动词不定式(九年级英语语法详解).ppt

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1、动词不定式,否定结构,不定式,to do,一般结构,not to do,.用法/功能,To see is to believe.To do that sort of thing is foolish.,(1).主语,不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语.这时可将其用形式主语it来替换,It is foolish to do that sort of thing.,To be here at Christmas time is my dream.2.To go abroad is his dream.3.To say is easy,to do is difficult.,It i

2、s my dream to be here at Christmas time.It is his dream to go abroad.It is easy to say,it is difficult to do.,My job to help the patient.Your task to clean the classroom.,is,is,(2).表语,作主语,To master a foreign language is really important nowadays.,To give up smoking is right.,1.当今掌握一门外语真的很重要。,2.放弃吸烟是

3、对的。,作表语,My job is to teach English.,To see is to believe.,1.我的工作是教英语。,2.眼见为实。,英语博客网,I want to go home.The workers needed to get better pay.I found it necessary to talk to him again.,(3)宾语,think/make/find it+adj.+to do,常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有：hope,refuse,learn,wantchoose,decide,agree,manage,pretend,plan.,作宾语,

4、Fred didnt have any money,so he decided to look for a job.,He promised not to tell anyone about it.,1.Fred 没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。,2.他答应不告诉任何人这事。,The teacher told me to clean the blackboard.I expect you to give me some help.,(4).宾补,五看,watch,see,look at,observe,notice,三使,let,make,have,二听,listen to,hear,一感觉:,

5、feel,warn,tell,allow,help,ask,force等,I made him do his work.,He was made to do his work(by me).,不定式用在介词but,except,besides后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to,相反则带to.,(1).She could do nothing but cry.(2).I have no choice but go.(3).What do you like to do besides sleep.,to,作宾补,She asked me to stay the

6、re.,1.她叫我呆在这儿。,2.请允许我介绍Mr.White给你们。,Please allow me to introduce Mr.White to you.,I have something to say.He has a lot of homework to do.He is looking for a room to live in.There is nothing to worry about.,(5).定语,(如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中不要忘掉介词.),1.不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面，而且放在其他后置定语之后。,不定式做定语与所修饰的词之间有三种关系：,

7、(1)动宾关系 I have a lot of work to do.我有很多工作要做。(2)主谓关系 He is always the first to come.他总是第一个来。(3)同位关系 We all have a chance to go to college.我们都有上大学的机会。,注意,2.不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点工具等，即使是及物动词，不定式后面仍须有相应的介词。,3.不定式所修饰的名词如果是time,place或way，不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。He had no money and no place to live.他没钱没地方住。,请给我一支写字的

8、笔.,Please give me a pen to write with.,4.something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。,注意比较：,Do you have anything to send?你有什么东西要寄吗？（不定式to send的动作执行者是you）2.Do you have anything to be sent?你有什么要（我或别人）寄的东西吗？（不定式to be sent的动作执行者是已被省略的me或someone else）,作定语,Do you have anything to say?,1.你有什么要说的

9、吗?,2.Betty是第一个知道这真相的人,Betty was the first to know the truth,He spoke loudly(so as/in order)to be heard.They jumped with joy to hear the news.Im too tired to walk any further tonight.,目的状语.,原因状语.,结果状语,(6)状语,(1).不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要 省略该动词.,eg:Would you like to go with me?Id like to.,(2).不定式是to be 结构,be 不

10、可省.,eg:Would you like to be a teacher?,注意,Id like to be.,注意,(3).动词不定式的否定式只须在to 前加 not.,My father decided not to take up the job.,The teacher told us not to be late again.,(4).不定式与疑问词who,which,when,how,what 等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语、宾补,He didnt know what to say.How to solve the problem is very importa

11、nt My question is when to start.He taught us how to use the computer.,注意：,在与why连用时，只用于why或why not开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带to。Why not have a rest?,宾语,主语,表语,宾补,固定句型:,had better/had best+(not)do sth.最好（不）做某事Why(not)do sth.?prefer to do/prefer doingprefer+n./doing A+to+n./doing Bprefer+to do A rather than(

12、to)do Bwould rather(not)do sth.would rather do A than(do)Bwould rather+句子（过去式）（虚拟语气）要做,Exercise,My teacher was made _ his teaching because of poor health.giving up B.to give up C.give up D.given up2.The Arctic is considered _ the northern part of the Atlantic.having been B.to have beenC.to be D.bein

13、g3.The light in the office is still on.-Oh,I forgot _.A.turning it off B.turn it offC.to turn it off D.having turned it off,B,C,C,4.-What do you think of the school?-It is a very good _.school to study in B.school for children to studyC.studying school D.school to study5.We find it impossible for us

14、 _ the work.A.to finish B.finishing C.being finished D.to be finished,A,A,6._ a living,she had to work from morning till night.To make B.MadeC.Making D.To have made7.I would rather starve to death than _ for food.beg B.begging C.begged D.to beg8.The boy pretended _ when his mother entered.reading B.to read C.to be reading D.being read,A,A,C,