音标发音和规则.ppt
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1、英语发音和拼读规则1、学习内容:英语音标基础知识2、学习目标:能熟练认读48个因素;能划分音节、拼读任一单词。3、学习重点:学会划分音节,按音节拼读单词。4、学习难点:辅音连缀、自成音节的处理/t/d/r/j/的发音。5、学习方法:跟随老师就辅音、元音正确发音;理解并掌握划分音节的基本规则;通过大量实践练习掌握单词拼读技巧。注意学生分组学习并进行讲解。,学习步骤:Step 1 认读48个音素 音标认读:(phonetic symbol英 fnetk simbl),一、元音1.前元音:i:i e 2.中元音::3.后元音:a:u:u:4.合口双元音为:ei ai au u 5.集中双元音为:i
2、u二、辅音1.爆破音:p b t d k g p 2.摩擦音:f v 3 s z h r 3.破擦音:t d tr dr ts dz 4.鼻辅音:m n 5鼻辅音:m n 6.舌边音:l 7.半元音:w j,三:单音素突破I:元音,1.前元音:i:i e i:(8)发音组合:e ee ea ie ei 代表单词:me he we even bee feel breeze deep free seat beat lead tea eat reason grief believe achieve receive conceive,i(1)发音组合:i 代表单词:sit bit kick pick
3、wish,e(6)发音组合:e ea a 代表单词:pen ten best beg egg net bread heaven marry any many,(7)发音组合:a 代表单词:cap map bad mad bank thank lamp,2.中元音::(12)发音组合:or ir er ur ear代表单词:work worker worm bird dirt affirm term burn surf pearl learn,(5)发音组合:a er or 代表单词:appear arise again alike a man a pen teacher mother brot
4、her driver anger doctor actor tutor famous jealous,3.后元音:a:u:u:a:(10)发音组合:ar ear al代表单词:far dark hart farm garden bar star heart half,(3)发音组合:u o代表单词:up cut but bus luck butter monk onion,u:(9)发音组合:oo o ou u代表单词:food fool boom cool hoop pool shoot tomb group blue clue rule truth conclude,u(2)发音组合:oo
5、 u ou 代表单词:foot good cook hook took pull full bull should,:(11)发音组合:a oo aw ou ore au or ar 代表单词:talk ball hall call door floor law saw bought fought thought before ignore caught naughty nautical force born sort warn,(4)发音组合:o 代表单词:not cop rot hot lot dog nod shop,4.合口双元音为:ei ai au u ei(20)发音组合:ei a
6、 ai ay代表单词:eight cake fate naked snake lake make name paid main day may,ai(15)发音组合:y i uy代表单词:cry dry my kite high bike tight fine time buy guy,(16)发音组合:oy oi 代表单词:toy boy loyal noise voice point soil coin oil,au(19)发音组合:ou ow代表单词:house sound out noun bow town now tower,u(17)发音组合:o ow oa代表单词:host no
7、se tone hole note coke cope bowl know low own boat coat,5.集中双元音为:i u i(13)发音组合:eer ear ere 代表单词:beer deer hear near fear here,(18)发音组合:air ear are ere代表单词:hair fair air chair bear swear dare hare there,u(14)发音组合:oor ure our代表单词:poor lure sure tour,II:辅音1.爆破音:p b t d k g p p(21)发音组合:p代表单词:pay pipe pu
8、t pie peach sport speed spend,b(29)发音组合:b 代表单词:bird bed bag big buy bake bill bear book,t(22)发音组合:t 代表单词:tea teacher team tare tank taught tip it meet cat thought fate tent boat student stand stick,d(30)发音组合:d代表单词:do did does deer date dig doom need bed climbed,k(24)发音组合:c k ck代表单词:cake car can cat
9、come kite sky keep pick back,g(32)发音组合:g代表单词:geese go gap get big bag beg,爆破音小结:1)p t k 是清辅音,发音时声带不震动,送气要强。2)b d g 是浊辅音,发音时声带必须震动。,2.摩擦音:f v s z h r f(25)发音组合:f ph 代表单词:five first life fine fat fail fair fall farm telephone phonetics photo,v(33)发音组合:v 代表单词:vote vine vat vail very vase leave five,(26
10、)发音组合:th 代表单词:think teeth thick theme thank thought both tooth truth fifth mouth cloth faith breath,(34)发音组合:th 代表单词:this that these those then than though,(28)发音组合:sh s ss ch代表单词:ship fish sheet sheep dish sure ensure assure machine,(36)发音组合:s代表单词:pleasure usual leisure measure,s(27)发音组合:s c 代表单词:s
11、eem set seek say see books dense mouse cups face ice race price,z(35)发音组合:z s代表单词:zoo prize zeal raise knees eyes,h(40)发音组合:h wh【注意】wh 在元音字母o前才发此音。代表单词:hot home house horse hate high whole who whose whom,r(42)发音组合:r wr代表单词:race red rice rain right road free fry pray wrong write,摩擦音小结:英语中有十个摩擦音即:f v
12、s z h r发摩擦音时必须注意:1)口腔通道不完全阻塞,留有窄小空隙,气流从中泄出时摩擦或震动成音。2)摩擦音可以延长而发音器官位置不变。,3.破擦音:t d tr dr ts dz t(23)发音组合:ch 代表单词:cheap child chest choke check catch watch,d(31)发音组合:j g dg代表单词:jeep joke jew juice gin change jodge judge,tr 发音组合:tr代表单词:tree treat trip train tram,dr 发音组合:dr代表单词:dream drag draw drink chil
13、dren,ts 发音组合:ts 代表单词:sits seats mates peasants parents,dz 发音组合:ds 代表单词:needs seeds spends,4.鼻辅音:m n m(37)发音组合:m代表单词:some come dime mother map moon,n(38)发音组合:n代表单词:noon nose note not no nothing moon soon son gun thin run dine gain,(39)发音组合:ng n 代表单词:sing song singer king thing ink sink thank tank,5.舌
14、边音:l(41)发音组合:l 代表单词:清晰音 l let lad late laid leap lap 代表单词:含糊音 l deal tell belt sale table,6.半元音:w j w(43)发音组合:w wh代表单词:wait west way wet will wide wheel what why when where while,j(44)发音组合:y代表单词:year yes yet yard young you,Step 2 单词拼读规则 1、基本规则:将单词音标部分从左至右进行音节划分,把握好重音,依次读出各音节即可。一个单词至少有一个音节,各音节中所有音素均发
15、音。通常情况下,一个音节由“一个辅音+一个元音”构成(辅音在前,元音在后,如同汉语的“声母+韵母”),想一想:它们有几个音节呢?k:;d/di;k/bd;m/ni/d;注意:撇点“”类似于汉语音节上的声调,表示其右下方所在音节为重读音节;单音节词是天然的重读音节,其重音符号“”省略;有重音符号的单词意味着它至少有两个音节。,划一划,它们有几个音节?/pl;dd;k/mju:/ni/kei/n;tei/bl;想一想:以上音节数的认定让你产生了什么疑问?,2、辅音归属规则 单词音标中的基本单元是“一个辅音+一个元音”所构成的一个个音节,那么多余的辅音该怎么处理呢?我们可以记住一个口诀:一归后,二分
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- 音标 发音 规则
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