高三二轮状语从句课件.ppt

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1、状语从句,Adverbial Clauses,What are“Adverbial Clauses”?,在主从复合句中修饰主语中的动词、形容词、副词等的从句叫做“状语从句”。分类如下：,状语从句,1.时间状语从句,2.地点状语从句,3.原因状语从句,4.条件状语从句,5.让步状语从句,6.目的状语从句,7.结果状语从句,8.方式状语从句,9.比较状语从句,1)常用连词如下：as,when,while,till/until,not until,before,since,after等。,1.时间状语从句,e.g.I wont know where he is until I get a lette

2、r from him.Till 只能用于肯定句中，until既可以用于肯定句，也可以用于否定句。,Its/will be+一段时间 before+一般现在时 表示过了多久才Its/will（not)be+一段时间 before+一般现在时 表示没过多久就it s been+一段时间 since+一般过去时,It will be a long time before we meet again.It has been 20 years since we first saw each other.,2)一些表示时间的名词词组也可引导时间状语从句。如：the moment,the minute,（一

3、就）next time（下次）,every/each time（每次）。e.g.The moment he comes,I will tell him.,3)as soon as,immediately,directly,instantly 等副词也可引导状语从句。表示“一就”。As soon as I reach home,I will tell him the news.,4)a.hardly/scarcely when b.no sooner than 注意：当 hardly,scarcely及no sooner位于句首时,从句中的主谓要倒装。e.g.No sooner had she

4、gone than it happened,2.地点状语从句,地点状语从句用连接副词 where或wherever(在任何地方)引导。,e.g.a.Just stay where you are.b.Wherever you go,Ill be right here waiting for you.,3.原因状语从句,原因状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态所发生的原因。引导这种从句 常用的连接词是：because,since,as,for,now that 及 considering等。,e.g.He didnt come to school because he was ill.,c.f.H

5、e might be ill,for he didnt come to school.,表示“直接”原因。,表示“间接的推断”原因.不可出现在句首。,1.because,for,since,as的区别because语气强,表示客观必然原因：例如:Heisabsent,becauseheisill.因为生病，所以他没来。比较:Heisabsent,forheisbusy.（“生病”是“缺席”的必然原因，“忙”不是必然原因。）for语气轻,表示非客观必然的原因,是主观可改变结果的原因,甚至是猜测可能的原因:Hemustbeill,forheisabsent.“缺席”不一定是“生病”，只是交流猜测。

6、for不能放句首,它是并列连词.since,as都是不讲自明的原因,是已知的原因.SinceIamaboy,letmecarrythecase.Asyoudontfeelwell,youhadbetterstayathome.,4.条件状语从句,条件状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态是在什么情况或条件下发生的。条件状语从句中通常用一般现在时表示将来。,条件状语从句由从属连词引导：if,unless(除非),as/so long as(只要),on condition that(条件是),in case(假使),providing/provided(that),supposing（that）（假

7、若，倘使），等。,e.g.a.Well come over to see you on Saturday if we have time.b.We should serve the people as/so long as we live.,5.让步状语从句,在复合句中表示让步概念的状语从句被称为让步状语从句。通常由下列词语引导：though,although,even if,even though,while,no matter who/,however，as等。,让步状语从句可以位于主句前、后，有时插在主句中间。,Though/althoughThough/Although he was

8、old,he worked hard.=He was old but he worked hard.,注意一个典型的中国错误：though/although 切不可与but连用。,as,谓语动词的倒装：Try as he would,he could not remember a word of it.Try as he might,he didnt pass the exam.Hate him as we may,we must admit his greatness.Search as they would,they could find nothing in the room.Try a

9、s you may,you will never succeed.,状语的倒装：（这时不可在状语之前加very,much等修饰语）Much as I admire him as a writer,I do not like him as a man.Much as he likes the bike,he doesnt want to buy it.Hard as I studied,I could not catch up with them.,表语的倒装：（这时不可在状语之前加very,much等修饰语）Child as he is,he knows a lot.,while,while引

10、导的让步状语从句：while(=although),它引导的让步状语从句只能前置，位于句首，如：While you may be right,I cant altogether agree.While I admit that the problems are difficult,I dont agree that they cannot be solved.,whetheror,whetheror引导的让步状语从句：这种从句也称“选择条件-让步状语从句”，可位于主句之前或之后，如：Whether he drives or(whether he)flies,he will be here on

11、 time.We hold that all countries,(whether they are)big or small,(whether they are)rich or poor,should be equal.Whether it rains or snows,I will go tonight.Whether you like it or not,youll have to do it.Whether or not it rains,Im giving a party tomorrow.She had to go,whether or not she wanted it.,who

12、ever,whomever,whatever,whichever,由连接代词whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever引导的让步状语从句：Whoever(=no matter who)is unwilling to go,I will go.(whoever 既相当于连接词短语no matter 连接主句与从句，又相当于疑问代词who)Whomever(=no matter whom)you are dealing with,this method is no good.Whatever(=no matter what)happens,keep calm.Whate

13、ver others may say,you are certainly right.Whichever(=no matter which)you choose,we have no objection.,whatever 或whichever,由连接形容词whatever 或whichever 引导的让步状语从句，如：Whatever(=no matter what)difficulties may arise,we must and can overcome them one by one.(whatever 既相当于no matter 连接主句与从句，又相当于疑问形容词what 修饰名词

14、difficulties。)Whichever(=no matter which)room is assigned to him,he will have no objection.Whichever method you use,the result is much the same.,however,wherever 或whenever,由连接副词however,wherever 或whenever 引导的让步状语从句。例如：However(=no matter how)difficult the task may be,we will fulfill it on time.(howeve

15、r 既相当于 no matter 连接主句与从句，又相当于疑问副词 how 修饰 difficult。)Wherever(=no matter where)they went,they were warmly welcomed.Whenever Im unhappy,he cheers me up.The dog follows me wherever I go.,even though和 though even though(=even if)引导的从句指把握不大或假设的事情，意为“即使”、“纵然”；Most of us ignore the food advice,even if/even

16、 though we know it to be true.,6.目的状语从句,引导目的状语从句的连词:,in order that,用于正式文体中，所引从句可于主句前或后。,so that,从句中要有情态动词,for fear that;in case;lest(以免)等。,e.g.a.Well sit nearer the front so that we can hear better.b.I shall write it down lest I should forget.,注意：当从句与主句的主语一致时，可用so as to do 或 in order to do,e.g.He ra

17、n fast so that he might arrive there before ten oclock.,He ran fast so as to arrive there before ten oclock.,7.结果状语从句,结果状语从句常位于主句之后，由so that,such that;so that 等引导。,e.g.a.So quickly did he run that I couldnt catch up with him.b.The bus broke down so that we had to walk home.c.He got to the station fi

18、nally,only to find the train had left.,8.方式状语从句,描述主句动作进行方式的状语被称为方式状语。通常用下列词语引导：as,just as,as if/as though等。,e.g.a.We must do as the Party tells us.b.Leave the things as they are.c.Most plants need sunlight just as they need water.d.It sounds as if it is raining.,9.比较状语从句,比较状语从句常由下列词语引导：as as,not so/as as,morethan,less than,the more+adj./adv.,the more+adj./adv.,e.g.a.He is not so/as healthy as his brother.b.They jumped up and down as hard as they could.c.John is less clever than Peter.,