英语音标讲解与练习.ppt

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1、英语国际音标,？,Ask and answer:,为什么要学习音标？,1.发音准确，说地道的英语2.拼读法记忆单词3.提高学生的自主学习性，增加词汇量4.整体语感提高,音素和音标 1什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。2音素的分类：元音和辅音。3音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅 音音素28个。4什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。,音标表（48个）,元音（20个）,辅音（28个）,元音vowels,1./i:/,/i:/：长元音，舌尖抵下齿，前舌尽量抬高，嘴唇向两旁伸开，成扁平。流露出微笑表情，与E发音相同。,E.g.we teacher speak tree meet piececei

2、ling,people,/：短元音，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，嘴型扁平，干净利落。,E.g.sit pig minute happy money,Compare,it-eat 2.liveleave 3.fillfeel 4.seatsit 5.treetrip 6.bitbee 7.sheepship 8.deeddid 9.liveleave 10.feedfit 11.peapit 12.ridread 13.streetstrict 14.sleepslip,2./e/,/e/:短元音，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，牙床开得比/i:/宽，上下齿间可容纳一个食指。,E.g.bed next be

3、tter any many head again,/：短元音：舌尖抵下齿；舌前部稍抬高，双唇平伸，成扁平形。张开牙床直至上下齿之间容纳食指和中指的宽度。,E.g.map hat bad back man hand,Compare,bet-bat 2.patpet 3.bagbeg 4.satset 5.neck-lack 6.sadsaid 7.badbed 8.daddead 9.ladled 10.fadfed,3./:/,/:/：长元音，舌尖离开下齿；舌后部抬得比/略高。双唇也收得更圆更小，并需用力向前突出。,E.g.small talk hall walk short horse fo

4、rty floor autumn caught daughter warm,/：舌尖离开下齿；口张大，舌身压低并后缩。双唇稍稍收圆。,E.g.lost fox lot dollar want wash watch because,Compare,pot-port 2.lotlord 3.notnorth 4.foxforks 5.shotshort 6.wokwalk7.spotsport 8.cockcaught,4./:/(/:/)/,/:/(/:/)长元音，上下齿微微张开，舌身平放，舌中部稍抬起。,E.g.shirt skirt burn turtle earn heard term w

5、orm world,/：短元音，舌身平放，舌中部微微抬起。口腔自然放松发音。,E.g.remember farmer doctor actor delicious dangerous dollar together today happen elephant banana China,Compare,walk work shortshirtwarmworddoor-dirtsore-sircause-curd,5./u:/,/u:/：长元音，双唇比/收得更圆更小，向前突出，舌后部比/抬得更高。,E.g.o:do shoe who u:true blue oo:food moon noon,/：

6、短元音，舌尖离开下齿；舌身后缩。双唇收圆，稍向前突出。,E.g.oo:good book wood ou:should could u:put push O:woman,6./:/,/:/：长元音，口张大，舌尖离开下齿，下巴放松，轻松发音。,E.g.arm art hard fast last class,/：短元音，嘴唇微微张开伸向两边，舌尖轻触下齿，开口程度和/相似。,E.g.supper lunch cup mother brother above trouble blood,Compare a:,cut-cart 2.lucklark 3.duckdark 4.toughtask 5.

7、mudmark 6.busbath 7.farfun 8.shutshark,/ei/：双元音，口形由/e/向/滑动。与字母A发音相同。,E.g.lake game say eight great,1./ei/u/ai/,/u/：双元音，由/和/u/两个单元音组成。与字母O的发音相同。,E.g.go those hello zero goat boat,/ai/：双元音，先发/a/音，然后滑向/i/音。与字母I发音相同。,E.g.high buy five try,2./au/,/：双元音，由两个元音/和/i/构成。,E.g.toy destroy noise point,/au/：发音时，由

8、/a/滑向/u/，结束时双唇收圆稍向前突。,E.g.ou：south cloud proud mouse round ow：down cow how town,road coat goat boat loadcold smoke go home hope,how about shout cow loudmouse ground hour crown mouth,Compare/u/au/,/i/:由/i/和/两个单音组成。前重后轻，双唇始终半开。,E.g.eer：beer deer ea：idea ear：ear dear near ere：here,3./i/e/u/,/e/：由/e/向/滑

