非谓语动词讲解课件.ppt
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1、Nonfinite verbs,非谓语动词,1.to do 2.-ing 3.done,谓语:说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。它有人称、数、时态和语态的变化。e.g.He works.He takes care of the baby.He will go to Shanghai.He didnt go to Shanghai.He has gone to Shanghai.You are students.You look smart.,单谓语或动词短语,情态动词/助动词+v.,系动词+表语,非谓语:无人称,数的变化,不单独作谓语,但保留动词特点,可以有宾语或状语。e.g.He wor
2、ks.He wants to work here.He is working now.He has done his work.,非谓语,不定式(to do),V-ing,V-ed,as a noun,as adj.or adv.,现在分词,动名词,过去分词,非谓语动词 的分类,使用条件,一个句子当中,已经存在一个主句(谓语动词),又没有连词的情况下,还有别的动词出现时,这些动词就充当了非谓语动词.,非谓语动词的,Tom returned from the managers office,telling me that the boss wanted to see me at once.2.T
3、he news meeting,to be held in that hall,has already been crowded with reporters.3.I heard the girl singing in the classroom.4.The man talking with my father is Mr.Wang.5.To live is to struggle.(生活就是斗争。),找出下列句子中的非谓语动词(含短语),高考热点,一、不定式与动名词做主语:1.动名词做主语往往表示泛指的、一般的行为;不定式 做主语常表示某次具体的行为或将来的动作。e.g.Climbing m
4、ountains is great fun.爬山很有趣。To visit China is my next goal.2.不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语,把作主语的不 定式短语后置。e.g.It took me only five minutes to finish the job.3.动名词作主语有时用it作形式主语,把动名词置于句 尾。常见于以下句型中:Its use/good/fun Its useful/nice/useless e.g Its nice seeing you again.,辨析几类情况:,1._ a language requires time and effor
5、t.A.Learn B.Learning C.To learn D.Being learned2.It is not always easy _ invitations.A.to refuse B.refusing C.to be refused D.being refused3.How _ the problem will be discussed at tomorrows meeting.A.to solve B.to be solved C.being solved D.solving4.It _ forty-five minutes _ there by bus.A.cost,to g
6、et B.takes,getting C.takes,to get D.takes,to get to5.It is no good _.You should give_.A.to smoke,it up B.smoking,it up C.smoking,up it D.to smoke,up it,二、不定式与动名词做宾语:,1.下列动词后常跟不定式做宾语:want,wish,hope,expect,ask,afford,agree,choose,pretend,decide,happen,learn,offer,refuse,fail,plan,prepare,order,manage,
7、promise,intend等。e.g.He agreed to get someone to help us.They promised not to break the school rules again.,只能接不定式作宾语的动词口诀:,决定想做计划需要同意能做被用来做的事 迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事,决定想做计划需要同意能做被用来做的事,decide to do sth.决定做某事 want would like to do sth.想做某事 plan to do sth.计划做某 need to do sth.需要做某事 agree to do sth.同意做某事 affo
8、rd to do 能做某事 be used to do 被用来做,迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事,cant wait to do 迫不及待地要做某事 make up ones mind to do 下决心做某事 used to do 过去常常做某事 fail to do 未能做某事,2.在下列动词或动词短语后常用动名词做宾语:admit,advise,allow,avoid,bear,cannot help,consider,delay,enjoy,finish,give up,imagine.include,keep,keep on,mind,miss,put off,permit,pr
9、actice,resist,risk,suggest,stand,insist on,be busy,be worth,feel like,cant stand,think of,dream of,be fond of,prevent(from),keepfrom,stop(from),protectfrom,be engaged in,spend(in),succeed in,admit to,be/get/become used to,be equal to,devoteto,get down to,look forward to,object to,stick to,take to,se
10、e to,lead to,pay attention to等。,只能接-ing作宾语的动词口诀:,喜欢花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习 错过建议保持介意值得考虑(押韵),喜欢花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习,enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 spend.doing sth.花费做某事 be busy doing sth.忙于做 imagine sb.doing sth.想象做某事 cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事 feel like doing sth.想要做某事 finish doing sth.完成做某事 practice doing sth.练习做某事,miss
11、 doing sth.错过做某事 suggest doing sth.建议做某事 keep(on)doing sth.保持(继续)做某事 mind doing sth.介意做某事 be worth doing sth.值得做某事 consider doing sth.考虑做某事,错过建议保持介意值得考虑,介词+doing,常考介词:at,in,on of,off,for,from up,about,without to 等等,be good at doing sth 擅长做某事 be interested in doing sth.对做某事感兴趣 insist on doing 坚持做某事 b
