简单句五种基本句型复习.ppt

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1、Welcometo our class!,简单句的五种基本句型,高考英语总复习：,Opening Ceremony,Military Parade,中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利70周年阅兵仪式,今年是世界反法西斯战争胜利70周年，也是中国人民抗日战争胜利70周年。,It is the 70th anniversary of both the Worlds Anti-fascism War and the victory of Chinas Resistance War against Japanese Aggression this year.,Learning Goals(学习目标

2、),1.学习并掌握简单句的五种基本句型的相关用法；2.通过做适当的练习（语法填空，汉译英等）来帮助巩固所学知识；3.激发大家对英语语法和写作的学习兴趣。,What kinds of English sentences do you know?,按句子的结构可分为,简单句,并列句,复合句,Thinking 1,1.The class can greatly inspire us.2.It was a song of peace and Id memorize each word.3.We should never forget the fact that Japanese invaded Chi

3、na.4.He is the very man that we are looking for.5.When I was young,Id listen to the radio waiting for my favorite songs.,并列句,简单句,由and,but,or,so这四个并列连词连接，而“，”是不能连接两个简单句的。,复合句,由一套主谓结构组成。,名词性从句,定语从句,状语从句,Identification,什么是简单句？,从结构上看，如果英语句子只包含_，句子各个成分都只由单词或短语表示，它就是简单句。,Thinking 2,一套主谓结构,虽然英语句子长短简繁不一，且表面

4、上似乎难以捉摸，但从实质上可以发现其内在联系，找出其共同规律。基本归纳成是：五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握以下简单句的五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础，更是提高我们写作能力的金钥匙。,Thinking 3,为什么要学习简单句？,简单句有哪五种基本句型？,基本句型一：+i+（主系表）,基本句型二：+l（主谓）,基本句型三：+t+（主谓宾）,基本句型四:+t+IO+DO(主谓间宾直宾）,基本句型五:+t+O（主谓宾宾补）,Thinking 4,特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做(连)

5、系动词。,基本句型一+（主系表）,1.含“是”意义的有：2.表感知状态的 有3.表示状态变化的有：4.表状态延续的有：,常见的系动词有哪些？,feel,smell,taste,sound,look;,become,get,grow,turn,come(true),go,run,fall;,remain,keep,stay,continue,stand;,be,seem,prove,appear;,主系表S+V+P,1.You are very happy.2.Everything looks nice.3.The weather became colder and colder.,Exampl

6、e,The boy is cute.,The little boy is very cute.,The little boy who has small eyes is very cute.,主语+系动词+表语S+V+P,+定语,+状语,+定语从句,17,1.In winter,the days _(be)short and the nights are long.2.At the age of fifteen,he _(become)a famous pianist.3.The leaves _(turn)yellow.4.Children seldom _(保持安静).,单句语法填空,ar

7、e,became,have turned,keep quiet,基本句型二+Vi（主谓）特点:句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。注意：该结构由“主语+不及物动词”构成,常用来表示主语的动作。如：The sun rises.此外，句子的主语可有修饰语-定语，谓语可有修饰语-状语。如:,V,S,=The red sun rises in the east.,主语+谓语S+V,The teacher was speaking.,The teacher in white was speaking.,The teacher in white

8、was speaking in the platform.,The teacher in white was speaking in the platform in 2012.,+时间状语,+定语,+地点状语,20,1明天她会过来。(come),She will come,tomorrow.,five years ago.,2五年前我住在武汉。(live),I lived,in Wuhan,3每天八点开始上课。(begin),every day.,Classes begin,at eight,in the past ten years.,4在过去的十年里，（在）我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。(

9、take place),Great changes have taken place,in my hometown,practice,Translation,基本句型 三+（主谓宾）特点：谓语动词都是实义动词，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟宾语(即该动作的承受者)才能使意思完整。此时，这类动词叫做及物动词或者短语。常见的及物动词有：like,enjoy,desire,expect,look for,take care of等等。e.g.We like the movie.S,V,o,They were playing a tug-of-war.,They were playing a tug-o

10、f-war on September 28th,2012.,They were playing a tug-of-war which our teachers took part in on September 28th,2012.,主语+谓语+宾语S+V+O,+时间状语,+定语从句,2023/10/3,23,1昨晚我写了一封信。2今天下午我想同你谈谈。3这本书我已经读过多次了。4.上周我收到了你的来信。,I wrote a letter last night.,I want to talk with you this afternoon.,I have read this book many

11、 times.,I heard from you last week.,Translation,基本句型 四+IO+D（主谓间宾直宾）特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完 整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。通常可改为：e.g.She gave Tom an apple.I bought him a pen yesterday.,主+谓+直宾+介词+间宾,=She gave an apple to Tom.,=She bought a pen for him,Lets have a try!,26,1.今年刘老师教我们数学。(teach)2昨晚她给我们讲了

12、一个有趣的故事。(tell)3.你能把那本字典递给我吗？(pass)4他给我们唱了一首歌。(sing),Mr.Liu teaches us maths,this year.,She told us an interesting story,last night.,Could you pass me the dictionary?,He sang a song for us.,基本句型 五+O（主谓宾宾补）特点：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。判断原则：此类结构能表达成（宾语）是/要做e.g.We made him the

13、 manager.主,谓,宾,宾补,Exercising,1我们叫她Alice.（call）2我们大家都认为他是诚实的。(consider)3我想要你把真相告诉我。(want)4.我们不会让她在晚上外出的。(let),29,We wont let her go out at night.,We call her Alice.,We all consider him honest.,I want you to tell me the truth.,Translation,分析下列句子的结构及其成分。1.Plants need water.S+V+O(主+谓+宾)2.The flower is s

14、o fresh.S+V+P(主+系+表)3.They work hard.S+V(主+谓)4.He gives me some seeds.S+V+IO+DO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)5.We should keep the classroom clean.S+V+O+OC(主+谓+宾+宾补),Exercises:,翻译下列句子并分析句子结构：,1.我经常在早晨读英语。2.玛丽是个聪明的学生。3.我的老师交给我一封信。4.我母亲经常叫我努力学习。5.我们叫我们的老师王先生 6.他正在房里做家庭作业。,1.I often read English in the morning.,2.Mary is

15、a clever student.,3.My teacher gave me a letter.,4.My mother often asks me to study hard.,5.We call our teacher Mr.Wang.,6.He is doing his homework in the room.,主+谓+宾,主+系+表,主+谓+双宾,主+谓+宾+宾补,主+谓+宾+宾补,主+谓+宾,请用所学知识完成下面的小作文。,我们班由53位成员组成。这是一个大家庭。我们经常彼此帮助。我们的班长是一个男孩。他学习很努力，并且时刻都准备好帮助别人。我们都很喜欢他。我们班是一个快乐的集体，

16、经常充满了笑声。每一个老师都很乐意帮助我们解决学习上和生活上的问题。为了能考上理想的大学，我们共同努力，共同进步，尽我们最大的努力去实现我们的梦想。,Homework,Suggested answer:Our class is made up of 27 members.This is a big family.We always help each other.Our monitor is a boy.He studies very hard,and he is always ready to help others.Our class is happy group,which is full of laughter.Each teacher is willing to help us solve the problems both in study and life.To enter an ideal university,we work together,make progress together and try our best to achieve our dreams.,Take a break!,Thanks,