9、动，舌身稍向后 缩，口型由半开变为扁平。,E.g.ear：pear bear are：care hare air：chair air fair hair pair ere：there where cheer,/u/：/u/和/两个音组成，嘴唇从收圆到半开。,E.g.oor:poor ure:sure,音标练习1.找出下列没有相同发音的词。()hefeet bread green()pig is dog ship()thirtybird her food()shebig in money()sweets fish teacherwe()teachersisteraboutgirl()tigerf

10、irstworkshirt()treebeancleanchin()fatherdoctorskirt china()happyseasitpicture,2.读音标写单词。bi:b:d si:swi:t bizi h:dkt sist li:f hi:,二找出下列没有相同发音的词。()moonfood eat fruit()truebookwoodlook()foursmallwalk bird()gotclockshopshirt()busfootpush book()lostball long ox()rulerdog mooncake blue()bigship horseit,二选出

11、下列没有相同发音的词。()1.car arm food garden()2.true jump bus cut()3.bag short map flag()4.egg pen head small()5.got clock bell dog()6.rabbit book wood foot()7.rat bat apple ten()8.gun star duck moneg三.写出单词或音标。pa:st ru:m swet sit ft gt cp sh:t bag car bus bread star head,四.选出下列每题中元音有几种读音()1.hat fast cook last

12、()2.jeep door sun gum()3.dad cap hand map()4.star car cut from()5.skirt sheep bird her 五.改变下列单词的一个字母,使它变成另一个单词 like_(交通工具)hat _(动物)lake _(食品)nice _(数字)hot _(用品)well _(用品),二.选出下列没有发相同发音的词()1.cake egg rain May()2.kite cry broom fly()3.boy joy cat noise()4.blouse sun cow house()5.tower flower mouth arm

13、三.读音标,将下列单词补充完整或写出字母，单 词的音标。klaud set kin kr:s c_ _ _d s_ _ c_ _n cr_ _s flg trein desk smail f_ _g tr_ _n d_ _ _ s_ _le,二.选出下列没有相同发音的词。()1.mouth coat goat window()2.dear beer cake teacher()3.pair boy air hare()4.poor tour Europe cry()5.boat bike side fly三.写出单词或音标。nuz said i kau pe pu bt wu:d,辅音cons

14、onants,1./p/b/,/p/：双唇紧闭，然后快速张开，让气流冲出口腔，发出爆破音，但声带不振动。E.g.pea deep tip/b/：/b/和/p/发音相似，双唇紧闭，然后快速张开，让气流冲出口腔，发出爆破音，但声带需振动。E.g.bee beat bit,pbpay-baypear bearpen-Benpig-big,pbcap-cablap-labtap-tabrope-robe,2./t/d/,/t/：舌尖抵上齿龈，憋住气，然后弹开舌尖，让气流从口腔中喷出，但声带不振动。E.g.eat beat bit tip/d/：/d/和/t/发音相似，舌尖抵上齿龈，憋住气，然后弹开舌尖

15、，让气流从口腔中喷出，但声带需振动。E.g.deep deal do,tdtown downtie dietear deartouch Dutch,tdbent bendright ridelent lendbet bed,3./k/g/,/k/：舌后部抵住软腭憋住气，然后突然离开，将气流送出，像咳嗽，但声带不振动。E.g.key kid kind/g/：/g/和/k/发音相似，舌后部抵住软腭憋住气，然后突然离开，将气流送出，像咳嗽，但声带需振动E.g.big give egg get,kgKate gatecard guardcould goodcoat goat,kgpick pigfla

16、k flagback bagLock log,两清辅音一起时，后一个清辅音变成浊辅音，或叫浊化sp sb st sd sk sg,speak spit spy study star start sky school screen,4./f/v/,/f/：上齿轻轻接触下唇，然后轻轻吹气，使气流从唇齿间通过，形成摩擦，但声带不振动。E.g.fact feet fat/v/：/v/和/f/发音相似，上齿轻轻接触下唇，然后轻轻吹气，使气流从唇齿间通过，形成摩擦，但声带需振动。E.g.give have very,5./,/：舌尖微微伸出，上下齿轻轻咬住舌尖送气，声带不振动。E.g.bath thoug

17、ht thank/：口形与/相似，舌尖微微伸出，上下齿轻轻咬住舌尖送气，但声带需振动。E.g.than that those,6./s/z/,/s/：双唇微微张开，舌端靠近齿龈，舌头自然放松，气流从齿间送出，但声带不振动。E.g.best bus/z/：/z/口形与/s/，双唇微微张开，舌端靠近齿龈，舌头自然放松，气流从齿间送出，但声带需振动。E.g.zero zoo,7./,/：双唇收圆，并稍微突出，舌头稍微上卷，舌尖接近上齿龈送气，声带不振动。E.g.flash show shine/：口形与/相似，双唇收圆并稍微突出，舌头稍微上卷，舌尖接近上齿龈，但声带需振动。E.g.pleasure

