口译技巧(称谓、谚语和引语).ppt

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1、口译技巧与实践,第一单元 口译技巧,口译技巧Introducing skills in Interpreting,I-I称谓口译I-II谚语口译I-III引语口译I-IV数字口译I-V口译笔记,各类机构或组织的首长：通用词：head特定的、规范的称谓语：大学校长president中小学校长principal，headmaster局长director省长governor,I-I称谓口译Interpreting Titles,首席长官“总”chief,general,head,managing总书记general secretary总工程师chief engineer总编辑editor-in-ch

2、ief；managing editor总经理general manager；managing director；executive head总教练head coach总干事secretary-general；commissioner总指挥commander-in-chief；generalissimo总领事consul-general总监chief inspector；inspector-general总厨head cook；chef,I-I称谓口译,副职的头衔“副.”vice,associate,assistant,deputy 副主席vice chairman/president副总理 v

3、ice premier副省长vice governor副处长 deputy director 副导演 assistant director 行政职务的副职头衔与学术头衔“副”-associate副教授associate professor副主编 associate managing editor副主任医师associate senior doctor,I-I称谓口译,有的职位头衔 如manager，其副职头衔可用 assistant 副总经理assistant/deputy general manager assistant/deputy managing director大堂副理assist

4、ant managerDirector,secretary,mayor,dean“副”-deputy学术头衔系列中的初级职称，“助理”助理教授assistant professor助理研究员 assistant research fellow助理工程师asssistant engineer,I-I称谓口译,行业职称头衔“高级”：senior高级工程师 senior engineer 行业职称/职务中的最高级别：“总”“高级”“首席”chief首席执行官chief executive officer首席法官chief judge首席代表chief representative机构/行业最高级职务

5、：“长”审判长 presiding judge,chief judge,chief of judges护士长head nurse秘书长secretary-general参谋长chief of staff,I-I称谓口译,“主任”、“主治”、”特级”、“特派”、“特约”主任编辑 associate senior editor主任秘书 chief secretary主任医师 senior doctor主治医师 attending/chief doctor;physician,consultant特级教师 special-grade senior teacher特派记者 accredited cor

6、respondent特约编辑 contributing editor特约记者 special correspondent,I-I称谓口译Interpreting Titles,“代理”acting“常务”managing“执行”executive“名誉”honorary代理市长acting mayor常务副校长managing vice president执行秘书executive secretary名誉校长honorary president/principal,I-I称谓口译Interpreting Titles,常务委员member of the standing committee办公

7、室主任office manager 博士生导师 doctoral student supervisor客座教授 visiting professor 院士 academician业务经理 service/business/operation manager注册会计师 chartered/certified public accountant学习标兵 student pacemaker劳动模范 model worker优秀员工 outstanding employee,employee of the month/year,I-I称谓口译,I-I称谓口译Interpreting Titles,I-

8、II谚语口译Interpreting Proverbs,英汉谚语形式与意义对比4种类型的谚语形同意合形似意合形异意合形意相异,“形同意合”-直接对应A fall into the pit,a gain in your wit.吃一暂，长一智。Facts speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。Failure is the mother of success.失败乃成功之母。Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。The style is the man.文如其人。To be armed to the teeth 武装到牙齿,形同意合,“形同意合”-直接

9、对应More haste,less speed.欲速则不达。Business is business.公事公办。The tongue cut the throat.祸从口出言多必失。Misfortunes never come alone.祸不单行。Constant dripping wears the stone.滴水石穿。Walls have ears.隔墙有耳。,形同意合,“形同意合”-直接对应Fish in troubled waters.浑水摸鱼。Great minds think alike.英雄所见略同。Man proposes,God disposes.谋事在人，成事在天。Ou

10、t of sight,out of mind.眼不见为净。Out of office,out of danger.无官一身轻。The remembrance of the past is the teacher of the future.前事不忘，后事之师。,形同意合,“形似意合”-间接对应Beat the dog before the lion.杀鸡儆猴。Love me,love my dog.爱屋及乌Speak of the devil(and he will appear.)说曹操，曹操到。A new broom sweeps clean.新官上任三把火。Teach fish to s

11、wim.班门弄斧。Have a card up ones sleeve.胸有成竹。Put the cart before the horse.本末倒置。,形似意合,“形似意合”-间接对应Gifts blind the eyes.拿了手软；吃了嘴软。The same knife cut bread and fingers.水能载舟，亦能覆舟。A sparrow cannot understand the ambition of a swan.燕雀安知鸿鹄之志。Peace on the forehead and war in the mind.口蜜腹剑。Look before you leap.三

