高三英语二轮复习讲座课件完形填空.ppt

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1、高考英语专题复习,完形填空专题,一。知识目标1.掌握基本的语法知识和词汇知识。2.了解语篇的相关知识。3.了解语篇的策略知识。,二。能力目标。完型填空是进行语言知识综合运用测试的最为恰当的手段之一。她既考察对语言知识的综合运用能力又考察建立在此基础上 的策略能力。它既要求考试熟练运用所掌握的常见词汇及惯用知识，要求他们具有较强的语篇整体处理能力，能根据上下文线索通篇考虑，并且结合个人所具备的各方面常识，以及逻辑推理能力等与语言运用相关的经验做出正确的判断及最佳选择。,词义辨析,主旨理解,篇章结构,如何做完形填空？,为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较多?没有严格遵循答题步骤:）多数同学考试时担心时

2、间紧,在没有弄清短文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题.事实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到15-16分钟.切记:一定要用2-3分钟时间进行缺词阅读,弄清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手先易后难填空.2.不注意积累答题技巧:a.忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系;b.遇到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择.,正确的解题步骤：1.浏览全文,掌握文章的中心及脉络;a.应用阅读技能,进行缺词阅读.b.注意首段和末端以及每个段落的首句.2.分步落实,逐个填空;a.先填上有确切把握的固定搭配、基本句型等较容易的空格.b.对语境和语义还不太明朗的空格要反复推敲,力争突破难点.3.通读

3、全文,检查核对.把握篇章结构，注意前后呼应。,分层解答完形填空 一把握首句或主题句 一般情况下，标题就是中心或与中心有直接的关系。我们应认真阅读标题，把握文章的主题。如没有标题，则要注意文章的第一句话，第一句话一般不设空格，它常为全文提供大意、主题、体裁、人物、时间、地点、气氛等方面信息。,(07上海)Being alone in outer space can be frightening.That is one reason why astronauts on solo(单独的)space flights were given plenty of work to keep them 45.

4、They were also in constant communication with people on the earth.46,being with people from whom you cannot get away might be even harder than being alone.45.A.tired B.asleep C.conscious D.busy46.A.So far B.After all C.However D.ThereforeCD,(05)On May 27,1995,our life was suddenly changed.It happene

5、d a few minutes past three,36 my husband,Chris,fell from his horse as it 37 over a fence.Chris was paralyzed(瘫痪)from the chest down,38 to breathe normally.36.A.since B.before C.when D.while37.A.walked B.climbed C.pulled D.jumped38.A.able B.unable C.suitable D.unsuitableCDB,(06江苏)I know I should have

6、 told the headmaster at the time.That was my real 36.36.A.planB.fault C.gradeD.luck,(05北京)I just heard you tell an old story of gift giving and unselfish love in your program.You doubted that such unselfish love would happen in todays world.Well,Im here to give you 36.an example,二、词义辨析,1.Soon I hear

7、d a _ like that of a door burst in,and then a climb of feet.A.sound B.cry C.voice D.fromA,二、词义辨析 To my horror,I saw,_ my fathers shoulder,a gorilla,A.on B.above C.over D.formC,词义辨析 Give me a hand,he shouted _ he got near the boat.A.while B.till C.for D.as D,三抓住上下文语境，分层次利用线索 1）在同一句前后可以直接找到答案线索。2）逾越句子

8、层次，在前后段落中找到作答线索。3）从全文角度出发，在把握中心和具体细节的基础上充分理解文章，才能找出正确答案。,同一句中的信息联系 Unfortunately there are a large number of people in my family;some wanted to see one programme_otherspreferred another.while,表示some与others对照。,同一句前后对应 Travelling west,you set your clock 1;travelling east,you set it ahead Travelling 2

9、today becomes yesterday;travelling west it is tomorrow.1.A.behind B.forward C.back D.ahead2.A.south B.east C.north D.west,CB,上下文情节 I climbed the stairs slowly,carrying a big suitcase,my father following with two more.By the time I got to the third floor,I was 1 and the same time feeling lonely.Worse

