初中英语常用动词归纳.ppt

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1、,中学英语时态,一般现在时,用法：经常性的和习惯性的动作 常用时间状语：usually,sometimes,in spring,every day,in the morning 动词构成：动词原型.work 动词+S.（主语是第三人称单数）works 否定构成：dont+动原 doesnt+动原 一般疑问构成及简答：Do+主语+动原+其它？Yes,I do.Does+主语+动原+其它？No,he doesnt.特殊疑问举例：What do you often do on Sunday?,一般现在时的用法 1)经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。I leavehomeforscho

2、olat7everymorning.2)客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.3)表示格言或警句中。Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄者必败。4)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。Idontwantsomuch.AnnWangwritesgoodEnglishbutdoesnotspeakwell.比较：NowIputthesugarinthecup.Iamdoingmyhomeworknow.注意：start,leave,go,come等的一般现在时可表示按 规定要发生的未来动作，

3、如列车将离开。,()1-_ they often _ these old men?-Yes,they_.A.Do;help;are B.Are;helping;are C.Do;help;do D.Are;helped;are,()2 They usually _ TV in the evening.A.watch B.will watch C.are watching D.watches()3The sun _ in the east and_ in the west.A.raises;set B.rise;sets C.rises;sets D.rises;set,练习,C,A,C,现在进

4、行时 用法：说话时正在进行的动作,前一段时间正在进行的动作 常用时间状语：now,these days 动词构成：am/is/are+现在分词(-ing)am/is/are working否定构成：am/is/are+not+现在分词一般疑问构成及简答：Am/Is/Are+主语+现在分词+其它？Yes,I am(he is.)No,they arent特殊疑问举例：What are you doing now?Who is flying a kite there?注意：go,come,leave,arrive,return,die等的进行时可表示即将要发生的动作.有时表示即将发生的动作。,现在

5、进行时的基本用法：a.表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。We are waiting for you.b.习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。Mr.Green is writing another novel.(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)She is learning piano under Mr.Smith.c.表示渐变的动词有：get,grow,become,turn,run,go,begin等。The leaves are turning red.Its getting warmer and warmer d.与always,constantly

6、,forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩.You are always changing your mind.,()1 _ you _ your homework now?A.Do;doing B.Are;doing C.Were;doing D.Does;do()2 _ your mother _ shopping at the moment?A.Are;doing B.Is;doing C.Is;taking D.Are;taking()3 _ the children _ the radio?A.Is;listening B.Is;list

7、ening to C.Are;listening to D.Are;listening,练习,B,B,c,用法：将来会出现或发生的动作常用时间状语：this evening,tomorrow,next month,in a few minutes,at the end of this term动词构成:1,will/shall+动原 2,am/is/are going to+动词原型 3,am/is/are(about)+动词不定式 4,am/is/are+coming等现在分词以work为例:will/shall work am/is/are going to work am/is/are(

8、about)to work am/is/are coming/leaving,一般将来时,否定构成：will/shall not am/is/are not特殊疑问句举例:What will you do tomorrow?When are we going to have a class meeting?备注：在if条件或as soon as等时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。,一般将来时1)shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在争求意见时常用于第二人称。Which paragraph shall I read first.Will you

9、be at home at seven this evening?2)be going to+不定式，表示将来。a.主语的意图，即将做某事。What are you going to do tomorrow?b.计划，安排要发生的事。The play is going to be produced next month。c.有迹象要发生的事 Look at the dark clouds,there is going to be a storm.3)be+不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。We are to discuss the report next Saturday.4)be a

10、bout to+不定式，意为马上做某事。He is about to leave for Beijing.注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow,next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用,一,()1 Look at the clouds._.A.Its going to rain B.Itll be raining C.It will be rained D.If it rains()2There_ two English films next week.A.is going to be B.are going to have C.will have D.are goi

11、ng to be()3 There is going to_ a volleyball match on our school playground.The match is going to_ at six this evening.A.have;be B.be;have C.be;be D.have;have,练习,A,D,B,用法：过去时间发生的或过去经常性的动作常用时间状语：yesterday,last night,two days ago,in 2000,at that time,before liberation(解放)，when 等引导的含过去时的句子。动词构成：动词过去时（-e

