语法专项六动词与动词短语.ppt

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1、动词及动词短语,break out爆发；break down坍塌，坏掉，失败，中止，(精神、身体等)垮掉；come up(计划、建议等)被提出；die away渐渐消失；get along进展；get up起床，站起来；give in屈服；go on继续；grow up长大；hold on坚持，等一会；look ahead向前看；pass away去世；run out(时间、物品)被用光；start off出发；stay up熬夜；watch out当心；wait up不睡觉，等候；wake up醒来。,2.不及物动词介词“不及物动词介词”结构后需带宾语。常见的此类介词有for，about，o

2、ver，after，into，at，to，on，across，with等。account for作出解释，说明，导致；break into破门而入；call for去叫(人)，需要，呼吁；care for喜欢，关心；care about在乎；come across偶然碰到；deal with处理，对付；get over克服；go about着手做；laugh at嘲笑；look after照顾；look into调查；run into碰到，偶然遇上；stand for代表；stick to坚持；wait for等候；wait on伺候。,3及物动词副词“及物动词副词”结构有的必须加宾语，宾语如

3、果是人称代词的宾格形式(如：it，them，us，me，you，him，her等)，需将其放在动词和副词中间；如果是名词或nothing，everything等代词时，可以放在动词和副词中间，也可以放在副词后面。有的不能加宾语，相当于一个不及物动词。,add up加起来；break off折断，中止；bring in引进，赚取；bring up抚养，提出，呕吐；call off中止，取消；carry out实施，执行；drink up喝光；find out查明，查出；get in收割；give away暴露，捐赠；hold up举起，阻止，抢劫；point out指出，指明；put off推迟

4、；put on穿上，上演；put out使熄灭；put up举起，张贴；pick up捡起，接某人，加快；take off起飞；take down声音调小，拒绝；turn in上交；turn up出现，找到；wear out磨损，使筋疲力尽；work out计算出。,4动词副词介词get away from逃离；get along with进展；get away with逃脱处罚；get down to开始认真做；get through to与通话；keep away from远离；keep up with 跟上；keep on with继续做；live up to不辜负；look down

5、upon/on蔑视，瞧不起；look forward to盼望；look out for警惕；make up for弥补；settle down to开始做某事；run out of用光；put up with容忍；come up with提出；go in for喜欢；hold on to紧紧抓住；look about/around for到处寻找。,5.动词名词make sense讲得通；make the bed整理床铺；make a bet打赌；make a bow鞠躬；make faces扮鬼脸；make fashion做样子；lose courage丧失勇气；lose heart灰心；

6、lose interest失去兴趣；lose patience失去耐心；lose weight减肥；take action采取行动；take advice征求意见；take aim瞄准；take breath歇口气；take care当心；take charge看管；take ones time慢慢来；take courage奋勇；take effect生效；take exercise做体操；take place发生；take power取得政权；take office就职。,6.动词名词介词make contributions to对作出贡献；make friends with与交朋友；ma

7、ke fun of取笑；make peace with与讲和；make preparations for为作好准备；make progress in在取得进步；make room for为腾出空；make sense of理解，弄明白；make way for让路给；make use of利用；take advantage of利用；take care of照顾；take charge of负责，看管；take command of开始控制；take delight in乐于；take hold of握住；take notice of注意到；take part in参加；take pride

8、in以为自豪。,7.动词介词名词bring.to an end使结束；bring.under control使在掌控下；have.in mind牢记；keep.in mind牢记；keep.in touch使保持联系；bear.in mind牢记；put.at ease使放松；put.into effect使生效；learn.by heart背熟；know.by heart熟记；take.by surprise使吓一跳；set.on fire点火烧；take.into account把考虑在内；take.into consideration把考虑在内。,8.带宾语的动词短语burst into

9、 tears突然大哭起来；come into being形成；come into power执政；come into use开始被运用；come to the point言归正传；come into effect生效；go to bed上床睡觉；fall into pieces崩溃；put on weight长胖；stay/keep in touch保持着联系；get in touch取得联系。,例如：(2011安徽师大附中一模)In order to stop poverty，the World Bank has_its focus to providing technical assist

10、ance and longterm loans to developing countries.Afixed BexchangedCtransferred Dswitched解析句意：为了消除贫穷，世界银行已把注意力转到向发展中国家提供技术援助及长期贷款上。switch ones focus to“把注意力转到”。答案D,2体会英语语境，准确辨析词义。单项填空对动词的考查是在语境中考查词义辨析，特别是同义词和近义词的辨析。这些选项从汉语翻译上看可能是同义词或近义词，但其英语含义不同，而且可能有不同的习惯搭配。因此做动词词义辨析题目时不能根据选项的汉语字面意义选择答案。同时，要注意对动词的一词多

11、义和熟词生义的考查。,I am wondering whether you can remember the name of the place?Im afraid that_me for the moment.Areminds BworriesCdisturbs Descapes,解析句意：我想知道你还能记住那个地名吗？我现在恐怕想不起来。remind 提醒，使想起；worry 担心，担忧；disturb 打扰，扰乱；escape常用的意思“逃跑，逃避；摆脱，逃脱”，这里考查其“被忘掉，被忽视”的意思，故D项符合题意。答案D,3分类归纳词组，构建知识网络。动词词组辨析题主要考查考生对英语中动

12、词词组的识记和运用。在备考过程中要注意对动词词组进行归纳、比较，做题时，一方面要揣测命题人的意图，分析句子结构，正确理解句子的意思；另一方面要明白动词词组的不同意思，并且能区别相似词组的意义，从而选出正确答案。,例如：(2012浙江杭州七校联考)To_good relationships with your teachers and classmates,you should learn to share ups and downs with them.Abring up Badd upCkeep up Dtake up解析句意：要想和同学老师保持良好的关系，你应该学会和他们同甘共苦。brin

13、g up 带来；add up 增加；keep up 保持，维持；take up 占据，从事，故C项符合题意。答案C,(2012浙江温州八校期末联考)The boss has never expected that his secretary should_such an issue at the meeting.Abring in Bbring downCbring up Dbring about解析句意：老板怎么也没有想到他的秘书会在会议上提出这样一个问题。bring in 引进，收获；bring down 减低，使落下；bring up 提出，抚养；bring about 带来，故C项正确。答案C,温,示,提,馨,请做：课时作业（46）,课时作业堂堂清（点击进入）,