非谓语动词-独立主格.ppt
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1、,独立主格结构,一般来说,分词或分词短语作状语,其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致。但有时候,分词的动作不是由句子的主语发出来的,它有自己的逻辑主语。独立主格结构本身不是句子,在句子中作状语,表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。,Given more time,we could do it better.,Nobody having any more to say,the meeting was closed.,It rained.,I stayed at home.,怎样将两个句子合并?,要求:可以使用连词,请将句子合并成并列句。,It rain so/and I stayed at home.,
2、并列连词:and,or,but,so,for,when,while,neithernor,eitheror,notbut,not onlybut also,要求:可以使用连词,请将句子合并为复合句。,Because it rained yesterday,I stayed at home.,要求:不适用连词,将两个句子合并为一个句子。,It raining,I stayed at home.,比较三句:,It rain so/and I stayed at home.,Because it rained yesterday,I stayed at home.,It raining,I stay
3、ed at home.,独立主格结构的概念:,“独立主格结构”是由名词或代词作为逻辑主语,加上分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语作为逻辑谓语构成。这种结构在形式上与主句没有关系,通常称为“独立主格结构”。,独立主格形式 1.名词/主格代词+If weather permits,we will go for a spring outing._,we will go for a spring outing.The boy stood there,and his hand was raised.The boy stood there,_.,Weather permitting,his hand
4、 raised,doing 主动 done 被动 to do 将来,I send you 100 dollars today,and the rest will follow in a year.I send you 100 dollars today,_in a year.,the rest to follow,2.名词/主格代词+(being)+adj./adv./介词短语/nAs the teacher was ill,the lecture was put off._,the lecture was put off.When the meeting was over,we left t
5、he room._,we left the room.,The teacher ill,The meeting over,She stood there,a book in his hand.,=book in hand,特殊:As there was no bus,we had to go back home on foot._,we had to go back home on foot.Because it is Sunday today,we dont have to work._,we dont have to work.,There being no bus,It being Su
6、nday,主语是代词时,being不能省,区别于分词作状语,分词做状语特点:现在分词作状语,表主动的动作,或表动作正在进行过去分词作状语,表被动的动作,或表动作已经完成。,1 When they hear the news,they all jumped with joy Hearing the news,they all jumped with joy.2 When it is seen from the hill,the park looks very beautiful.Seen from the hill,the park looks very beautiful.3 The chil
7、dren ran out of the room.They laughed and talked merrily.The children ran out of the room,laughing and talking merrily.特点:主语一致,分词作状语,独立主格结构Weather permitting,well go sightseeing in Gaopo.All things considered,her paper is of greater value than yours.结构特点:两个不同的主语,独立主格结构的形式:名词或代词+分词(doingdone)名词或代词+不定
8、式名词或代词+形容词副词名词或代词+介词短语名词或代词+名词There being+名词(代词)It being+名词(代词),分词独立结构由“名词+being”构成时,being常省略。,名词或代词+分词(doingdone),1)天气允许的话,我们去高坡观光吧。,Weather permitting(If weather permits),well go sightseeing in Gaopo.,2)综合来看,他的论文比你的更有价值。,All things considered(If all things are considered),her paper is of greater v
9、alue than yours.,He lay on his back,his teeth set,his right hand clenched on his breast and his glaring eyes looking straight upward.,3)他仰面躺着,牙关紧闭,双手紧握在胸前,两眼朝上直直地怒视着。,名词或代词+不定式,1)明天要考试,我今晚就不去看电影了吧。,The exam to be held tomorrow,I couldnt go to the cinema tonight.,They said good-bye to each other,one
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