12、d）如：worked/used to work否定构成：didnt+动原 如:didnt work/used not(didnt use)to work一般疑问构成及简答举例：Did+主语+动原+其它？特殊疑问句举例：What did he do yesterday?When did he get up this morning?备注：He has opened the door.（表示过去“开门”的动作对现在的影响是门还开着）He opened the door.(不能确定门现在是否开着),一般过去时,一般过去时的用法 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。Wheredidyoug

13、ojustnow?2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.WhenevertheBrownswentduringtheirvisit,theyweregivenawarmwelcome.,()1 _ here and ask him about it yesterday?A.Did you come B.Would you not go C.You didnt come D.Arent you go()2 _ he _ a good time last Sunday?A.Were;were B

14、.Did;do C.Did;has D.Did;have()3 The students hardly studied the English language,_ they?A.did B.didnt C.were D.werent,练习,A,D,D,用法:1、发生在过去的动作且对现在仍有影响的动作，强调对现在的影响.2、从过去一直延续到现在的动作常用时间状语：already,just,never,before,recently,in the past few years,ever,so far,since+过去的点时间,for+段时间动词构成：have/has+过去分词(-ed)have/

15、has worked否定构成：have/has not+过去分词一般疑问构成：Have/Has+主语+过去分词?特殊疑问句举例：What have you done recently?How long has he lived in Beijing?备注：暂时性动词不能与for,since,How long等 表示段时间 的短语同时使用。,现在完成时,现在完成时的基本用法：1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。标志词:already(用于肯定句)、yet(用于否定句)、ever、never、just、before等。I have already seen the film.Has sh

16、e finished cooking yet？2.表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。标志词：for+一段时间，since+点时间，since+一段时间+ago,since+从句 for five years Miss zhao has taught maths since 2005 since five years ago,3.瞬间动词：一时的动作，不能与表示延续性的时间状语连用。e.leave.buy.arrive.give.find.join.die.,比较过去时与现在完成时 1）过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现

17、在的影响，强调的是影响。2）过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语:yesterday,last week，ago,in1980,in October,just now,具体的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语:for,since,so far,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,up to now,in past years,always,()1 _ you _ the novel that I lent you last week?A.Did;finish B.Have;finished C.Are;fin

18、ished D.Do;finish()2 He _ in our school for 20 years and he _ here in 1977.A.has taught;came B.has taught;has come C.taught;came D.has teached;has came()3 They are late.The film _ for five minutes.A.has begun B.has started C.has been on D.began,A,A,C,用法：过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在发生 的动作常用时间状语：at this time yeste

19、rday,at that time,at ten oclock yesterday或when引导的从句动词构成：was/were+现在分词(-ing)否定构成：was/were not+现在分词一般疑问构成及简答举例:Was/Were+主语+现在分词+其它？Yes,I was No,I wasnt特殊疑问句举例：What were you dong this time yesterday?Where was he standing when the teacher came in?,过去进行时,()1 _the Blacks _TV at seven yesterday?A.Did;watch

20、 B.Are,watching C.Were;watching D.Do;watch()2 The scientist_ a walk in his garden at four last Sunday.A.was taking B.would take C.took D.was taken()3 What _ from nine to ten last night?A.did you do B.had you done C.have you done D.were you doing,练习,C,A,D,用法：从过去某时间来看将要发生的动作或状态，常用于宾从常用时间状语：the next we

21、ek等动词构成：1、would/should+动原 2、was/were going to+动原 3、was/were(about)to+动原以work为例：would/should work was/were going to work was/were(about)to work否定构成：would/should not was/were not一般疑问构成：常用if或whether引导宾从特殊疑问句举例：He asked what they would do the next week.,过去将来时,用法：1、过去某时间或动作之前完成的动作或状态(过去的过去)。2、过去某一时间的动作延续到过去另一时间常用时间状语：by that time,by the end of,when/before+从句，said/knew/asked的宾从中动词构成:had+过去分词(-ed)以work为例：had worked否定构成:had not+过去分词一般疑问构成：Had+主语+过去分词+其它？Yes,I had.No,I hadnt.特殊疑问句举例：How many English words had you learned by the end of last term?,过去完成时,see you tomorrow！,