12、思而后行。Better die with honor than live with shame.宁为玉碎，不为瓦全。,形似意合,“形似意合”-间接对应Diamond cut diamond。强中更有强中手。There is no smoke without fire.无风不起浪。Dont bite the hand that feeds you.不要恩将仇报。(不要“狗咬吕洞宾，不识好人心”)There are plenty of fish in the sea.天涯何处无芳草。A straight foot is not afraid of a crooked shoe.身正不怕影子斜。Ki

13、ll two birds with one stone.一箭双雕、一石双鸟,形似意合,“形异意合”-间接对应A horse stumble that has four legs.人非圣贤；孰能无过？/金无足赤，人无完人。Late fruit keeps well.大器晚成。A hedge between keeps friendship green.君子之交（淡于水）。Rest breeds rust.生命在于运动。Many kiss the baby for the nurses sake.醉翁之意不在酒。All your swans are geese.事与愿违Penny wise and

14、 pound foolish.因小失大,形似意合,“形异意合”-间接对应Everybodys business is nobodys business.三个和尚无水喝。The moon is not seen when the sun shines.小巫见大巫。The pot call the kettle black.五十步笑一百步。Misfortune might be a blessing in disguise.祸兮福所倚，福兮祸所伏。The burnt child dreads the fire.一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。Justice has long arms.天网恢恢，疏而不漏A

15、 watched pot never boils.心急吃不了热豆腐。,形似意合,“形异意合”-间接对应Dont count the chicken before they are hatched.不要盲目乐观。What we lose in hake we shall have in herring.失之东隅，收之桑榆Save your breath to cool your porridge.各人自扫门前雪，莫管他人瓦上霜 The shepherd would rather lose the wool than the sheep.留得青山在，不怕没柴烧.,形似意合,形意相异-直译、意译、直

16、译+意译按图索骥 look for a fine horse with the aid of its picture try to locate sth.by following up a clear clue干打雷，不下雨 all thunder but no rain much clamor(吵闹声)but no action,形意相异,“形意相异”-直译、意译、直译+意译三下五除二 neat and quicka stitch in time saves nine.小洞不补，大洞吃苦。/亡羊补牢God helps those who help themselves.天助自助者。One s

17、wallow does not make a summer.一燕不成夏。,形意相异,I-III引语口译Interpreting Quotations,1992江泽民英国剑桥大学演讲，“中华民族历来尊重人的尊严和价值，还在遥远的古代，我们的先人就已提出民为贵的思想，认为天生万物，唯人为贵，一切社会的发展和进步，都取决于人的发展和进步，取决于人的尊严的维护和价值的发挥。”Man is the most valuable among all the things that heaven fosters.演讲结束时：“中国两千五百五十年前诞生的杰出教育家、思想家孔子说过：逝者如斯夫！不舍昼夜。时光流逝

18、不可逆转。”The passage of time is just like the flow of water,which goes on day and night.,I-III引语口译Interpreting Quotations,1999朱镕基总理访美记者招待会，有关“人权”问题，引用民为贵，社稷次之，君为轻The people are the most important element in a state;next are the gods of land and grain;least is the ruler himself.2004年6月28日，“和平共处五项原则创立50周

19、年纪念大会”，温家宝总理关于人类文明多样性：万物并育而不相害，道并行而不相悖（孔子）All living creatures grow together without harming one another;ways run parallel without interfering with one another.,温家宝总理上任的记者招待会林则徐：“苟利国家生死已，岂因祸福趋避之”I shall serve my country till the end of my life,regardless of fortunes or misfortunes.毛泽东：“雄关漫道真如铁，而今迈步从

20、头越。”The strong pass of the enemy is like a wall of iron,yet with firm strides we are conquering its summit.屈原：“路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索”My journey is long and winding,I will keep on exploring my way far and wide.,I-III引语口译Interpreting Quotations,温家宝第六届亚欧财长会议开幕式：“中国有句古话：相知无远近，万里尚为邻。中国与亚洲各国山水相连，共同铸就了灿烂的亚洲文明，古老

21、而美丽的丝绸之路，谱写了中欧千年往来的美好篇章。”Distance cannot separate true friends who feel so close even when they are thousands of miles apart.1984.4美国前总统里根访华:And as a saying from The Book of Changes goes,“If two people are of the same mind,their sharpness can cut through metal.”“二人同心，可以断金”（易经）,I-III引语口译Interpreting

