英译汉常见错误.ppt
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1、第三篇第10章英译汉常见错误例析,P.123,1、望文生义型错误,*注意一词多义的问题例5 Fight shy of the theoretical method of approach to the learning of English.译文1:从理论上讲,学英语的方法,就是要战胜害羞。译文2:学英语要避免只讲理论。释:fight shy of 习语:回避、躲避He always fought shy of the crowd.,例2 For the balance of the section,lets speak in straightforward and elementary te
2、rms to describe the function and form of the electronic computer.平衡?To balance剩余部分You may keep the balance.余额,The young man walked far into the woods to make water.那个年轻人走进树林深处去取水。那个年轻人走进树林深处去小便。fetch water才是取水。,例7 This failure was the making of him.译文1:这次失败是他造成的。译文2:这次失败是他成功的基础。释:make造成,也可作:发展或发达的过程
3、,成功的原因或手段。making 用作复数“要素、素质”.如:He has in him the makings of a scholar.他有学者的素质。,例8 They made an example of the boy.译文1:他们以这个男孩为榜样。译文2:他们惩罚这个男孩以儆他人。释:make an example of one=punish one as an example to others=make an example of the first offender as a warning to others;set an example 才是树立榜样,例9 He tried
4、 to seem angry,but his smile betrayed him.译文1:他试图看上去是生气的,但是他的笑容背叛了他。译文2:他假装生气的样子,可是他的笑容暴露了他的真实情感。释:him指his true feelings.英语中的人称代词并非都是指代人。它所指的内容要根据上下文而定。这体现了英语的简捷性,但是翻译时一定要译出它指代的是什么。如:When he was accused of theft,he turned red.,例10 Whats more,factory workers did not have enough money to send their ch
5、ildren on country holidays away from home.译文1:此外,工人们没有足够的钱,在全国性的假日里让孩子们离家外出度假。译文2:此外,工人们没有足够的钱,所以在假日里不能让自己的孩子离家去乡村度假。释:本句中country作形容词用,country holiday的含义是holiday in the country 在语义上是与city相对的,不是“国家”的意思。全国性的假日:national holiday,2.语法关系混淆型错误,例1 He has little concern for money,though he could have been ex
6、tremely rich.译文1:尽管他可以成为富翁,但他却不在乎金钱。译文2:他很少关心金钱,尽管这样,他本来也是可以成为富翁的。,例2 Any literate person on the face of globe is deprived if he does not know English.译文1:地球上任何有文化的人,如果不懂英语将被剥夺很多东西。译文2:世界上任何有文化的人,如不懂英语就算不上受过良好教育的人。释:deprived=underprivileged,意为所受教育和社会权益较他人少的,未享受到正当权益的,用以说明英语的重要性,is deprived不是被动语态,是系表
7、结构。,例3 He stole her a watch.译文1:他偷了她一块表。译文2:他为她偷了一块表。释:直接宾语和间接宾语的问题。=He stole a watch for her.偷某人某物 steal ones sth/steal sth from sb.,例9 It is time he began to work.It is(high)time sb./sth+过去时(虚拟语气)=It is time for sb./sth.to do是该做某事的时候了,3.逻辑型错误,此类错误指译文所传递的信息不符合常识,或者前后矛盾,也可称之为常识性错误。,例1 No one is so f
8、oolish as to believe that anything happens by chance.译文1:谁也不会愚笨到相信世间有什么偶然发生的事。译文2:谁也不会愚笨到竟然相信世间任何事情都是偶然发生的。释:世间没有偶然发生的事情么?,例2“I have served in nine presidential appointed offices,but nothing has as tough and complex as this,”译文1:我曾经担任过九个总统任命的职务,没有哪一次像这样棘手和复杂。译文2:总统任命的职务我担任过九个,没有哪一次这样棘手和复杂。释:如果“九个”在“
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