个动作几乎同时发生。After having been instructed

28、to drive out of thetown,I began to acquire confidence.在接到把车开出城的指令后，我就开始有信心了。The man called the police after being robbed.那人遭抢劫后给警方打了电话He killed a child before being arrested他在被捕前杀死了一个孩子On/After being told that her mother was seriously,she hurried back to England.她得知母亲病重后连忙回到英国。被动语态用于介词+动名词结构一般不用于口语，

29、比较正式。,I for a driving license for the third time.,I to drive in heavy traffic and had done so successfully.,重点整理,for表目的,for+次数,动名词与现在分词做定语的区别：动名词做定语说明所修饰名词的用途；现在分词做定语，表示所修饰名词进行的动作。a walking stick 拐杖（动名词，a stick for walking）a sleeping car 卧铺车厢（动名词，a car for sleeping）the rising sun 正在升起的太阳（现在分词）the ch

30、anging world 变化中的世界（现在分词）,light,was being tested,had been asked,to drive out of town,I began to acquire confidence.,Sure that I had passed,I was almost beginning to enjoy my test.,现在完成时的被动形式；Having been+过去分词After I had been instructed to drive out of town,I began to acquire confidence.介词短语作时间状语，主从句的

31、主语一致时，可简化从句。,在句首中省略了being,这个分词结构在句中是状语，表原因。,-Worried about his child,he didnt sleep last night.-As he was worried about his child,he didnt sleep last night.,重点整理,After having been instructed,The examiner must have been pleased with my performance,for he smiled and said.Just one more thing,Mr.Eames.L

32、et us suppose that a child suddenly crosses the road in front of you.As soon as I tap on the window,you must stop within five feet.,must have been表示对过去事情的猜测,pleased是个形容词，常用词组是be pleased with,suppose(supposing):常用于一个句子或从句前，意思是what would happen if,用来假设一个条件或某种情况。动词要用一般现在时或一般过去时。如果用过去时，所假设的情况可能性会很小。Supp

33、osing we miss the trainwhat will we do then?Wed love to attend the party,supposing(if)we dont have to work late that day.,重点整理,2)be pleased with对.满意be satisfied with be content withe.g.My boss is pleased（satisfiedcontent）withmy work performance老板对我的工作表现很满意3.performance n.表现，表演，工作情况Perform vt.执行；完成；演

34、奏vi.执行，机器运转；表演perform an operation 动手术；做手术 perform on 表演；上演；演奏 opportunity to perform 实践的机会；表现机会 perform maintenance 修理 perform a contract 执行合同,I suddenly pressed the brake pedal hard and we,The examiner looked at me sadly.Mr.Eames,he said,in a mournful voice,you have just killed that child!,in avoi

35、ce以.的声调she told us the news in a low voice.,have just killed用的是现在完成时，是想强调结果。,重点整理,I continued driving and after some time,the examiner tapped loudly.,Though the sound could clearly,it took me a long time to react.,be heard,were both thrown forward.,语法学习,做状语的形容词结构示例1：I was sure that I had passed.I wa

36、s almost beginning to enjoy my test.我们把这两句话合并成一个句子：Sure that I had passed,I was almost beginning to enjoy my test.所以，我们看得很清楚：两个句子的主语（1）都是一致的，所以，可以进行简化处理。示例2：I was pleased with my sons words.I gave him 100 yuan.合并：Pleased with my sons words,I gave him 100 yuan.,我们再回顾一下ing结构和过去分词结构：示例3：I tried to avoi

37、d meeting him.I set out 10 minutes earlier than usual.合并：Trying to avoid meeting him,I set out 10 minutes earlier than usual.示例4：He had eaten the apple.He asked for another one.合并：Having eaten the apple,he asked for another one.示例5：The rat was killed by a little boy.It was buried in a hole.合并：Killed

38、 by a little boy,the rat was buried in a hole.,将下列句子变成被动语态：,They made the piano in Germany in 1681.I told you he could do it.I cant find my bag.He must have stolen it.The police were questioning the man.He never expected they found the bicycle.I found he had sent the parcle to the wrong place.,被动语态,

39、语法学习,I was being tested for a driving license for the third time.,I had been asked to drive in heavy traffic and had done so successfully.,After having been instructed to drive out of town,I began to acquire confidence.,I suddenly pressed the brake pedal hard and we were both thrown forward.,Though

