初中宾语从句讲解ppt.ppt

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1、名词性从句,副词性从句,形容词性从句,从句,adverb,adverbial,从句只是主句的一个成分。,例如，从句作主句的主语、宾语、状语等等。,定语从句、关系从句,关于从句的概述,名词性从句,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,补语从句（形容词后）,I am sure it will be fine tomorrow.,宾语从句,连词的选用,语序问题,时态的呼应,形式宾语,否定转移,（反义疑问）,P195-I,宾语从句的连接词,连词,连接代词,连接副词,that,whether,if,who,what,which,why,when,where,连接词的选用首先还是看意思,引导宾语从句的

2、连接词,P195-II,连词,that,whether,if,没有意思,不充当成分,是否,是否,不充当成分,不充当成分,引导宾语从句的连接词,P195-II,请完成 P196-1 翻译,我们相信每个人生来都是诚实的。,We believe that everyone is born honest.,P196-1 翻译,宾从中that不可省略的情况,that引导了两个宾从，第一个that可省略，其余不行。,P196-a,I believe(that)you have done your best and that things will get better,有it做形式宾语，那么that不可省

3、略。,宾从中that不可省略的情况,P196-b,She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him.,宾从中that不可省略的情况,P196-补充,Tom promised that if he could earn as much as 500dollars in this month,he would buy a computerfor his mother.,Tom promised that if he could earn as much as 500dollars in this month,he would buy a c

4、omputerfor his mother.,that之后紧跟另一个连词或者连接代词引导的从句。,宾从中that不可省略的情况,P196-补充,宾语从句,(,),(,),条件状语从句,Tom promised if he could earn as much as 500dollars in this month,he would buy a computerfor his mother.,宾从中that不可省略的情况,P196-补充,汤姆保证是否这个月他能赚到500美元,翻译无法进行,汤姆保证如果这个月他能赚到500美元,翻译非常通顺,但是花了双倍的时间,请完成 P197 上部 翻译,他说的

5、很清楚他不乐意当候选人。(makeclear),公司规定任何时候都要有人值班。(makea rule),P197 上部 翻译,He made it very clear that he didnt want tobe a candidate.,The company makes it a rule that someone must beon duty at any time.,我想你最好还是待在这里。,他还没有公布要结婚的时间。,P197 上部 翻译,I think it best that you should stay here.,He hasnt made it known when

6、he is going to get married.,It remains to be seen _ or not this idea canbe put into practice.,if vs whether,This depends on _ we are determined to do it.,whether,He considered _ he shouldnt tell her the secret.,if,She doesnt knows _ to get married now or wait.,whether,I dont care _ your car breaks d

7、own or not.,if/whether,whether,P197-2-补充,True or False,His father is concerned about if he will be kicked out of school.,if vs whether,P197-2-补充,if vs whether,P197-2-补充,因为介词后面只能用whether,True or False,His father is concerned about if he will be kicked out of school.,请完成 P197 下部翻译及小试身手,I didnt know wh

8、ether they liked the place or not.,我不知道他们是不是喜欢这个地方。,P197 下部 翻译,他的父亲很担忧他是否会失业。,His father is worried about whether he will lose his work.,I hope _ you can enjoy your stay here.,I wonder _ theres any need to spendso much money on the party.,whether/if,that,P197 小试身手,She is worried about _ she canget p

9、romoted.,whether,P197 小试身手,he was,She didnt mention whether _(he be)alive.,She is worried about _ she canget promoted.,whether,P197 小试身手,I wonder _ it will be fine tomorrow.,P197 小试身手,I will call my parent _ I can finish my workahead of time.,P197 小试身手,The Students Union has not decided _they would

10、hold a meeting or not.,P197 小试身手,不需要特定的公式，搞清楚每一个词汇的意思即可,连接代词与连接副词,who,whom,whose,which,what,谁（主格）,谁（宾格）,哪一个,什么,谁的,他们在从句中充当成分吗？,P198-3,请完成 P198 小试身手,P198 小试身手,为什么他必须一个人去。,为什么女人买鞋总是买不够。,He asked _.,why he had to go alone,Men will never understand _.,why women never stop buying shoes,P198 小试身手,鞋合不合脚自己知

