英语教育的人文内涵与英语教师人文素养.ppt
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1、英语教育的人文内涵与英语教师人文素养,查明建上外英语学院 外教社2015年桂林,2,提纲,英语教育的人文性质与学科定位英语教育的人文内涵英语教师应具备的人文修养与知识结构人文经典阅读的意义,一、英语专业的现状与危机,全国最大的专业。专业吸引力在减弱。优质生源流失。学生知识面狭窄,人才市场竞争力弱。“小才拥挤,大才难觅。”,一、英语专业的现状与危机,英语专业高端人才的需求与现状的落差随着全球化时代的到来以及中国大国国际地位的日益提升,国家对高端外语专业人才的需求显得越来越急切。缺乏精通英文、谙熟中外文化的人文社科人才,以及外交、国际新闻、中外文化交流等领域的高端专业人才。,英语专业危机的根本原因
2、,英语专业出现的严重危机,根本的原因:一、对这个专业的功利主义、实用主义的态度。二、因功利主义、短期行为主义而淡化了英语专业意识,模糊了其专业性质和专业人才培养理念。三、对英语专业认识的误区,6,二、英语专业的学科性质与定位,对英语专业认识的误区混淆了“英语”与“英语专业”、“学习英语”与“英语学习”的本质不同。英语学科属于人文学科,而非实用型、工具型学科。,7,二、英语专业的人文学科性质与定位,英语专业不是仅仅学英语的专业。学习英语只是进入专业学习的途径,而不是英语专业的全部内容。英语专业要从过去的以语言技能培训为中心,转向以人文通识教育为中心,培养英语基本功扎实,人文视野宽广,具有深厚人文
3、情怀和批评性思维能力,有可持续发展的潜力和终身学习能力的英语专业人才。,8,学科定位与英语专业人才培养理念,首先培养学生具有扎实的英语基本功(听、说、读、写、译能力),掌握进入专业学习的工具。登堂入室,进入英语专业的殿堂。以人文学科为理念,以人文素养和人文精神培养为导向、以英语专业人才培养为目标,以英语语言、文学、文化为核心的人文通识教育。,9,英语专业的人才培养理念,学生除掌握外语技能外,还应学习语言对象国的文学、社会、历史和文化,应具备基本的人文学科(包括文史哲等)的知识结构,具有较高的人文素质。,英语人才的内涵,外语专业学生应具备的专业素质语言能力(听、说、读、写、译能力)专业能力(语言
4、、文学、对象国文化、人文学科的基本知识结构)人文素质人文修养、人文情怀、人文精神跨文化沟通能力、中国文化思辨能力有较高的人生境界和事业心有终身学习和可持续发展能力,哈佛大学人文教育的理念,Harvard Universitys General Education Harvard faces the challenge of preparing its students to lead flourishing and productive lives in a world that is dramatically different from the world in which most of
5、 its faculty grew up.The world today is interconnected in ways inconceivable thirty to forty years ago,it is a highly unstable and uncertain world.By virtue of their gifts,their hard work,and their good fortune,Harvardsstudents will enjoy exceptional opportunities.But they will need to make their wa
6、y in an environment complex in new and incompletely understood ways;and they will also be responsible for more than themselves.They will lead lives that affect the lives of others.It is our mission to help them find their way and to meet their responsibilities by providing a curriculum that is respo
7、nsive to the conditions of the 21th century.(Preliminary Report of the Task Force on General Education,October 2006),三、中国英语专业教育的人文 传统及其成功经验的启示,13,1930-40年代清华大学外文系人才培养理念,外国语文系学程一览开宗明义点出了外国语文学系课程设置之目的(外语人才培养理念和目标),就是培养学生:(甲)成为博雅之士;(乙)了解西洋文明之精神;(丙)造就国内所需要之精通外国语文人才;(丁)创造今世之中国文学;(戊)汇通东西之精神思想而互为介绍传布。,14,清
8、华外文系人文教育的开拓者吴宓先生,15,人文通识教育理念与人才培养,清华培养的杰出外语人才:钱锺书、季羡林、洪深、曹禺、李健吾、吴达元、田德望、赵萝蕤等。,16,国立西南联合大学(),17,西南联大培养的英语界名家,杨周翰、许国璋、王佐良、李赋宁、穆旦(查良铮)、周珏良、王岷源、吴景荣、巫宁坤、郑敏、许芥昱、英若诚、陈羽纶、许渊冲等。,18,西南联大培养的英语教育界名家,19,最好的大学西南联大,20,梅贻琦的人文通识教育观,梅贻琦(1889-1962)“通识为本,而专识为末。”梅贻琦:大学教育首先应培养和塑造健全的人格、意志和人文品质。“通专虽应兼顾,而重心所致,则应在通而不在专。”,21,
9、清华、西南联大外语人才培养的启示,许国璋:“我教学生从来不以教会学会几句英语或教会一种本事为目标,而是教会怎样做人。英语教育是用英语来学习文化,认识世界,培养心智,而不是英语教学。”王佐良:“通过文化来学习语言,语言也会学得更好。”,22,英语教育的人文内涵,人文性:以人的培养和人文教育为核心;专业性:特定的专业课程学习,即以语言、文学、文化为核心的课程体系。人文性与专业性的统一。,23,英语专业教育的人文内涵,人文教育是英语专业教育的应有内容。英语教育的人文化,不是简单的外语技能训练+人文教育,而是英语教育的应有之意,应融为一体。,英语教学的人文意识,挖掘教材,拓展教学内容,于细微之处,培养