18、leisure,8./t/d/,/t/:双唇略微张开突出，舌尖抵住上齿龈，用力吐气，声带不振动。E.g.charm change cheer/d/:和/t/发音相似，双唇略微张开突出，舌尖抵住上齿龈，用力吐气，但声带需振动。E.g.change job joke,9./ts/dz/,/ts/:舌尖先抵住上齿，堵住气流，使气流从舌尖和齿龈间送出，声带不振动。E.g.seats roots fruits/dz/:和/ts/发音相似，舌尖先抵住上齿龈，堵住气流，使气流从舌尖和齿龈间送出，但声带需振动。E.g.reads goods needs,10./tr/dr/,/tr/:双唇收圆向前突出，舌尖上

19、翘抵住上齿龈，采取发/r/的姿势，声带不振动。E.g.train try truck/dr/:和/tr/的发音相似，双唇收圆向前突出，舌尖上翘抵住上齿龈，采取发/r/的姿势，声带需振动。E.g.dry dream drag,11./m/n/,/m/:双唇紧闭，舌头放平，气流从鼻腔送出，声带振动E.g.money room morning/n/:双唇微开，舌尖抵上齿龈，气流从鼻孔出来，声带振动。E.g.need thin morning/:双唇张开，舌尖抵下齿龈，舌后部自然往上顶住，气流从鼻腔送出，声带振动。E.g.young song tongue,12./h/r/,/h/嘴唇自然张开，自然呵

20、气，声带不振动。E.g.have hill happen/舌尖抵住上齿龈，舌尖轻微用力弯曲，气流从舌的旁边送出，声带振动。E.g.love little letter/r/舌尖向上卷起，舌头不要接触任何部位，双唇稍微突出，声带振动。E.g.bread red rush,light night rightlock knock rocklot not rotlead need readlice nice rice,compare:,13./j/w/,/j/:嘴形成微笑状，舌尖抵住下齿，舌面贴住上颚，声带振动。E.g.year young yellow/w/:双唇缩小并向前突出，舌后部抬起，嘴慢慢向

21、两旁滑开，声带振动。类似/u:/E.g.wait watch water,音标练习二.选出下列没有相同发音的词()1.pear ship coat pig()2.taxi bean cab cabbage()3.hat sea ticket wallet()4.seed dance hand full()5.pick pen sit pineapple()6.cold find door chair()7.cloth purple pool push()8.eat fan quiet set三.写出单词或音标。pnd kt di:p klaud,二.将下列没有相同发音的词找出来()1.car

22、stay neck clock()2.gas give drive bag()3.sea boss rice cook()4.lick zoo rose zero()5.tears freeze desk busy三.写出单词或音标。rais nuz sneik gra:s glf gla:s kk ki:,二.选出下列具有相同发音的单词。()1.shell watch ship see()2.shell pleasure sick treasure()3.chair China Monkey dream()4.job gift door cabbage()5.grass chick star

23、t jeans三.写出单词或音标。d3m pi:t ip w,二.将下列没有相同发音的词找出来()1.foot knife pick fish()2.window move vote vase()3.three fan thousand thin()4.father them brother watch()5.finish van fool fat三.写出单词或音标。br keid3 vest he kk ti:zi:p la:f,四.选出下列每题中有几种读音。()1.foot room leaf vase()2.vest five like love()3.ship pea pick hik

24、e()4.thumb cut brother mother()5.they thin maths mouth,二.选出下列选项中具有相同发音的两个单词。1.dream shoes drink popcorn2.truck thirsty bath trash3.beds pets words gates4.birds boots rats friends5.drug drain rain dish三.写出单词或音标。draiv trein wuds kaits tr dr:guts frendz,语音的基本常识 1、音节的划分 一个单词的音标中有几个元音就有几个音节。2、重读音节 任何双音节或多音节单词的音标中，有重读音节和非重读音节，哪一个音节重读，该音节的左上方或该音节的元音上方标有重读符号“”。3、浊化音 以sp_,st_,sk_开头的单词中，清辅音/p/t/k/分别要发浊辅音/b/d/g/。4、定冠词the的读音 e.g.the man cf.the old man,