现代安全管理技术与跨国石油公司(BP)的HSE管理介绍.ppt
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1、现代安全管理技术与跨国石油公司(BP)的 HSE 管理介绍,开始之前,Introduce yourself 自我介绍,徐伟东David Xu2005.6 今深圳佳保安全培训 20042005 BP全球液化气亚太区HSSE 经理20032004 BP中国液化气 HSSE 经理19992002 ARCO Y13 安全部高级工程师19971999 CNOOC 南海东部安全部19941997 中国地质大学北京研究生院19901994 江西九江水利电力局19861990 桂林工学院,Course disciplines 课间要求,开始之前,现代安全管理十大理念BP 八条黄金规则高级安全审核事故调查与根源
2、分析,课程安排,This event and the Bhopal disaster triggered the development of the PSM standard,Phillips 66 Houston Chemical Complex Pasadena,Texas Oct.23,1989,On October 23,1989,at approximately 1:00 p.m.,an explosion and fire ripped through the Phillips 66 Company Houston Chemical Complex in Pasadena,Tex
3、as.Twenty-three workers were killed and more than 130 were injured.Property damage was nearly three-quarters of a billion dollars.The accident resulted from a release of extremely flammable process gases that occurred during regular maintenance operations on one of the plants polyethylene reactors.T
4、he evidence showed that more than 85,000 pounds of highly flammable gases were released through an open valve.A vapor cloud formed and traveled rapidly through the polyethylene plant.Within 90 to 120 seconds,the vapor cloud came into contact with an ignition source and exploded with the force of 2.4
5、 tons of TNT.,Example-Texas City March 20052005 美国德克萨斯A competitors perspective,BP AMOCO EXPLOSION MARCH 05BP 阿莫科化工厂大爆炸15 人死亡100 受伤30 公众人员受伤8 重伤,化工厂基本概况工厂位于德克萨斯城,距离休斯顿东南35公里BP AMOCO 化工厂占地120亩,包括30 化工装置,建厂已71 历史。BP 全球最大的化工厂,是美国第三大化工厂。,Explosion was a believed to be the result of an Unconfined Vapour
6、Cloud Explosion from a release of Benzene/Heptane from a Raffinate Splitter on a 180 kL/hr Isomerisation Unit.The unit was being started up after a 2 week shutdown for reactor repairs.12 months earlier an explosion on startup had also occurred with no injuries.Exact quantities of hydrocarbon involve
7、d have not been determined as yet.,This photographer captured a“before”and“after”photograph of the initial blast.,About 375 employees of contracting firms Jacobs and JE Merit were doing shutdown maintenance work at an Ultracracker unit near the Isomerisation unit when the blast occurred.They were no
8、t working on the Isomerisation unit.,Most of the damage to the process unit was thermal(from the fire which ensued after the explosion).,“The fire was extinguished by nightfall.A portion of the plant was reduced to a pile of smouldering,gnarled metal”(L.A.Times),Of those killed,11 worked for compani
9、es servicing a different part of the Refinery entirely.This photo shows the temporary offices at the bottom,and a storehouse near the top of the photo.Several people died in this“temporary office trailer”which was used for Safety Briefings,Progress Meetings,and Consultation amongSupervisors.The temp
10、orary offices was within 50 metres of the blast zone,The decision“on where to place such trailers would be a big part of the investigation,Im sure”BP Spokesman Bill Stevens(NY Times),Chemical Safety and Hazard Board Investigator John Bresland“noted two blast-proof control rooms at the site suffered
11、minimal damage”(Houston Chronicle),It is believed that a car being started may have provided the source of ignition for the explosive vapour cloud,The heat from the fire was so intense that several cars in the nearby parking lot exploded into flames.,Pedro Albaladejo(spare parts dealership nearby)sa
12、id“the explosion sounded like a bomb going off”.This picture shows the initial blast damage to the Storehouse,adjacent to the portable offices.,The initial blast appears to have been the cause of most of the loss of life and equipment damage.,Internal damage to buildings for up to 8 kms was experien
13、ced.Ceilings were damaged in offices.The blast“forced schoolchildren to cower under their desks”(Wires),Windows were blown in At local homes several kms away,and windows were rattled up to 8 kms away.,The total cost of this incident is expected to reach$US 1 Billion,Lessons Learned 教训,Management of
14、Changes 变更管理Emergency Preparedness 应急响应Operator Training 作业培训Procedural Development 制定程序Permit Systems 作业许可,MOC-Its not enough to just have a system to manage changes.The system has to be alive and well.At the first suggestion of a procedural change,the system should have been triggered.Audit your o
15、wn programs to ensure your managing changes(this includes equipment,procedures even manpower issues)Emergency Preparedness-Review your emergency operating procedures-do they cover all the credible events.(PHAs should cover this in detail and flush out the deficiencies)Operator training-Is the traini
16、ng adequate.Do operators know the true hazards of the process theyre operating.What about responding to upsets and unusual operating conditions.Procedures-Are they current and accurate?Have they been effectively communicated to operations?Permit Systems-If you dont have them,develop them.In this cas
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