初三英语知识点.ppt

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1、,知识点背诵（1）：(1)动词不定式的单词：want to do sth.,wish sb to do sth.,hope sb to do sth.,ask sb.to do sth.,agree sb.to do sth.,decide to do sth.,begin to do sth.,start to do sth.,learn to do sth.,refuse to do sth.,promise to do sth.,manage to do sth.,offer to do sth.,fail to do sth.,afford to do sth.,tell sb.to

2、do sth.,invite sb.to do sth.,advise to do sth.,ask sb.to do sth.，agree to do sth.,choose to do sth.,expect to do sth.,would like to do sth.,(2)动名词的单词：enjoy doing sth.,like doing sth.,practise doing sth.,finish doing sth.,stop doing sth.,consider doing sth.,mind doing sth.,admit doing sth.,deny doing

3、 sth.,going doing sth.,suggest doing sth.,cant help doing sth.,give up doing sth.,go on doing sth.,keep(on)doing sth.,be worth doing sth.,be busy doing sth.,spend in doing sth.catching doing sth.,既可做不定式的单词又可做动名词的单词：forget,stop,remember,start,感官动词：see,watch,hear,notice,省略to 的不定式：使役动词：let/make/have/pl

4、ease sb.do sth.，但在被动语态中to 不能省略had better do sth.,(3)瞬间动词改成延续性动词：left-been away,died-been dead,joined-been in=been a member of,become-been,bought-had,borrowed-kept,got to-been in,came here-been here,fall asleep-been asleep,finish/end-been over,arrived here-been here,begun/started-been on,caught a col

5、d-had a cold,went out-been out,(4)反意疑问句中表示否定的单词：hardly,little,few,no,nothing,never,seldom,none,nobody,lets 用shall we?,Let us 用will you?(5)修饰形容词比较级的单词:even,still,much,far,rather,a bit,a little,three years,(6).A few,few,a little,little 的用法：a few,few 修饰可数名词，a little,little 修饰不可数名词a few,a little 表示“有一点”

6、，few,little 表示“否定”的意思，表示“没有”。碰到still,only,just 则用 a few,a little,(7)sometime,some time,sometimes,sometimes 的用法：sometime(将来的某一时候)，some time 一些时间 sometimes 有时some times 几次(8)Christmas 的介词用法：at Christmas,on Christmas Eve,on Christmas Day(9)take part in,join,enter for,attend 的用法：take part in 参加活动，比赛（con

7、test,match）join 加入一个组织，成为一个成员(WTO,Party,army)enter for 报名参加(item)attend 参加讲座，会议(meeting,lecture),知识点背诵（2）use 的四种用法：use sth.to do sth.用。去做某事used to do sth.过去常常做某事be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事be used to do sth.被用于做某事use sth.for doing sth.=use sth.to do sth.用。去做某事,2.be 动词的四种用法:(1)be+形容词：I am tall.(2)be+被

8、动语态：The window is closed.(3)be+动词不定式：My job is to be a teacher.(4)be+现在分词：I am listening to the teacher.,3八种时态的被动语态的结构：(1)一般现在时：beis,am,are+p.p：English is widely used in the world.(2)一般过去时：bewas,were+p.p:The film star was interviewed by the newspaper reporter just now.(3)现在进行时：beis,am,are+being+p.p:

9、(4)过去进行时：bewas,were+being+p.p,(5)一般将来时：will be+p.p:I will be given a present.=A present will be given to me.(6)过去将来时：would be+p.p(7)现在完成时：have/has+been+p.p(8)过去完成时：had+been+p.p(9)含有情态动词的：情态动词+be+p.p:This coat cannot be washed in water.,4.need 的四种用法：(1)need sth.：需要某物(2)need to do sth.：需要做某事(3)need do

10、 sth.：需要做某事（need 是情态动词）(4)dont need to do sth.：不需要做某事,5.连词的用法：分为并列连词和从属连词(1)not onlybut also=not only.butas well=as well as 不但。而且。用就近原则决定动词的单复数。(2)neithernor“既不。也不”。用就近原则决定动词的单复数。(3)eitheror“或者。或者，用就近原则决定动词的单复数。(4)neither of“两者都不。”动词用单数(5)none of“三者以上都不。”动词是单数还是复数由后面的主语决定。,6)bothand“既。又”。动词用复数。(7)an

11、d“和”。并列关系，表示肯定的关系。祈使句，+and句子=If you,youll.在否定句中and 要转化成or.Hurry up,and youll catch the early train.=If you hurry up,youll catch the early train(8)or“否则”.有转折关系。表示否定的关系。祈使句，+or 句子=If you dont,youll.举例：./Hurry up,or youll miss the early train.=If you dont hurry,youll miss the early train.，“或者”,用于疑问句或否定

