英语语法第三讲代词、it的用法和连词.ppt
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1、语法专题复习,第三讲代词、it的用法和连词,代词考点透析1人称代词的主格、宾格、两种物主代词及反身代词,人称代词的主格在句中作主语,宾格作宾语,形容词性物主代词作定语,即其后必须有一个名词,名词性物主代词在句中的作用相当于一个名词,可作主语、宾语、表语等,其后没有名词。反身代词在主语、宾语、表语后做这些成分的同位语,意为“亲自”、“亲眼”、“某某本人”。在语法填空中,这个知识点出现的频率相当高。如:,It was John himself that put him in trouble.You can believe me.I saw it myself.My bag is bigger th
2、an yours.,2one,ones,the one,that,those可以代替前面出现的名词以避免重复。onea名词单数,the onethe名词单数,thatthe名词单数。ones,those代前面的名词复数,thosethe名词复数。one,ones前可以有形容词修饰。如:,I dont like this skirt.I like the red one.Im planning to buy a house.Id like one with a garden.The population in Guangzhou is bigger than that in Changsha.I
3、 prefer the apples in the basket to those in the box.,3none,nothing,nobody(no one)的区别。none既可指人,也可指物,且表特指概念,回答how many、how much等问题;nobody(no one)只能指人,且表泛指概念,常回答who引起的问题;nothing只能指物,常回答what引起的问题。另外,no one后不带of短语,none后可带of短语。,4few,a few,quite a few,many修饰可数名词,little,a little,quite a little,much修饰不可数名词。
4、5another泛指另一个,the other特指两个中的另一个,others泛指“其他”,后不带名词,other后带名词复数,the others指特定范围中其他的人或物,后不带名词。,This coat doesnt fit me.Will you show me another?Thirty students in our class are girls,and the others are boys.,6注意下列句型:One.The other.一个另一个Some.,others.,and still others.有的有的还有的7not 与all,everybody,everyone
5、,everything等连用,或“not every名词”结构,都表示部分否定。如:Not all the students agree with this opinion.并非每个学生都同意这个观点。Not everyone is interested in football.并不是每个人都对足球感兴趣。All the boys dont like smoking.不是每个男孩都喜欢吸烟。,it 的用法考点透析一、代词 it的用法以及它与one,that 的辨析是高考题的热点,应掌握下面的要点。,(1)it 为特指,代单数可数名词,一般代替一个具体的事物,不带修饰成分。a.用作人称代词,代替
6、前文提到的事物Whats this?Its a pen.b.代替指示代词this,thatc.表示时间、天气、距离、季节、明暗等How far is it to New York?Its 400 kilometers.,(2)one a.泛指,代前面出现过的名词单数,避免重复。(用ones代替前面出现过的复数名词)。可用this/that/each/which及形容词修饰,也可与冠词连用,或带后置定语。如:He has no child,and he wants to adopt one.他没有孩子,想认养一个。b.作不定代词时,可以泛指人。意为;“一个人,一种人”。如:One should
7、do ones duty.人人应该尽责。比较:There was a piano in the shop,so I decided to buy it at once.(it 特指上文出现的piano,与piano是同一事物)I wanted to buy a house and Id like one with a garden.(one=a house),There are many good flats for you to choose.Would you like to buy one?(one=a flat,one 指many good flats中的一个)(3)that 代单数可
8、数名词或代不可数名词,只可带后置定语。此处that只能代替物,不能代替人。those可指人,也可指物。在比较状语从句中,特指前面提到的同一类东西。The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.北京的人口多于上海。,二、引导词it(1)it指时间时的重要句型aIt is(high)time(that)主语should do/did sth.It is(high)time that this problem was solved.bIt is.since.It is two years since he came to work
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