高三下学期英语课件-短文改错.ppt

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1、专题四 短文改错,Activity is the only road to knowledge.Bernard Shaw,考情分析,20092008年高考对短文改错的考查情况如下：,考点分类突破,高考短文改错的错误类型多种多样，概括起来主要是语法错误、逻辑错误和搭配错误。,考点分类突破,考点分类突破,高考短文改错的错误类型多种多样，概括起来主要是语法错误、逻辑错误和搭配错误。,一、语法错误,语法错误又可分为多种情况，主要有名词、冠词、代词、形容词和副词、介词、动词、非谓语动词、从句等。,一、语法错误,语法错误又可分为多种情况，主要有名词、冠词、代词、形容词和副词、介词、动词、非谓语动词、从句等

2、。,考点诠释,1.名词(The Nouns),考点诠释,名词错误主要有：单复数错误，可数名词与不可数名词混用。确定名词单复数可以通过以下几种方法：（1）看名词前的修饰语；（2）看主谓语的一致性；（3）可数名词前无单数修饰语通常要用复数；（4）分清可数名词与不可数名词的概念。,There are two girls from my course here and I plan to make friend with them.2009海南/宁夏高考,friends,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,1.名词(The Nouns),考点诠释,2.冠词(

3、The Article),考点诠释,主要考查表示特指和泛指的情况，包括不定冠词/n的混用，定冠词the多余或缺失；另外，固定结构中的冠词也是考查的重点。做此类题时要结合冠词的使用原则和句子的具体意义灵活运用。,The driver put the window down and offered us a umbrella because he found we were wet through.,an,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,2.冠词(The Article),考点诠释,3.代词(The Pronoun),考点诠释,代词的错误主要包括代词

4、的性、格与数的错用，涉及人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词、指示代词等。做这类韪时，要注意根据上下文，弄清文中代词的指代关系。,When I was in high school,most of my friends had bicycles.I hoped I could also have it.,one,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,3.代词(The Pronoun),考点诠释,考点诠释,形容词和副词错误主要有：形容词、副词混用；比较等级的误用，做此类题目要注意结合上下文，明确其意义和前后关系。,4.形容词(The Adjective

5、)和 副词(The Adverb),Everyone else seems very nice and warmly here.2009海南/宁夏高考,warm,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,4.形容词(The Adjective)和 副词(The Adverb),考点诠释,5.介词(The Preposition),考点诠释,介词错误主要是介词的多余、缺失或错用。做介词题目，要考虑介词的意义用法及固定搭配用法。,I asked my father the money.2009海南/宁夏高考,for,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例

6、透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,5.介词(The Preposition),考点诠释,6.连词(The Conjunction),考点诠释,连词错误指连词的缺失及错用。连词误用包括表示转折、因果、并列、递进等关系词的误用，解答时不仅要注意把握词与词、句与句或段与段之间的关系，有时还要排除汉语影响。,This man might need the umbrella himself,and he preferred to give it to someone else.,but,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,6.连词(The Conjuncti

7、on),考点诠释,7.动词(The Verb),考点诠释,动词错误主要有：时态和语态的误用；及物和不及物动词误用；动词宾语形式错误；主语和谓语的不一致等。就此问题，需要把握文中动词时态的主旋律，搞清主动与被动，熟记某些动词的宾语形式并且全面理解有关主谓一致的规则。,I stood there and couldnt believe that a complete stranger is so thoughtful.,was,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,7.动词(The Verb),考点诠释,考点诠释,非谓语动词方面出现的错误主要体现在动词不定

8、式、现在分词、过去分词及动名词的误用。明确句中动词所作句子成分，系统掌握非谓语动词的各项功能是解题的关键。,考点诠释,考点诠释,非谓语动词方面出现的错误主要体现在动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词及动名词的误用。明确句中动词所作句子成分，系统掌握非谓语动词的各项功能是解题的关键。,8.非谓语动词(the Non-Finite Verbs),考点诠释,It was a lesson to us that it was possible to give without expect anything in return.,expecting,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,

9、典例透析,典例透析,8.非谓语动词(the Non-Finite Verbs),考点诠释,9.从句(Subordinate Clauses),考点诠释,从句方面的错误主要设置在从句连接词的误用、缺失、多余等方面，正确判断从句的类型（名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句）是正确判断连接词的基础。,One day I saw a second-hand bicycle,that was only one hundred yuan.,which,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,9.从句(Subordinate Clauses),考点诠释,二、逻辑错误,考点诠

10、释,1、逻辑错误主要表现在肯定与否定以及表示递进、转折、因果等关系的关联词上。2、判断这类错误，要从上下文、习惯用法、并列句或复合句等角度入手。若为并列句，则要从上下文来判断句与句之间是并列、转折、选择、递进还是其他关系；若为复合句，则应首先判断从句类型，然后根据主、从句间的逻辑关系做出正确判断。,考点诠释,The angel touched his eyes,but he could see everything clearly.,and,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,二、逻辑错误,考点诠释,三、搭配错误,考点诠释,搭配错误主要是指一些固定句型、句式或习惯用语的

11、错用。做此类题首先要准确掌握句型、句式或习惯用语的正确形式和确切含义，然后判断是否有多用、漏用和错用介词、副词、连词、冠词等情况。,考点诠释,He never watches where he is going,so he often gets into the trouble.,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,典例透析,三、搭配错误,was,a,understanding,really,poor,She,and,Before,has,Life is a profound book.Others notes cannot replace your own understanding.May you find and create something new in it.,生活是一本精深的书，别人的注释代替不了自己的理解。愿你有所发现，有所创造。,