英语专四语法词汇题最新题型.ppt

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1、英语专四模拟题,词汇篇,1.The new colleague_to have worked in several big corporations before he joined our company.A.confesses B.declaresC claims D.confirms,1.答案：C【参考译文】那位新同事声称他在进入我们公司之前在好几家大公司工作过。【试题分析】本题为动词词义辨析题。【详细解答】confess意为“承认”;declare意为“宣布”;claim意为“宣称，声称”;confirm意为“确认，证实”;,解析,2.During the reading lesson

2、,the teacher asked students to read a few_from the novel.A.piecesB.essays C fragmentsD.extracts,2.答案：D【参考译文】在阅读课上，老师要求学生读小说的摘录。【试题分析】本题为名词词义辨析题。【详细解答】piece指“张，件”；essays指“论文”；fragments指“碎片，片断”；extracts指“摘录，选录”;,解析,3.During the summer holiday season it is difficult to find a(n)_room in the hotels here

3、.A.empty B.vacant C.free D.deserted,3.答案：B【参考译文】在暑假期间，旅馆里面是很难找到一间空房子的。【试题分析】本题为形容词词义辨析题。【详细解答】empty指“空的”，强调房间里无物体；vacant意为“空着的，无人住的”；free指“免费的；空闲的”；deserted指“荒废的”.,解析,4.The old couple will never_the loss of their son.A.get over B.get away C.get off D.get across,4.答案：A【参考译文】这一对老夫妇永远不能从失去儿子的痛苦中恢复过来。【试

4、题分析】本题为动词短语词义辨析题。【详细解答】get over意为“痊愈，恢复”，指恢复健康、快乐等；get away意为“逃走”，常与from连用；get off意为“(使)不受惩罚，开脱”，常与with连用；get across意为“使人了解，使人明白”,解析,5.Scientific research results can now be quickly_to factory production.A.used B.applied C.tried D.practiced,5.答案：B【参考译文】现在的科学研究成果可以被很快地应用于工业生产中。【试题分析】本题考查对考固定搭配的掌握。【详细

5、解答】apply to意为“应用到”，句中to是介词，C、D项都不能与介词to搭配；be used to+名词动名词，意为“习惯于”，不符合句意。,解析,6.She did her work_her manager had instructed.A.as B.until C.when D.though,6答案：A【参考译文】她按照经理的指示办事。【试题分析】本题考查关系词的用法。【详细解答】as可做关系词引导方式状语从句；until和when都引导时间状语从句；though引导让步状语从句。根据句意，此处应用关系词引导方式状语从句,解析,7._of the twins was arrested

6、,because I saw both at a party last night.A.None B.Both C.Neither D.All,7答案：C【参考译文】那对双胞胎都没被捕，因为我昨晚在一个晚会上看见了他俩。【试题分析】本题考查代词的用法。【详细解答】根据句意，此处指那对双胞胎都没被捕，所以可排除B、D项；none表示“没有(人或物)”，后常跟of短语，作主语时谓语动词可用单数或复数形式；neither表示“(二者之中)哪个也不”，后跟of短语，作主语时谓语动词须用单数形式。此题中指双胞胎两个人中哪个也没被捕,解析,8.The police have offered a large

7、_for information leading to the robbers arrest.A.award B.compensation C.prize D.reward,8.答案：D【参考译文】为了得到任何有助于逮捕抢劫者的信息，警方开出了一大笔酬金。【试题分析】本题为名词词义辨析题。【详细解答】award意为“奖品，奖金”；compensation意为“补偿金”；prize意为“奖品，奖赏”；reward意为“报酬，赏金”;,解析,9.I arrived at the airport so late that I_missed the plane.A.only B.quite C.nar

8、rowly D.seldom,9答案：C【参考译文】我赶到机场的时候已经迟了，仅此片刻之差就错过了飞机。【试题分析】本题为副词词义辨析题。【详细解答】only意为“只不过，仅仅”；seldom意为“很少”，为频度副词；quite意为“完全，彻底”；narrowly修饰动词miss,lose等，意为“几乎，仅差一点”。,解析,10.The popularity of the film shows that the reviewers fears were completely_.A.unjustified B.unjust C.misguided D.unaccepted,10答案：C【参考译文

9、】我赶到机场的时候已经迟了，仅此片刻之差就错过了飞机。【试题分析】本题为副词词义辨析题。【详细解答】only意为“只不过，仅仅”；seldom意为“很少”，为频度副词；quite意为“完全，彻底”；narrowly修饰动词miss,lose等，意为“几乎，仅差一点”。,解析,11.The head of the Museum was_and let us actually examine the ancient manuscripts.A.promising B.agreeing C.pleasing D.obliging,11.答案：D【参考译文】博物馆长非常热心，带我们参观了古代的手抄本。