11、道。,Only the wearer knows where the shoes pinch.,夹（脚）、夹痛,pinch,P198 小试身手,A.when would the conference begin,B.When the conference would begin,C.when will the conference begin,D.when the conference will begin,Professor Nelson wanted to know _.,不是陈述语序,不是陈述语序,时态没有呼应,P198 小试身手,A.when does the first bus ar

12、rive,B.when the first bus arrives,C.when did the first bus arrive,D.when will the first bus arrive,Im new here.Could you tell me _,please?,不是陈述语序,不是陈述语序,不是陈述句语序,could只是表达委婉，不是can的过去时,在宾语从句中，需要使用陈述句语序。,宾语从句的语序,P199-二,判断下面的句子是陈述句语序吗？,宾语从句的语序,Do you know the name of this flower?,The roses are in flower

13、 early this year.,Is there a God?,What your address is,P199-二 补充,总有一些句子不需要使用陈述句语序。,宾语从句的语序,I dont know whats wrong.,I dont know whats the matter.,I dont know whats on today.,I dont know which is the way to the cinema.,P199-二,宾语从句的时态,P200-三,原则,真理永远用一般现在时,过去时,现在时,主句,从句,不受影响,倒退一格,倒退一格,宾语从句的时态,P200-三,一般

14、现在时,一般过去时,一般过去时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在完成时,过去完成时,宾语从句的时态,P200-三 补充,常见的真理例句,The teacher said the earth moves around the sun.,The teacher told us light travels faster than sound.,He told me that summer follows spring.,请完成 P199-200 小试身手 2,P199 小试身手,A.what your name is,B.whats your name,C.what your is name

15、,D.your name is what,Will you please tell me _?,不是陈述语序,不是陈述语序,连词位置不对,P199 小试身手,A.dose it leave,B.it does leave,C.it leaves,D.it leave,Do you know what time _?,一般不会这么用,不是陈述语序,时态不对,为什么不用一般将来时？,The train arrives at 8:30 and leaves at 8:45.,这种用法多用在谈论时刻表、节目单、日程表。,按计划将会发生,通常要配合表示将来的时间状语。,这次车8:30到，8:45离开。,

16、P4-2 补充,P199 小试身手,A.dose it leave,B.it does leave,C.it leaves,D.it leave,Do you know what time _?,一般不会这么用,不是陈述语序,时态不对,为什么不用一般将来时？,P199 小试身手,A.I do,B.can I,C.do I,D.I can,Excuse me,could you tell me how _ getto the hospital?,不是陈述语序,一般不会这么用,不是陈述语序,(连接成宾语从句),Theyd like to know how I can get to the rail

17、way station.,P199 小试身手,How can you get to the railway station?Theyd like to know,(连接成宾语从句),P199 小试身手,“Do you want to try something new?”Toms mother asked him.,Toms mother asked him if/whether he wanted to trysomething new.,我只知道他在一个西方国家读书，但我不知道是哪一个。,P200 小试身手,I only knew he was studying in a western

18、country,but I didnt know what country he was in.,他告诉我他早就告诉过玛丽关于开会的事情。,P200 小试身手,He told me that he had already told Maryabout the meeting.,P200 小试身手,The teacher told the children that the sun_(be)round.,is,I believe that our team _(win)the basketball match.,will win,P200 小试身手,I knew that our team _(

19、win)the team.,had won,Father told me that practice _(make)perfect.,makes,would win,P200 小试身手,A.dose,B.will do,C.has done,D.is doing,Kate knows what John _ now.,时态不对,时态不对,时态不对,P200 小试身手,A.had finish,B.finished,C.would finish,D.have finished,She asked me if I _ my homework in an hour.,时态不对,时态不对,时态不对,补

