初一上册英语知识点归纳.ppt
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1、初一上册英语知识点归纳,I.重点短语1.a bottle of 2.a little 3.a lot(of)4.all day 5.be from 6.be e back e from 9.do ones homework 10.do the shopping 11.get down 12.get home13.get to 14.get up 15.go shopping 16.have a drink of 17.have a look 18.have breakfast 19.have lunch 20.have supper 21.listen to 22.notat all 23.p
2、utaway 24.take off25.throw it like that 26.would like 7.in the middle of the day 28.in the morning/afternoon/evening 29.on a farm 30.in a factoryII.重要句型1.Let sb.do sth.2.Could sb.do sth.?3.would like sth.4.would like to do sth.5.What about something to eat?6.How do you spell?7.May I borrow?,Thats ri
3、ght./Thats all right./All right.Thats right意为“对的”,表示赞同对方的意见、看法或行为,肯定对方的答案或判断。例如:I think we must help the old man.我想我们应该帮助这位老人。Thats right.或 Youre right.说得对。Thats all right.意为“不用谢”、“没关系”,用来回答对方的致谢或道歉。例如:Many thanks.Thats all right.Sorry.Its broken.Thats all right.All right.意为“行了”、“可以”,表示同意对方的建议或要求。有时
4、还可以表示“身体很好”Please tell me about it.请把此事告诉我。All right.好吧。Is your mother all right?你妈身体好吗2.make/do这两个词都可以解释为“做”,但含义却不同,不能混用。make指做东西或制东西,do指做一件具体的事。Can you make a paper boat for me?你能为我做个纸船吗?Hes doing his homework now.他正在做他的作业。,3.say/speak/talk/tellsay:是最口语化的最普通的一个词,意为“说出”、“说道”,着重所说的话。如:“I want to go
5、there by bus”,he said.他说,“我要坐汽车到那里去。”Please say it in English.请用英语说。speak:“说话”,着重开口发声,不着重所说的内容,一般用作不及物动词(即后面不能直接接宾语)。如:Can you speak about him?你能不能说说他的情况?I dont like to speak like this.我不喜欢这样说话。speak 作及物动词解时,只能和某种语言等连用,表达在对话中恰当使用词汇的能力。如:She speaks English well.她英语说得好。talk:与 speak 意义相近,也着重说话的动作,而不着重所
6、说的话,因此,一般也只用作不及物动词,不过,talk 暗示话是对某人说的,有较强的对话意味,着重指连续地和别人谈话。如:I would like to talk to him about it.我想跟他谈那件事。Old women like to talk with children.老年妇女喜欢和孩子们交谈。tell:“告诉”,除较少情况外,一般后面总接双宾语。如:Hes telling me a story.他在给我讲故事。tell a lie 撒谎tell sb.to do sth./tell sb.not to do sth.Miss Zhao often tells us to st
7、udy hard.,4.do cooking/do the cookingdo cooking 作“做饭”解,属泛指。do the cooking 特指某一顿饭或某一家人的饭。cooking为动名词,不能用作复数,但前面可用 some,much修饰。从do some cooking可引出许多类似的短语:do some washing 洗些衣服do some shopping 买些东西do some reading 读书do some writing 写些东西do some fishing 钓鱼从以上短语可引申出另一类短语,不能用some,muchgo shopping 去买东西go fishi
8、ng 去钓鱼go boating 去划船go swimming 去游泳5.like doing sth./like to do sth.like doing sth.与like to do sth.意思相同,但用法有区别。前者强调一般性的爱好或者表示动作的习惯性和经常性;后来表示一次性和偶然性的动作。例如:He likes playing football,but he doesnt like to play football with Li Ming.他喜欢踢足球,但是他不喜欢和李明踢。6.other/others/the other/anotherother表其余的,别的,Have you
9、 any other questions?你还有其他问题吗?others 别的人,别的东西 In the room some people are American,the others are French.在屋子里一些人是美国人,其他的是法国人.the other表另一个(二者之中)one,the otherOne of my two brothers studies English,the other studies Chinese.我两个哥哥中的一个学习英文,另一个学中文。another表三者以上的一个,另一些There is room for another few books on
10、 the shelf.书架上还可以放点书。,7.in the tree/on the treein the tree 与 on the tree.译成中文均为在树上但英语中有区别。in the tree表示某人、某事(不属于树本身生长出的别的东西)落在树上,表示树的枝、叶、花、果等长在树上时,要使用on the tree.如:There are some apples on the tree.那棵树上有些苹果。There is a bird in the tree.那棵树上有只鸟。8.some/any(1)some和 any既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词。但有以下两点需要注意。some常
11、用于肯定句中,any常用于否定句和疑问句中。如:There is some water in the glass.Is there any water in the glass?There isnt any water in the glass.(2)在说话者希望得到肯定答复的一般疑问句中,或在表示请求,邀请的疑问句中,我们依然用some。如:Would you like some tea?,9.tall/high(1)说人,动物,树木等有生命的东西,主要用tall,不用high,例如 a tall woman 一个高个子妇女 a tall horse 一个高大的马(2)说一个不与地面接触的人
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