22、Quotations,1998.6美国前总统克林顿访华，人们大会堂国宴：In so many different ways,we are upholding the teachings of Mencius,who said:A good citizen in one community will befriend the other citizens of the community;a good citizen of the world will befriend the other citizens of the world.一乡之善士斯友一乡之善士，天下之善士斯友天下之善士。（孟子）,

23、I-III引语口译Interpreting Quotations,1997江泽民访美：Something attempted,something done.(Longfellow)有所追求，才有所成功。1998克林顿访华，西安：Here in this city of your magnificent history we must always remember that we,too,are ancestors.Someday our children and their children will ask if we did all we could to build just soci

24、eties and a more peaceful world.Let our monument be their judgment that we did that.Let our progress include all people with all their differences moving toward a common destiny.Let us give new meaning to the words written in the ancient Book of Rites what you call the Li Ji:“When the great way is f

25、ollowed,all under heaven will be equal.”Xie Xie.Thank you very much.大道之行也天下为公选贤与能讲信修睦故人不独亲其亲不独子其子使老有所终壮有所用幼有所长矜寡孤独废疾者皆有所养男有分女有归货恶其弃于地也不必藏于已力恶其不出于身也不必为已是故谋闭而不兴盗窃乱贼而不作故外户而不闭是谓大同(礼记。礼运（卷七）),I-III引语口译Interpreting Quotations,古今名人经典名句：海内存知已，天涯若比邻A bosom friend afar brings distance near.工欲善其事，比先利其器。The mec

26、hanics that would perfect his work must first sharpen his tools.天生我材必有用Heaven has endowed me with talents for eventual use.路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索。The way ahead is long and has no ending,yet high and low Ill search with my will unbending.,I-III引语口译Interpreting Quotations,古今名人经典名句：有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎。It is such a de

27、light to have friends coming from afar.锲而不舍，金石可镂。If you carve without a break,even metal and stone can be engraved.欲穷千里目，更上一层楼。We widen our views three hundred miles by ascending one flight of stairs.天行健，君子以自强不息。As Heavens movement is ever vigorous,so must a gentleman ceaselessly strive along.,I-III

28、引语口译Interpreting Quotations,古今名人经典名句：学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。Learning without thinking leads to confusion;thinking without learning ends in danger.地势绅，君子以厚德载物。As the Earths capacity is to hold,so must a gentleman constantly cultivate virtue in himself to shoulder the world.天时不如地利，地利不如人和。Opportunities vouchsaf

29、ed by Heaven are outmatched by terrestrial advantages,which in turn are outmatched by the harmony among people.,I-III引语口译Interpreting Quotations,古今名人经典名句：富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈，此之谓大丈夫。It is true a great an whom no money and rank can confuse,no poverty and hardship can shake,and no power and force can suf

30、focate.不登高山，不知天之高也；不临深渊，不知地之厚也。One can never be aware of the height of the sky or the depth of the earth,if he does not climb up a high mountain or look down into a deep abyss.合抱之木，生于毫末；九层之台，起于累土；千里之行，始于足下。A huge tree that fills ones arms grows from a tiny seedling;a nine-storied tower rises from a

31、heap of earth;a thousand li journey starts with the first step.,I-III引语口译Interpreting Quotations,古今名人经典名句：千丈之堤，以蝼蚁之穴溃；百尺之室，以突隙之烟焚。A long dike will collapse because of an ant-hole in it;a tall building will be burned down because of a spark from a chimneys chink.三人行，必有我师焉。择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。Among any th

32、ree men walking,I will find something to learn for sure.Their good qualities are to be followed,and their shortcomings are to be avoided.学不可以已。青取之于蓝，而青于蓝；冰，水为之，而寒于水。君子博学而日参省乎已，则知明而行无过矣。There is never an end to learning.The dye extracted from the indigo is bluer than the plant;so is the ice colder th

33、an the water.By broadly learning and constantly examining himself every day,the gentleman sharpens his awareness and makes fewer mistakes.,I-III引语口译Interpreting Quotations,古今名人经典名句：知困，然后能自反也。知困，然后能自强也。故曰教学相长也。Knowing of his deficiency stimulates him into self-examination;the discovery of his confusion leads him to self-improving.Hence,teaching and learning promote each other.知人者智，知己者明。To understand others,it takes intelligence;to understand yourself,it takes wisdom.,I-III引语口译Interpreting Quotations,