初中主谓一致讲解.ppt

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1、主谓一致,主谓一致是指主语和谓语必须保持人称和数的变化一致，即句中谓语的变化形式要根据句子主语的人称和数的形式决定。主谓一致通常遵循三个原则：语法一致、意义一致和就近一致原则。,语法一致是指主语的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。,语法一致,考点一：一般情况下，主语为单数可数名词或代词、不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数可数名词或代词时，谓语动词用复数形式。考点二：动词不定式或动词-ing 形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。,考点三：复合不定代词anyone,anybody,anything,someone,somebody,something,everyone,everybody,eve

2、rything,no one,nobody,nothing作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。,注意：1.“neither of/none of+复数可数名词/代词”作主语时,谓语动词用单、复数形式皆可。2.either指“两者之中任何一个”,作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。“either of+复数可数名词/代词”作主语时,谓语动词用单、复数形式皆可。3.each作同位语时,谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于主语的数;“each of+复数可数名词/代词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。,考点四：当用both.and.连接并列主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。当and连接的两个名词表示两个不同的概念时，谓语动词

3、用复数形式；当表示同一人、同一物或同一个概念，或表示不可分的整体时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。,考点五：当主语后面跟有with,except,including,along with,together with,as well as,in addition to等词语引导的短语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式由主语的单、复数形式决定。,1.Mr Wang together with his wife and children _ in the countryside.A.enjoys living B.enjoy living C.enjoys to live D.enjoy to live(2019贵

4、州铜仁),I.单项选择,2.There _ a large bowl of jiaozi on the table.A.is B.are C.be(2019福建),3.Lucy,there _ too many things on the desk.What a mess!Sorry,Mum.Ill put them away.A.have B.is C.are(2019湖南郴州),4.There _ a book sale in our school.Would you like to have a look with me?Sure.Id love to.A.is B.have C.are

5、(2019湖南湘西),5.Peter with his classmates _ for the bus when the earthquake happened A.is waiting B.was waiting C.are waiting D.were waiting(2019甘肃兰州),6._ there anything new in todays Qianzhong Morning Daily?No.But there _ some inspiring stories worth reading.A.Is;is B.Are;are C.Is;are D.Are;is(2017贵州安

6、顺),7.We all know that one of the worlds most popular sports _ football.A.am B.is C.are(2017贵州贵阳)8.Listen!The little girl _ singing in the room.A.不填 B.are C.is(2017黑龙江齐齐哈尔),9.Everybody except Mike and Linda _ there when the meeting began.A.are B.was C.were(2016四川自贡)10.Playing computer games too much

7、_ bad for students health.A.am B.is C.are(2016湖南张家界),11.Mary _ is my friend,as well as her sisters,_ Chinese in China.A.that;are studying B.which;have studied C.who;study D.who;studies(2017内蒙古呼和浩特),II.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.My mother with her friends often _(go)shopping on weekends.(2017甘肃兰州)2.Each of th

8、ese exercises _(take)one or two minutes to do every day.3.She likes nobody and nobody _(like)her.4.Both he and his wife _(enjoy)tennis.5.What would you like,orange juice or apple juice?Either _(be)OK.I dont mind.,is,goes,takes,likes,enjoy,考点六：一些由两部分构成的表示物体的名词作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式，如shoes,gloves,trousers,sc

9、issors,chopsticks等。但如果这些名词前有有量词如pair等修饰时，谓语动词的数与量词保持一致。,考点七：1.“a(large/small)number of+复数可数名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of+复数可数名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。2.“分数/百分数+of+名词”和“the rest/most of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数由名词决定。,I.单项选择1.The number of people in the city _ about seven million now.A.are B.has C.is(2017湖南益阳

10、)2.A number of visitors _ visiting theWest Lakeand the number of the visitors _ increasing.A.are;is B.is;are C.are;are(2017黑龙江齐齐哈尔),.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Toms gloves _(be)getting old.I think a pair of gloves _(be)a nice present for him.2.The two pairs of shoes _(be)on sale.I will take them.3.Toby had 1

11、00 yuan.He spent 50 yuan on food.The rest _(be)spent on books.,are,is,are,was,4.Two thirds of the land in my garden _(be)no good for growing potatoes.5.The number of women in my office _(be)20 and only 5%of them _(return)to work after having a baby.,return,is,is,意义一致是指谓语动词和主语的一致不是取决于主语的语法形式，而是由其意义决定

12、。,意义一致,考点一：当数词作主语或当表示距离、金额、时间等复数名词(词组)作主语时，通常作为整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式。,考点二：有些集体名词常指复数的人或物，谓语用复数形式，如police；有些集体名词作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式；如果指集体中的成员，谓语动词用复数形式，如family,class,team,group,crowd等；当population意为“人口数量”时，谓语动词用单数形式；意为“全体居民”时，谓语动词用单、复数形式皆可。,考点三：以-s结尾的单数名词如news,physics,maths,politics等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。,考点四

13、：1.“the+形容词”表示一类人作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。这类词有the brave,the poor,the rich,the blind,the young,the old,the sick,the dead等。2.“the+姓氏的复数形式”表示某一家人或夫妇两人，其作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Look!The Smiths _(eat)dinner in the kitchen.(2018甘肃兰州)2.500 yuan _(be)enough for me to buy a good bike.3.Two months _(be)a lon

14、g time.We can visit our grandparents during those days.,is,are eating,is,4.The good news _(be)that tomorrow will be sunny.5.Physics _(have)made much progress in this century.6.Police _(be)asking for the publics help with information about a lost boy now.7.The population of this city _(be)350,000.,is

15、,is,has,are,8.Five kilometers _(be)not long.I run even eight kilometers every morning.9.It seems that the rich _(be)getting richer and the poor _(be)getting poorer.10.My class _(be)rather noisy this morning.,was/were,is,are,are,就近一致是指谓语动词的数要与其最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。,就近一致,考点一：以or,not only.but also.,either.o

16、r.,neither.nor.等连接的名词(或代词)作主语时，谓语动词要和离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。,考点二：在there be句型中，如果有两个或两个以上的主语时，主语与谓语的一致通常遵循就近一致原则。,1.Whats in the picture on the wall?There _ a teacher and some students playing soccer on the playground.A.has B.are C.is D.have(2019四川凉山),I.单项选择,2.Either the students or the teacher _ him very

17、 well.A.knows B.to know C.know D.knew(2019甘肃天水),3.Neither my sister nor I _ been to Xian before.A.have never B.have ever C.has never D.has ever(2019广西百色),4.Not only you but also I _ interested in the cartoon called Peppa Pig.A.am B.is C.are(2019四川广元),5.Not only Jack but also I _ crazy about the foot

18、ball match.A.am B.is C.are D.be(2019新疆),6.Neither Jim nor Tom _ Australia before,but they know the country very well.A.has gone to B.has been to C.have gone to D.have been to(2017江苏泰州),7.Not only my parents but also my sister _ crazy about the TV play In the Name of People.A.is B.are C.have been(2017湖南长沙)8.Do you enjoy the songs sung by Jay Chou?Of course.Not only I but also my parents _ his fans.A.am B.are C.was D.were(2017江苏镇江),II.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.There _(be)two glasses of milk and an egg on the table.(2018黑龙江龙东地区)2.There _(be)tea or coffee you can have either.,is,are,