英语句子成分及结构讲解.ppt

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1、.十种词类和九种句子成分,词类：名代数 形动副 冠介连 叹 成分：主谓宾 定状补 表同位 插入语,一.名代数,1.I met my best friend Tom at the station.2.I find Tom a kind man.3.Tom is a worker4.Please give Tom a paper cup.,代词 主语,代词 定语,名词 宾语,名词 同位语,名词 宾语,代词 主语,名词 宾语,名词 补语,名词 主语,名词 表语,名词 宾语,名词 定语,名词 宾语,二.形容词,1.She is a beautiful girl.2.She is a beautiful

2、 girl.3.I find English easy to learn.4.He came back home,tired and hungry.,_,表语,_,状语,_,_,补语,定语,三.副词,定义：修饰动词，形容词，副词或全句。说明时间，地点，程度，方式等概念的词叫副词。,三.副词,1.It rained yesterday.2.He had to stay there.3.You are quite right.4.Dont ride too fast.4.Indeed,youre mistaken.5.He walked strangely.6.The arrow hit the

3、apple right in the middle.,_,时间,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,地点,修饰形容词,修饰动词,修饰副词,修饰句子,修饰动词表示方式,修饰介词,作状语,三.副词,1.The light is still on.2.Class is over now3.He is abroad last year.,_,_,_,_,_,_,作状语，修饰on,表语,作状语，表示时间,表语,表语,作状语，表示时间,作表语,四.冠词,an hour a European countrya useful suggestion,五.介词,介词不能单独使用，要和后面的词一起构成介词短语方可在句中使用

4、。,五.介词,1.We took a trip at weekends.2.Can you write in English.3.Because of what you said,he got angry.4.He is in the room.5.He found himself in an unknown land.6.The girl under the tree is Mary.,_,_,_,_,_,_,补语,状语,状语,表语,状语,定语,状语，表语，补语，定语,五种简单句基本句型,1.The teacher came.2.I dont know the boy.3.The idea

5、sounds great.4.He told me a story.5.I found her very anxious.,主语谓语(s.+vi.),主语谓语+宾语(s.+vt.+o.),主语系表语(s.+link.v.+p),主语谓语间宾直宾(s.+vt.+sb.+sth.),主语谓语宾语宾补(s.+vt.+0.+o.c),.句子结构,比较下列句子：1.I walked along the river.I met Tom.2.I walked along the river and I met Tom.3.When I walked along the river,I met Tom.4.(

6、When)walking along the river,I met Tom.,.句子结构,非谓语作状语1.为了赶上早班车，他起的很早。2.正直向前走，你就会到达关林庙。3.被一群人跟着，他进来了。4.她坐在那，陷入了沉思。,In order to catch the early bus,he got up early.,Going straight ahead,youll get to Guanlin Temple.,Followed by a group of people,he came in.,She sat there,lost in thought.,非谓语作状语,总结：1.非谓语

7、作状语，其逻辑主语和主句的主语一致.2.若表目的就用 to do其余的用的-ing 或-ed形式，依据和句子主语的关系而定，主动用+ing 被动用+ed,With的复合结构,比较下面两组句子：1.I walked along the river.I met Tom.Walking along the river,I met Tom.2.Time went by.He grew old.As time went by,he grew old.Going by,he grew old.()With time going by,he grew old.()思考：什么情况下才能使用的复合结构？,当两句的主语不一致且没有连词出现时，才能使用with的复合结构。,Exercise,1._along the river,I met Tom.A.When I walking B.When walking C.Walking D.Walked E.I walked F.With walking G.With I waling H.When I walked,B C H,