阅读理解技巧-细节事实题.ppt

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1、Lets spot the differences,大家来找茬,Strategies for Questions of Details英语阅读理解技巧(事实细节题),推理判断题,猜测词义题,阅读四大题型,事实细节题,主旨大意题,英语阅读理解题考查方式,是非题年代与数字考点Wh-题(who,what,when,where,why,how),1、细节题的题干分析,2、细节题解题方法,学习内容,分析下列阅读细节题分别考查哪些信息？1.How did Percival feel during his meeting with Laura?2.Who are the intended readers o

2、f the passage?3.What made“I”finally think of getting a cell phone?4.When did Tanni win her first Olympic gold medal?5.Why did the author and his wife try a new diet?,事件,人物,方式,时间,因果,Not long ago.My wife,PJ,and I tried a new dietnot to lose a little weight but to answer an annoying question about clim

3、ate change.,原因,1.Why did the author and his wife try a new diet?A.To take special kinds of food B.To respond to climate change.C.To lose weight D.To improve their health,_,_,同义词,In 1988,Tanni went to her first Paralympic Games in Seoul.She won bronze in the 400 metres.Even greater success followed a

4、t the 1992 Barcelona.Paralympics.Tanni won gold in the 100,200,400 and 800 metres relay,setting two world records in the process.,时间,2.When did Tanni win her first Olympic gold medal?A.In 1984.B.In 1988.C.In 1992.D.In 2007,事实细节题考查的六大信息,事实细节题干常用when,where,who,why,what 和 how 等提问或要求用此类信息补全句子，考查对应的六大信息内

5、容，即 _、_、_、_、_和 _。,时间 地点 人物 原因 事件 方式,summary,1.According to the passage,when(where,why,how,who,what,which,etc.)_?2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect/true?（三误一正）3.Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?（三正一误）4 The author(or the passage)states that_.5.,常见设题方式：,题干设计常常避开原文中所用的词汇，而用其_、_或

6、_设题。,设题特点：,同义词,近义词,反义词,解题技巧与策略,第一步：略读题干(Skimming),首先，快速浏览每道试题的题干(即问题)。,第二步：通读全文(Scanning),浏览了题干与选项之后，要带着“问题”通读全文。,第三步：研读攻关(Close-reading),注意对信息进行综合分析，分清主次、真伪，避免受信息的干扰，陷入测试题所设下的“陷阱”，学会“排除”干扰项。,(New York)A French tourist highly praised for rescuing a two-year-old girl in Manhattan said he didnt think

7、twice before diving into the freezing East River.Tuesdays Daily News said 29-year-old Julien Duret from France is the man who left the spot quickly after the rescue last Sunday.He lifted the little girl out of water after she fell off the bank at the South Street Seaport museum.He handed the girl to

8、 her father,David Anderson,who had dived in after him.,Reading material 1,Q:Who dived after Duret into the river to save the little girl?A.David Anderson B.A passer-by C.His girlfriend D.A taxi driver,题干是问谁在Duret之后跳进河里救人，可以以dive为线索找到原文的He handed the girl to her father，David Anderson，who had dived in

9、 after him，故可知答案是David Anderson。,1 wh-细节题,Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things.A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning.Food poisoning is usually not serious,but some types are deadly.The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the pois

10、oned food.Feveris one of the most common symptoms.,_,_,Reading material 2,Q：Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.Food when poisoned can make people sick.B.Food poisoning means death.C.Food poisoning comes in varieties.D.Food poisoning can be serious.,以偏概全,三正一误,2 是非题,Food poisoning is usua

11、lly not serious,but some types are deadly.,Reading material 3 The human body is a living machine,and like all machines,it needs fuel to supply it with energy.That is the food we eat.But how much do we need to stay healthy?The energy value of food is usually measured in calories.A calorie is the amou

12、nt of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1.The number of calories people need per day is different,as the chart shows,练习题,Reading material 3,Q1)_ calories are required to raise the temperature of 5kg of water from 35to 90.A.55 B.175 C.325 D.275,Q2)Which statement is TRUE accor

13、ding to the chart above?A.A child aged 8 requires more than 3 times the amount of calories that a baby does.B.A boy aged 16 requires nearly twice the amount of calories that a boy aged 8 does.C.An office worker requires the same amount of calories per day as a woman feeding a baby does.D.A farmer re

14、quires nearly 1.5 times the amount of calories that an office worker does.,文章,【解析】答案为 D。根据文章细节内容，计算公式为：(90-35)51=275,3 计算题,根据文章图表，依次验证A、B、C、D 四个答案的内容是否正确。很容易找出 C 符合图表内容。,4 图表题,Back in the fifteenth century,in a tiny village near Nuremberg,lived a family with eighteen childrenIn spite of the hopeless

15、 condition,two of the children,Albrecht Durer and Albert,had a dreamThey both wanted to pursue their talent for artAfter many long discussions,the two boys finally worked out an agreementThey would toss a coinThe loser would go down into the nearby mines and,with his earnings,support his brother who

16、 attended the academyThen,when that brother who won the toss completed his studies,in four years,he would support the other brother at the academy Tossing a coin,Albrecht Durer won and went off to NurembergAlbert went down into the dangerous mines and,for the next four years,supported his brother,wh

17、ose work at the academy was almost an immediate sensation（轰动）By the time he graduated,he had earned considerable fees for his outstanding works When the young artist returned to his village,the Durer family held a festive dinner to celebrate Albrechts triumphant（胜利的）homecoming To show thanks to Albe