12、句。,9)but,“但是”，although=though“但是”用了but,就不能用though,用了though,就不能用but.(10)so,“所以”,for,because,because of“因为”用了so，就不能用because。用了 because就不能用so。for 用于句中，because 跟句子。because of 后跟名词。(11)while,when“当。时候”。when 用于 主句：一般将来时，从句：一般现在时。主句：一般过去时，从句：一般过去时。主句：一般过去时，从句：过去进行时。while 用于 主句：过去进行时，从句：过去进行时。,(12)主句用一般将来时，

13、从句用一般现在时，简称主将从现的句子有：if,as soon as,when,notuntil(13)yet,用于现在完成时，在否定句、疑问句中把already 改成yet.“然而”,:The old teacher is very tired,yet she still works very hard.=Although the old teacher is very tired,she still works very hard.(14)if“如果,用于条件状语从句。主将从现。“是否”，用于宾语从句whether“是否”，用于宾语从句。和if 的区别在于whether 与or not 连用

14、。表示：是。还是不是。而if 不与or not 连用。,(15)as soon as“一。就”。主将从现 主句：一般过去时，从句：一般过去时。(16)as well as 比较级中表示“和。一样好”。主语A+as well as+主语B，动词由A决定单复数。(17)after：“在。后。”用于过去完成时或过去时。（做句意相同时要想到until）(18)until,not（wont/didnt）。until：“直到。才。”用于主将从现，或过去式。(19)since=now that,“既然。”it is+时间+since(过去式)，it was+时间+since(过去完成时),(20)sotha

15、t.“如此.以致于”从句中有can,cant,could,couldnt.so that,“以便。”可以和too.to,enough to,互换。(21)as：“当.时”=when,“由于”,“像”，跟like 的区别是：like+单词词组。as+动词词组。(22)asas,“和。一样”。not as as“和。不一样。”=lessthan(23)in order to,“为了”,后+动词原形。in order that“为了”，跟句子。(24)tooto,“太。以致于不能”。enough to“足够。能够。”(25)unless=if not“除非”,would rather do sth.

16、“宁愿做某事”had better do sth.“最好做某事”would like to do sth.“想要做某事”一、副词：1.加-ly:quick,slow,fluent,quiet,careful,careless,soft,wonderful,cheerful,excited,sad,clear,fortunate,active,serious,wide,bad,hurried,rude,impatient,kind,silent,polite2.去y+ily:heavy,lucky,noisy,easy,merry,greedy,happy,angry,busy,hungry,u

17、nlucky,tasty3.去e+ly:true,terrible,possible,probable4.同形：loud,early,fast,hard,straight,deep,late,high,划线提问的词：1.how soon:对in+一段时间的提问。2.how long:对for+一段时间的提问。3.how far:对距离的提问。(be far from)4.how fast:对速度的提问。5.how old:对年龄的提问。6which:对定语的提问或问哪一个？7.how often:对twice a week 的提问。8.when:对时间的提问。9.where:对地点的提问。10

18、.who:对人物的提问。11.why=what for:对原因的提问。,疑问词：How far(five minutes walk)How soon(in ten minutes)How fast(a mile in ten minutes)How long(for ten minutes)How often(twice a day)How many(two)How much(two yuan two kilos),八种时态的时间状语：1、一般现在时：sometimes,every(day),often,never,usually,on Sundays2、一般过去时：used to,yeste

19、rday,ago,last week,in 1990,the day before yesterday,just now,this morning,when 3、一般将来时：tomorrow,next year,soon,in two days,in 2008,this evening4、现在完成时：never,ever,already,yet,just,5、现在进行时：now,listen!,look!,these days6、过去进行时：while,when,at this time,at 8 yesterday,7、过去完成时：by the end of,when,宾语从句。8、过去将来

20、时：一般用于宾语从句中。,sb.pay money for sth.sb.spend money on sth.sb.buy sth.for moneysth.cost(sb)moneyIt cost sb.money to do sth.it takes/took sb.some time to do sth.,sb.spend time doing sth.sb.spend time on sth.sth.take(sb)timeit take sb.time to do sth.it take time for sb.to do sth.,1.找出陈述部分,2.看主语前的主体词是名词还是

21、形容词（副词）,做感叹句练习的方法,adj./adv.,n.,可数名词单数,用what a/an,可数名词复数,用what 修饰,不可数名词,用what 修饰,用 how 修饰.,Structures感叹句的构成,How+adj./adv.+(陈述句)!,What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+(陈述句)!,What+adj.+可数名词复数+(陈述句)!,What+adj.+不可数名词+(陈述句)!,反意疑问句的用法：1、表示否定的隐性词有：hardly,never,seldom,little,few,none2、s 的表示：(1)be late for 中的be 动词（is）;(2)ha