40、the sound could be heard clearly,it took me a long time to react.,a)用所给动词的正确时态和语态填空。,1.Many stars can _(see)at night.2.The report is _(write)by one of the best students.3.Upon _(rob),the man called the police at once.4.He killed a child before _(arrest).5.On _(tell)that her mother was seriously ill,

41、she hurried back to England.,6.She was sent abroad to _(train).7.The huge bridge _(damage)before the World War.8.He_(hear)tomoveaboutinherroomupstairslastnight.9.After _(cheat)by a client,he changed his way of doing business.10.The driver must _(punish)by the police,he looked so unhappy.,Special dif

42、ficulties,Practice and Advicepractice n.（反复的）练习，实践，实行practise vt.&vi.练习，经常做 Jimmy used to practise(playing)football every afternoon.She practises on the piano for three hours every day.He still needs a lot of practice.He practises the piano every day.,Special difficulties,advice n.忠告,劝告,建议(不可数名词)She

43、 gave me some good advice/a piece of advice about jobs.advise vt.&vi.劝告，向提供提议 She advised me against going to the party.她建议/劝我不要去参加聚会 I want to give you some advice.What do you advise me to do?,Special difficulties,Enjoy,Entertain and Amuseenjoy vt.欣赏，喜爱，享受之乐（后跟名词、动名词，用于主动语态）I enjoy swimming in summ

44、er.Were really enjoying ourselves.entertain vt.款待，招待，请客；使快乐，给娱乐（=amuse）We often entertain friends at weekends.,Special difficulties,Uncle Sam entertains/amuses the children for hours at a time.萨姆叔叔一连好几小时地逗孩子们乐。My children can entertain/amuse themselves for hours with telling stories to each other.am

45、use vt.逗乐，逗笑（常用于被动语态）She was amused by her fathers funny stories.His story amused the children very much.,Special difficulties,过去进行时was almost beginning1 过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作，常和表示过去时间的状语then，at this（that）time，yesterday，at nine，last night等连用。但在不少情况下，没有表示时间的状语，这时需要通过上下文来表示。,What were you doing

46、at nine last night？昨晚九点时，你在做什么？I called you yesterday afternoon but there was no answer.昨天下午我打电话给你，但是没有人接电话。I was visiting a friend of mine most of the afternoon.我昨天下午大部分时间，都在一个朋友家里。,2 当两个一长一短的动作在过去某时间同时发生时，用过去进行时表示较长的动作。过去进行时可用于主句，也可用于从句。It was raining hard when I left my office.当我离开办公室时，雨下得正大。When

47、 you called，I was eating.你打电话时，我正在吃饭。,When I was cleaning the windows，my brother was sweeping the floor.（当）我在擦窗户的时候，我弟弟在拖地。Some students were playing football，while others were running round the track.一些学生在踢足球，同时别的学生正在跑道上跑步。,We were walking along the river when（suddenly）It rained.我们沿着河边散步，突然下起雨来。The

48、y were watching TV when the lights went out.停电时，他们刚好在看电视。（注意：同上例）,3 过去进行时表示过去将来的动作 现在进行时可以表示将来的动作，同样，过去进行时也可以表示从过去某时间看来将要发生的动作。常用在间接引语中。She went to see Xiao Li.He was leaving early the next morning.她去看小李。他第二天一早就要离开此地了。She asked him whether he was coming back to lunch.她问他晚饭是否准备回来吃。,回顾 Key points 学习要点

49、,请同学们看下面的几个句子,试分辨它们的时态与语态:I was being tested for a driving licence for the third time.I had been asked to drive in heavy traffic After having been instructed to drive out of town,Key points 学习要点,I was being tested for a driving licence for the third time.was being tested 是过去进行时+被动,你对了吗?我们曾经学过一个句子:It

50、 is being repaired by a friend of my fathers.is being repaired是现在进行时+被动 The bicycle was being sent to his home by train.,Key points 学习要点,2)I had been asked to drive in heavy traffic.had been asked是明显的过去完成时+被动 完成:had been 被动:be asked这样的句型我们已经学了不少:I have been offered a large sum of money to,Key points