英语语法入门-句子结构.ppt

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1、句子结构,-英语的五种基本句型,为什么要学习英语的句子结构？学好句子结构是学好英语的前提,帮助我们学好其他英语语法知识。帮助我们写出正确的英语句子，形成并提高英 语书面表达的能力。帮助我们正确使用英语单词，提高单词拼写及选词填空等用词能力。有助于我们提高阅读能力和其他英语应用能力。,英语的五种基本句型,1、主语系动词表语2、主语谓语3、主语谓语宾语4、主语谓语宾语宾语5、主语谓语宾语补语 定语和状语是句子中的修饰成份，不列 入基本句型中,1、主语系动词表语,eg Mr.Brown is an English teacher.主语 系动词 表语 1).be 动词 解释说明主语的性 2).感官动词

2、：质或特征等 look,sound,feel,taste,smell等 3).表”变化”的词：become,get,turn等，还有seem,keep,stay等。,1).His parents are in the kitchen now.2).You looked happy yesterday.3).This song doesnt sound beautiful.4).Did your father get angry?,主语,系动词,表语,主语,系动词,表语,表语,主语,系动词,主语,系动词,表语,找出下列句子中的表语：The old man was feeling very tir

3、ed.A B C D Why is he worried?A B The leaves have turned yellow.A B C D They all became interested in the subject.A B C D She was the first to learn about it.AB C D,2、主语谓语eg Your father is standing there.主语 谓语1）His teacher came in with a book in his hand.The bus started and arrived there at eight ocl

4、ock.,Flowers come out in spring.The plane has already left.5)Is the baby dog sleeping?,3、主语谓语宾语eg I know these people.主语 谓语 宾语,My brother didnt do his homework.主语 谓语 宾语 People all over the world speak English.主语 谓语 宾语 How many new words did you learn last class?宾语 主语 谓语.,They dont know who Father Ch

5、ristmas is.Some of the students in the school want to go swimming.The old man said he was ill.You will find it when you get home.,4、主语谓语宾语宾语eg She gave me her telephone number.主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语 或：She gave her telephone number to me.主语 谓语 直接宾语 间接宾语 间接宾语放后面时要在其前加”to”或“for”。,可以跟“to+间接宾语”的动词有：give,show,pa

6、ss,lend,take,tell 等。1）I showed him the photo yesterday.主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语 I showed the photo to him yesterday.主语 谓语 直接宾语 间接宾语 2)He passed us the papers.=,He passed the papers to us.,可以跟“for+间接宾语”的动词有：buy,make,cook,get,sing,read等。My parents bought me a new bag.主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语=My parents bought a new bag

7、 for me.主语 谓语 直接宾语 间接宾语2）She cooked us a big meal.主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语=,She cooked a big meal for us.,1)Shehastaught us Englishfor3years.主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语2)Hisuncleleftsomemoney to him.主语 谓语 直接宾语 间接宾语3)Thefatherisshowing theboy howtoplanttrees.主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语Wouldyoupleasetell me youraddress?主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾

8、语5)Ill make some cards for them.,5、主语谓语宾语宾语补足语eg They called their daughter Alice.主语 谓语 宾语 宾补 He found his new job boring主语 谓语 宾语 宾补 I saw her chatting with Nancy.主语 谓语 宾语 宾补 I want you to help me with the housework.,在此句型中有时可以有“it”作形式宾语，把真正的宾语放到最后。此时作宾语的常是动词不定式“to do”,动词的“ing”形式或宾语从句，如：I still find

9、it hard to make good friends with her.形式宾语 真正宾语We thought it no use doing that.3)Didnt I make it clear to you that I was not coming?,She likes the children to read newspapers 主语 谓语 宾语 宾补 and books in the reading-room.He asked her to take the boy out of school.主语 谓语 宾语 宾补 She found it difficult to do

10、 the work.主语 谓语 宾语 宾补 宾语 They call me Lily sometimes.I saw Mr.Wang get on the bus.,1.ThisisanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.2.Thedinnersmellsgood.3.Hefellinlove.4.Whoknowstheanswer?5.Shesmiledherthanks.6.Hehasagreedtohelpthem.,7.Shecookedherhusbandadeliciousmeal.8.Hebroughtadictionary for you.9.Theyappointedhimmanager.10.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.11.Theboyintheclassroomsat there quietly.12.Learningnewwordsisveryuseful.,