公差分析和尺寸链方法.ppt
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1、公差分析和车身尺寸链方法Tolerance Analysis&Auto-body Dimension Chain Method,车身质量控制系列讲座,1-D Tolerance analysisAuto-body Dimension Chain Method,Contents,Variation vs.ToleranceVariation Simulation MethodsAdvantages and Limitations of Each Method Integration of Key Characteristic of Product&ProcessAssembly Constrai
2、nts Tolerance and Solving of Dimension Chain,Part I1-D Tolerance analysis,3/49,Characterizing the performance of a process,Central tendency or mean:Spread or variation,4/49,Variation vs.Tolerance,Variation:is what the process gives us,may be quite different from the tolerance.Tolerance or Specificat
3、ion is the allowable level of variation,based on functional consideration,used to establish a parts conformability to design.,But the techniques for predicting variation or tolerance for an assembly is the same.,5/49,Variation Simulation,Given individual part dimensions and their distribution,what a
4、re the assembly dimensions?,But the method can applied more widely than mechanical assembly.The general form is:given a function Y=f(x1,x2,),and the distributions of xi,What is the distribution of y?,6/49,Variation Simulation Methods,Two things are essential in order to perform variation analysis.On
5、e is an assembly model or input-output model.The other is the distribution of variables.,7/49,Commonly UsedVariation Simulation Methods,Worst Case:(Conway,1948;Chase and Parkinson,1991)Root Sum Squares(RSS):(Spotts,1978,Lee and Woo,1990)Monte Carlo Simulation:(Craig,1989),8/49,Simple Variation Simul
6、ation Example,Given component tolerances,determine the variation in themeasured dimension(the gap between the blocks and the base).,In worst case analysis,it is assumed that the contributing dimensions are always within tolerance.By making this assumption worst case limits can be found within which
7、the measured dimension must always fall.,Worst Case Analysis,Root Sum Squares,The idea behind RSS is to treat a tolerance as a normal distributionwith certain process capability,and use random assembly.,Mean and variance of some linear functions,12/49,Monte Carlo Simulation,13/49,14/49,15/49,Lineari
8、zed Sensitivity Model,A general assembly model will be a function of the form:,Where xi are the component dimensions,and y is the resultant assembly dimensions.The mean dimension of the assembly will be:,(1),16/49,Linearized Sensitivity Model,To calculate the variance,we apply Taylors series expansi
9、on to Eq.(1),which will give:,In the special case when the assembly equation is linear,the expression for the assembly mean and variance are exact.However,for nonlinear assembly,the variance estimate may not be correct.,17/49,Linearized Sensitivity Analysis,x,y,18/49,Nonlinear Assembly Example,In th
10、e overrunning clutch assembly,we are interested in how variability in the component dimensions will influence the contact angle-the assembly dimension.,x1:hub widthx2&x3:roller diameterx4:cage inside diameter,(Greenwood and Chase,1990),19/49,Nonlinear Assembly Example,Nominal Dimensions:,x1=55.29 mm
11、x2=x3=22.86 mmx4=101.60 mm,20/49,Nonlinear Assembly Example,Variation:,If,By Root Sum Squares,By Monte Carlo,21/49,Advantages and Disadvantages,Worst Case Analysis:Conservative.Root Sum Squares:Simple,assume normal distribution,works for linear assembly only.Monte Carlo:Most general,works for linear
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