10、 still,Dad 2 a step and fell,sending my new suitcase 3 down the stairs.1).A.helpless B.lazyC.anxious D.tired2.)A.tookB.minded C.missedD.picked3).A.rolling B.passing C.dropping D.turningDCA,上下文情节(07全国2)We arrived in Spain for the first time a few weeks ago.I decided to 21 a car because we had sold th

11、e one we had in England before 22 home.Yesterday the sales office rang us to say the car was 23.21.A.borrow B.drive C.buy D.choose22.A.leaving B.making C.returning D.getting23.A.right B.ready C.fixed D.sold21.C 22.A 23.B,前后两部分互为解释There are four types of blood.1 types are found in every race,and no t

12、ype is distinct to any race.1.A.All B.Most C.No D.Some前后应该是反义复现，与no 反义的自然是all。,上下段的相互照应（江苏）“Those ten days were filled with challenges that 53 one creative idea after another.Nine days later,the night before the airport opened,National Car Rental was the 54 company that had cars on the parking lot.5

13、3.A.required B.mixed C.followed D.formed54.A.best B.last C.secondD.onlyAD,文章前后呼应 Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the students It is the _1_responsibility to find books,magazines,and articles in the library.A.students B.professors C.assistants D.librarians从前面的res

14、ponsibilities for learning lie with the students可以判断查找材料也应该是学生的责任，所以答案为A。,全文(07江苏)Carolyn Stradley is the founder of C&S Paving Inc.(铺路公司)in Atlanta,USA.In the following account,she recalls the job that challenged her 36 and skill but left her flying high.36.A.kindness B.patience C.imagination D.exp

15、erience Those ten days were filled with challenges that require one creative idea after another.答案：C.,四.情景意义为主，语法选择极少，因此，要求注重最佳选择和固定搭配。并根据已有的常识和经验作出合理推断,06 江苏 That was thirty-eight years 52 when I was fifteen.I have never told anyone about it before,53 have I tried to explain to myself why not.52.A.

16、past B.agoC.thenD.before53.A.either B.never C.nor D.so答案：BC,(07江苏）“When the Atlanta Airport was under 37 in 1979,we were a new company struggling to make it.National Car Rental wanted to have 2,500 square meters of dirt paved 38 the cars could be on site 39 the airport opened,37.A.constructionB.repa

17、ir C.control D.development38.A.afterB.as C.forD.so39.A.whileB.sinceC.whereD.whenADD,特例:To me,a singer is someone who finds his voice at an early age.This wasnt my situation.I treated music in a very casual way.I was much more interested in sports.Then everything changed on the day before I _.A.becam

18、e B.grew C.turned D.started 答案：turn 达到（年龄或时间）,固定搭配包括介词与动词的搭配、动词与宾语的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等。要根据内容选择正确的短语。They spend millions of dollars yearly _ newspapers and magazines A.in B.to C.on D.for Tom told what he saw to the man and it wasnt long _ the police caught the thief.A.that B.before C.until D.then,五、突破难句，简

19、化长句，,He is a great chatter as well.If he did not know them,he would greet them with a few 49 about the weather,50 he did know them,he would ask about their families or make 51,always cutting his cloth 52 his customers.(MNET2005江西卷）49.A.Saying B.questions C.words D.speeches 50.A.and then B.and so C.e

20、ven if D.but if 51.A.Preparations B.jokes C.repairs D.friends 52.A.according to B.due to C.instead of D.up to CDBA,完形填空技巧训练：除了要有一定的语言基础和语用能力之外，可提醒学生平时注意四个步骤：抓住主题或大意考虑句与句的衔接把握段与段间的关系(观点/论证/结论或故事的情节)从全文角度确定选项,建议：1、做完形填空题要养成不依赖选项的习惯，完全按文章的理解进行逻辑推理和判断，久而久之就会提高篇章意识，成为能与作者进行积极交流的读者。2、平时可做些综合填空题，这有助于提高篇章意识。,