12、e used for doing sth.被用来做某事 thank sb.for doing sth.谢谢某人做某事 be tired of doing sth.厌烦做某事 be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事,put off doing 推迟做某事stop sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事give up doing sth.放弃做某事without doing sth.没有做某事think about doing sth.考虑做某事What How about doing 做某事怎么样?,此to 非彼to,look forward to doing st
13、h.(盼望)pay attention to doing sth.(注意)be used to doing sth.(习惯于)prefer doing sth to doing sth.(更喜欢)devote to doing sth(致力于)make a contribution to doing(做贡献),特殊词精讲:,stop doing/to do,stop to do停下来去做另一件事,stop doing停止正在做的某事。Eg:他们停下来吸烟。They stop to smoke.我必须戒烟了 I must stop smoking.,forget to do忘记要去做某事,for
14、get doing忘记做过某事。Eg:办公室的灯还在亮着,他忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作The light in the office is still on.He forgot to turn it off.他忘记他已经关了灯了。(已做过关灯的动作)He forgot turning the light off.,forget doing/to do,remember doing/to do,remember to do 记得去做某事remember doing记得做过某事记着放学后去趟邮局。Remember to go to the post office after school.你不记
15、得以前见过那个人吗?Dont you remember seeing the man before?,go on doing/to do,go on to do做了一件事后,接着做另一件事,go on doing继续做原来做的事。Eg:做完数学后,他接着去做物理。After he had finished his maths,he went on to do his physics.做完这个练习后,接着做其他的练习Go on doing other exercises after you have finished this one.,try doing/to do sth.,try to d
16、o sth.努力,尽力做某事Although maths is difficult,I will try to study it.try doing sth.试着做某事The machine couldnt work.Lets try repairing it.,小试牛刀,1.Now more and more people are busy_ about the Internet.A.learn B.to learn C.learning D.learned 2.-Its too hot.Would you mind _the door?-_.Please do it.A.to open;O
17、K B.opening;Certainly not C.opening;Of course D.to open;Good idea 3.No matter how hard it is,well keep _ until we make it.A.failed B.failing C.tried D.trying,4.-Are you enjoying _in Ningbo?-Yes,we are.Very much.A.to live B.living C.lives D.lived 5 We couldnt help _(laugh)after we heard the funny sto
18、ry A.to laugh B.laughing C.laughs D.laughed,6.He gave us some advice on how _ English.A.learning B.learned C.to learn D.learn7.It s a pay day,and they are waiting _.A.pay B.paying C.paid D.to be paid8.I dont know whether you happen,but Im going to study in the U.S.A this September.Ato be heard B.to
19、be hearing Cto hear D.to have heard,9.I forgot _ my name when I finished _ the composition.A.to sign,to writing B.to sign,writing C.signing,writing10.-You were brave enough to raised objections at the meeting.-Well,now I regret _ that.A.to do B.to be doing C.to have done D.having done 11.She cant he
20、lp _ the house because shes busy making a cake.A.to clean B.cleaning C.cleaned D.being cleaned,12.Martin looks so well.Weve never seen him _ so well before.A.is looked B.is looking C.to look D.look 13.My father has decided _ because smoking is bad for his health.A.to stop to smoke B.to stop smoking
21、C.stopping smoking D.stop to smoke 14 It is kind _ me to carry these books.A.of you helping B.for you to help C.of you to help D.for you helping,15.Would you like _ some bread or biscuits?No thanks.I dont feel like anything now.A.to have,eating B.to have,to eat C.having,to eat D.having,eating 16.Do
22、you remember me,Tom?Ah,yes,I remembered _ you in JUSCO last year.A.see B.sees C.to see D.seeing,三、不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词做表语,1.表示一定的概念,具有名词的性质时,不定式和动名 词可以互换。e.g.My hobby is collecting/to collect ancient coins.2.若表示具体的、个别的动作或有将来含义时,一般用 不定式。e.g.My wish is to find a part-time job this summer.3.现在分词和过去分词作表语具有
23、形容词特征,也可以 作为形容词。但要注意二者的区别 e.g.The party was very exciting.They were very excited at the news,1.Her wish is _ an engineer.A.becoming B.become C.to become D.being come2.Some peoples greatest pleasure is _.A.fishingB.to fish C.to be fishing D.being fish3.The report was so _ that they were all _.A.inspi
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