20、充：试一试,A.we should arrive at the park,I want to know when _.,B.should we arrive at the park,C.the park we should arrive at,D.the airport should we arrive,不是陈述语序,语序不对,不是陈述语序,A.was the matter,I didnt know what _?,B.is the matter,C.matter was,D.the matter is,补充：试一试,时态不对,不需要陈述语序,时态不对，且语序不对,I think he is

21、not right.,I dont think he is right.,Which one is correct?,She didnt think that film was interesting.,She thought that film was not interesting.,否定转移,P201-四 补充,I think he is not right.,I dont think he is right.,当宾语从句表示否定的意义时，若主句主语为第一人称且谓语动词是think/believe/suppose/expect等带有主观色彩的动词时，应在主句上加以否定。,否定转移,P20

22、1-四 补充,Which one is correct?,She didnt think that film was interesting.,She thought that film was not interesting.,Which one is correct?,如果主句的主语是第二和第三人称时，它后面接的宾语从句的否定词通常不前移。,否定转移,P201-四 补充,否定转移句子的反义疑问句遵循下面的原则,否定转移,P201-四 补充,第一人称跟从句走，第二、三人称跟主句走,反义疑问句,助动一致、肯否相反,dont you,助动一致、肯否相反,第一人称跟从句走，第二、三人称跟主句走,Y

23、ou believe he is a liar,_?,否定转移,P201-四 补充,请完成 P201 小试身手,I dont believe he tells lies,_?,does he,I dont think(that)it will rain,_?,will it,助动一致、肯否相反,第一人称跟从句走，第二、三人称跟主句走,P201 小试身手,我认为你不应该早饭前吃水果。,她认为她不能以高分通过这次测试。,She thinks she cant pass the test with flying colors/with a high score.,I dont think you s

24、hould eat any fruit before breakfast.,P201 小试身手,与不定式的转换,P201-五 补充,在中考中，有关这个知识点的题型被称为,改为简单句,与不定式的转化,I dont know what I should do.,I dont know what to do.,?,=,复合句（有主句、有从句）,简单句（没有从句）,P201-五 补充,与不定式的转换,P201-五 补充,来看两道中考真题,与不定式的转换,P201-五 补充,I have no idea how I can operate the new machine.,2009 中考真题,I hav

25、e no idea _ _ operate the new machine.,how,to,改为简单句,与不定式的转换,P201-五 补充,2014 中考真题,The girl wondered where she would meet her friendsthe next morning.,The girl wondered _ _ meet her friendsthe next morning.,where,to,改为简单句,与不定式的转换,P202,此外，有两个特别的结构,what to do with,how to deal with,?,=,I dont know what to

26、 do with this messy situation.,I dont know how to deal with this messy situation.,?,=,与不定式的转换,P202,I dont know what to do with this messy situation.,I dont know how to deal with this messy situation.,=,与不定式的转换,P202,请完成 P202 小试身手,whether/if,P202 小试身手,I am not sure that they will come on time.,I dont

27、know if he will pass the exam with flying colors.,P202 小试身手,I am wondering how they work without computerand internet.,P202 小试身手,that,I am sure whether they will win this game.,P202 小试身手,I believe _ to _ an honest man.,him,be,I believe that he is an honest man.,保持原句意思,P202 小试身手,The story _ _ to be t

28、rue.,is,believed,We believe that the story is true.,保持原句意思,P202 小试身手,He expected that he _ _ forgiven.,would,be,He expected to be forgiven.,保持原句意思,P202 小试身手,I _ think that he _ in the office.,dont,is,He isnt in the office now,I think.,保持原句意思,P202 小试身手,We think _ possible _ he will pass the exam.,it,

29、that,He will pass the exam.We think it possible.,合并为一句,P202 小试身手,I _ think that English _ difficult to learn.,dont,is,English isnt difficult to learn.I think so.,合并为一句,P202 小试身手,形式宾语,I found that no one else had arrived strange.,end-weight,尾重原则,P202 补充,I found it strange that no one else had arrived.,?,=,一般不会采用第一种表达方式,