10、学生对语言的敏感、文化的敏感和审美意识,在教学中体现人文意识,渗透人文情怀,潜移默化,滋养人文精神。,对语言和语言文化现象的敏感,语言现象:语音、词汇、语法、修辞。由语言现象到思想、情感、言外之意和文化内涵的分析。李赋宁:分析课文时,必须同时分析语言现象和思想内容。(李赋宁:英语学习经验谈,北京:北京大学出版社,1993年,第49页)宏微互参:通过对语言现象的精确分析来深刻、透彻地理解课文的思想内容和作者的态度和感情。又反过来看思想和情感如何通过巧妙的语言形式来表达。,英语词汇中的历史与文化内涵,“Never Say Goodbye”(综合教程第一册第一单元课文)Grandpa告诉小主人公Ne
11、ver say goodbye,因为“Goodbye is such a sad word.It seems too final,too cold.”1Goodbye是否能翻译成“再见”?“再见”充满期许和希望,而Grandpa说Goodbye意味着悲伤、终结、冷酷。2Goodbye is derived from the late 16thcentury expression“God be with you”.(I wont be with you;May God be with you)origin and historical development of words(etymology
12、,linguistics).3“God be with you”与宗教、九死一生的大航海时代的关系?(西方历史与文化)(刘焱老师上课案例),Early AutumnBy Langston Hughes(1902-1967),When Bill was very young,they had been in love.Many nights they had spent walking,talking together.Then something not very important had come between them,and they didnt speak.Impulsively,
13、she had married a man she thought she loved.Bill went away,bitter about women.Yesterday,walking across Washington Square,she saw him for the first time in years.“Bill Walker,”she said.He stopped.At first he did not recognize her,to him she looked so old.“Mary!Where did you come from?”,Early AutumnBy
14、 Langston Hughes,Unconsciously,she lifted her face as though wanting a kiss,but he held out his hand.She took it.“I live in New York now,”she said.“Oh”smiling politely.Then a little frown came quickly between his eyes.“Always wondered what happened to you,Bill.”“Im a lawyer.Nice firm,way downtown.”“
15、Married yet?”“Sure.Two kids.”“Oh,”she said.A great many people went past them through the park.People they didnt know.It was late afternoon.Nearly sunset.Cold.,Early AutumnBy Langston Hughes,“And your husband?”he asked her.“We have three children.I work in the bursars office at Columbia.”“Youre look
16、ing very.”(he wanted to say old)“.well,”he said.She understood.Under the trees in Washington Square,she found herself desperately reaching back into the past.She had been older than he then in Ohio.Now she was not young at all.Bill was still young.“We live on Central Park West,”she said.“Come and se
17、e us sometime.”,Early AutumnBy Langston Hughes,“Sure,”he replied.“You and your husband must have dinner with my family some night.Any night.Lucille and Id love to have you.”The leaves fell slowly from the trees in the Square.Fell without wind.Autumn dusk.She felt a little sick.“Wed love it,”she answ
18、ered.“You ought to see my kids.”He grinned.Suddenly the lights came on up the whole length of Fifth Avenue,chains of misty brilliance in the blue air.,Early AutumnBy Langston Hughes,“Theres my bus,”she said.He held out his hand.“Good-bye.”“When.”she wanted to say,but the bus was ready to pull off.Th
19、e lights on the avenue blurred,twinkled,blurred.And she was afraid to open her mouth as she entered the bus.Afraid it would be impossible to utter a word.Suddenly she shrieked very loudly.“Good-bye!”But the bus door had closed.,Early AutumnBy Langston Hughes,The bus started.People came between them
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