18、rt for all that he had sacrificed,Albrecht Durer painstakingly drew his brothers injured hands with palms together and thin fingers stretched skywardHe called his powerful drawing simply“Hands”,but the entire world almost immediately opened their hearts to his great masterpiece and renamed it“The Pr

19、aying Hands”,Reading material 4,Q：Which of the following is the correct order of the story？a.Albrecht went to Nuremberg b.Albert supported his brother c.The Durer family held a festive dinner d.Albrecht drew his brothers injured hands e.The brothers tossed a coin Ab,a,c,d,e Ba,e,c,d,b Ce,a,c,b,d De,

20、a,b,c,d,_,_,解题思路：先找出最早的一个时间和事件，把它作为事件发生的具体点，然后使用排除法将范围一一缩小，从而快速地选出正确答案,5 排序题,细节题类型,1wh细节题,2 是非题,3 计算题,4 图表题,5 排序题,6 其它题,summary,有时命题者故弄玄虚，在选项中加些夸大其词的说法，把“大约”说成“绝对，肯定”(要留意选项中诸如all,absolutely,only,never,completely,definitely等词)，把抽象说成具体，或者把人名、地名、时间等张冠李戴，误串起来，从而构成形是实非的干扰项。,注意“陷阱”：,_明显不是文章的信息，与文中事实相反或不符,

21、干扰项的特点与概括:,(事实细节题的考点),正误并存,扩大(缩小)范围,偷换概念,以偏概全,无中生有,_信息部分正确，部分错误,_是原文信息，但故意增加或减少细节,_符合常识，但不是文章的内容,_与原句的内容极为相似，但在程度、态度、褒贬色彩上有变动,_是原文信息，但不是题干要求的内容,答非所问,1，比较处常考2，因果关系处常考3，转折处常考4，引言处常考5，列举处常考,常考查位置：,事实细节题解题注意事项1.若针对特殊标点符号,举例子,名人名言出题,只需要阅读符号，例子,名言前后的内容，然后与选项核对。2.在出现一些关键词，如however、but、moreover、therefore、th

22、us时，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折，递进，因果等关系。3.细节题的答案一般是同义替换项或者同义转换项,summary,4.选项中有绝对语气词的一般不是答案。如：must,never,the most,all,merely,only,have to,any,no,completely,none,等。但不是绝对，也有例外。5.注意选项中的副词，形容词和介词短语等与原文是否一致。如：must,may,often,should,usually,might,most,more or less,likely,all,never，few 等存在程度不同，经常被偷换，往往被忽视。6.细节题干扰项特点：与原文

23、内容相反；与原文内容一半相符，一半不同；叙述过于绝对化；原文没有提及.,Practice makes perfect!,“Well,I finally did it.I finally decided to enter the digital age and get a cell phone.My kids have been annoying me and the last straw was when my car broke down,and I was stuck by the highway for an hour before someone stopped to help.But

24、 when I went to the cell phone store,I almost changed my mind.The phones all have cameras,computers and a“global-positioning”something or other thats supposed to spot me from space.Goodness,all I want to do is to be able to talk to my grandkids!The people at the store werent much help.They couldnt u

25、nderstand why someone wouldnt want a phone the size of a postage stamp.And the rate plans!They were confusing,and expensiveand the contract(合同)lasted for two years!Id almost given up until a friend told me about her new Jitterbug phone.Now,I have the convenience and safety of being about to stay in

26、touch with a phone I can actually use.”,巩固练习,Affordable plans that I can understandand no contract to sign!Unlike other cell phones,Jitterbug has plans that make sense.Why should I pay for minutes Im never going to use?And if I do talk more than I plan,I wont find myself with no minutes like my frie

27、nd who has a prepaid phone.Best of all,there is no contract to signso Im not locked in for years at a time.The US-based customer service is second to none.And the phone gets service anywhere in the country.,Call now and receive a FREE gift when you order.Try Jitterbug for 30 days and if you dont lov

28、e it,just return it!Why wait,the Jitterbug comes ready to use right out of the box.If you arent as happy with it as I am,you can return it and get your money back.Call now,the Jitterbug product experts are ready to answer your questions.Call 1-888-809-8794 or visit.,63.What made“I”finally think of g

29、etting a cell phone?64.On the monthly basis of 100 minutes,the Jitterbug weekly rate is about _.65.An advantage of Jitterbug mentioned in the passage is _.,事件,计算,细节事实,1.What made“I”finally think of getting a cell phone?A.Being stuck by the highway.B.Being urged by his grandkids.C.Being persuaded by

30、cell phone alespersons.D.Being attracted by the friendly return policy.,2012年福建高考题阅读A篇,My kids have been annoying me and the last straw was when my car broke down，and I was stuck by the highway for an hour before someone stopped to help.,答非所问,偷换概念,答非所问,2.On the monthly basis of 100 minutes,the Jitte

31、rbug weekly rate is about _.A.$3.75B.$4.99C.$14.99 D.$19.99,19.994,3.An advantage of Jitterbug mentioned in the passage is _.A.its discount price with a free giftB.its reasonable rate plans without a contractC.its“global-positioning”system with 911 accessD.its good customer service all over the world,原文定位,细节分析,正误并存,Affordable plans that I can understand一and no contract to sign(签订）！,_,Practice makes perfect!,May you succeed in your studies!,Thank you!,