22、s+p.p 中的has3、there be句型用 isnt/is/arent/are there?4、Lets 用shall we?Let us 和其他祈使句用 will you?5、由 believe,think 连接的宾语从句，反意在从句上。,4、宾语从句的用法：1、一看连词，二看语序，三看时态2、注意连词：(1)特殊疑问句的连词用特殊疑问词(2)一般疑问句的连词用if 或whether,其中表示不确定的或有or not 的用whether,如：I have no idea whether I go to park.(3)注意语序：用陈述句语序，除：Whats wrong with you

23、?=Whats the matter with you?语序不变外。,1.You will get better soon.I hope _ you _ get better soon.,当宾语从句是陈述句时，连词由that引导,常省略,3.When does the next plane arrive?He hasnt told me _ the next plane _?,2.Can Tim finish the work in three hours?She wants to know _ Tim _ finish the work in three hours.,当宾语从句是一般疑问句

24、时，连词由if或whether引导,当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，连词常由疑问词引导,that,will,if/whether,can,when,arrives,He wondered _ he would go or not.,whether,若主句谓语动词为现在时（包括一般现在时，现在完成时，现在进行时），从句的谓语动词则根据本身实际需要而定。,1.You will get better soon.I hope that you will better soon.2.Can Tim finish the work in three hours?She wants to know if/whet

25、her Tim can finish the work in three hours.3.When does the next plane arrive?He hasnt told me when the next plane arrives?,1.He will go on a trip to Beijing in a week.My father told me that he _ _ on a trip to Beijing in a week.,若主句谓语动词为一般过去时，从句的谓语动词需视具体情况选用相应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去将来时、过去进行时或过去完成时)等.,2.Do yo

26、u prefer tea or coffee?Martin asked the man _ he _ tea or coffee.,3.How did he go to the Science Museum?Jane didnt know how he_ _ to the Science Museum.,would,go,whether,preferred,had,gone,1.We dont know _ they did it.A.how B.who C.what D.which 2.The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time.A.tha

27、t B.if C.when D.what time 3.Could you tell me where we _ next week.A.would go B.to go C.had to go D.will go4.The teacher told the boy that the sun _ in the east.A.rise B.rose C.raises D.rises,A.how,B.if,D.will go,D.rises,保持句意相同的句子：1、almost out of=hardly little,almost none=hardly any2、only=nothing bu

28、t3、the same+名词+as=as+形容词+as,如：the same age=as old as4、than 与not as/soas 互换,5、比较级改成最高级：比较级+than any other=最高级+in+范围或(of all)注意other,else 的用法。6、两句合并的句子用的连词有：instead of,because of,without,ifnot=unless,in order to+动词词组=so as to+动词词组=in order that+句子 sothat（如此以致于）,suchthat（如此以致于）,so that（以便，如此）,tooto（太以致

29、于不能）,enough to（足够能够）的用法：,so+形容词+that+带有can/could 的句子=形容词+enough to 的句子so+形容词+that+带有cant/couldnt 的句子=too+形容词+to 的句子so that 表示“以便，如此”+从句=in order to/so as to+动词词组such+形容词+名词+that+从句,知识点背诵（5）1.see 的用法：see sb.do sth.看到某人做一件事的全过程see sb.doing sth.看到某人做某事，看到的是一个点。2.alone,lonely 的用法：alone 作表语:be alone,live

30、 alone单独，即一个人。lonely 作形容词：feel lonely（感到孤独）3.forgetful,forgettable,unforgettable的用法：forgetful(健忘的)，forgettable(容易被遗忘的)，unforgettable(难以忘怀的),4.except,except for,besides 的用法：except 除了（同类事物比较），去除这个人或事物except for 除了，（不同类事物的比较）besides 除了，（同类事物比较），加上这个人或事物。,5.被动语态中to 不能省略的词组：make sb.do sth.be made to do s

31、th.let sb.do sth.be let to do sth.have sb.do sth.be had to do sth.see sb.do sth.be seen to do sth.notice sb.do sth.be noticed to do sth.hear sb.do sht.be heard to do sth.listen to sht.be listened to sth.,6.no longer=not.any longer7.feel sleepy 感到困乏 feelfelt（过去式）fallfell(过去式)fall asleep 入睡 go to slee

32、p 上床睡觉8.alive,living 的区别：alive 作表语，表示“活着”:be aliveliving 作名词表示“生存”：make a living;作形容词表示“活着”：living thingslive 作形容词，表示“直播”：a live TV program,10.like 的用法：feel like doing sth.中like 是介词，表示“想要做”，would like to do sth.想做like 介词“象”，like 做动词表示喜欢：like to do sth.表示个人爱好。like doing sth.表示一般的喜爱。11.on,about 的用法：about 关于，讲内容；on 关于，讲标题。也可做“通过”来解释。如：on the phone.,