10、【试题分析】本题为形容词词义辨析题。【详细解答】promising意为“有希望的，有前途的”；agreeing不是形容词，用法错误；pleasing意为“令人喜爱的，使人愉快的”；obliging意为“乐于助人的，恳切的”。,解析,12.The multinational corporation was making a take-over_for a property company.A.application B.bid C.proposalD.suggestion,12.答案：B【参考译文】那家跨国公司正提议接管一家地产公司。【试题分析】本题为名词词义辨析题。【详细解答】applicat

11、ion意为“申请，请求”；bid意为“投票，报价”，make a bid for意为“出价买，企图获得”；proposal意为“提议”；suggestion意为“建议”。,解析,13.The party s reduced vote was_of lack of support for its policies.A.indicative B.positive C.revealing D.evident,13.答案：A【参考译文】该党选票减少表明它的政策不受支持。【试题分析】本题为形容词词义辨析题。【详细解答】indicative意为“指示的，表明的”；positive意为“积极的”；revea

12、ling意为“暴露的，显露的”；evident意为“明白的，明显的”。,解析,14.There has been a_lack of communication between the union and the management.A.regretful B.regrettable C.regretting D.regretted,14答案：B【参考译文】令人遗憾的是工会和管理层之间一直缺乏沟通。【试题分析】本题为词语辨析题。【详细解答】regretful意为“遗憾的”，一般指某人；regrettable意为“令人遗憾的，可惜的”；regretting和regretted为分词形式，不能修

13、饰名词。故选项B为正确答案。,解析,15.The teacher_expects his students to pass the university entrance examination.A.confidentially B.proudly C.assuredly D.confidently,15答案：D【参考译文】这位老师满有把握地期待他的学生们通过大学入学考试。【试题分析】本题为副词词义辨析题。【详细解答】confidentially意为“机密地，保密地”；proudly意为“自豪地”；assuredly意为“无疑地，一定”；confidently意为“确信地，有把握地”。,解析,

14、16.The_family in Chinese cities now spends more money on housing than before.A.normal B.average C.usual D.general,16答案：B【参考译文】中国城市的普通家庭在住房上的开销比以前要多。【试题分析】本题为形容词词义辨析题。【详细解答】normal意为“正常的，标准的”；average意为“普通的，中等的”；usual意为“通常的”；general意为“一般性的，普遍的”。,解析,17.Tom has been a vegetarian _principle for years.A.in

15、 B.on C.for D.by,17答案：B【参考译文】多年来，汤姆一直是一个按原则行事的素食者。【试题分析】本题为介词短语搭配题。【详细解答】on principle意为“根据行为准则；按照原则”；in principle 意为“原则上；基本上；大体上”。for和by不与principle搭配。,解析,18.When I got out of the car and walked about among them,_one old man who shook his head disapprovingly,they all began to cheer.A.see that B.excep

16、t that C.provided that D.except for,18答案：D【参考译文】当我下车走在他们中间的时候，除了一个老头不满地摇了摇头，大家都开始欢呼。【详细解答】except for意为“除以外”，后接名词；see that意为“留意；负责；务必”；except that意为“除去之外”后接句子；provided that意为“倘若，在条件下”。,解析,19.I am _grateful for the many kindnesses you have shown my son.A.excessively B.much C.certainly D.exceedingly,19

17、答案：D【参考译文】我非常感激你给我儿子的那么多照顾。【试题分析】本题为副词词义辨析题。【详细解答】exceedingly意为“非常，极其”；excessively意为“过多地，过分地”；much常以too much,so much,very much的形式出现；certainly意为“无疑地；一定”。,解析,20.The _of AIDS has led to an expansion in research seeking a cure.A.innovation B.selection C.proliferation D.conviction,20答案：C【参考译文】爱滋病的扩散使得人们做

18、更多的研究工作去寻找治疗的方法【试题分析】本题为名词词义辨析题。【详细解答】proliferation意为“激增；扩散”；innovation意为“革新，创新”；selection意为“选择；选拔”；conviction意为“定罪，判罪”。,解析,21.I am sorry I have no time at present to _more detail or give you an account of other cities of interest.A.bring into B.take into C.come into D.go into,21答案：D【参考译文】对不起，我眼下没时间

19、讲得更细，也不能把其它旅游城市给你进行一个描述。【试题分析】本题为介词短语辨析题。【详细解答】go into意为“叙述；讨论”；bring后面很少加into;take into和come into与本题意不符,解析,22.When the idea of winning in sports is carried to excess,_competition can turn into disorder and violence.A.honestly B.honest C.honorable D.honorary,22.答案：C【参考译文】当竞争意识发展到极端时，荣誉可能变成混乱和暴力【试题分析

20、】本题为形容词词义辨析题。【详细解答】honorable意为“荣誉的，光荣的”；honestly是副词，意为“诚实地”，不能修饰名词；honest虽能修饰名词，但其意义不合题意；honorary意为“(学位、称号等)作为一种荣誉而授予的，名誉的”。,解析,23.Unless all the members agree to _to the plan there may be further development in the course of action.A.tumble B.stick C.come D.adjust,23.答案：B【参考译文】除非所有成员都同意坚持这个计划，否则行动过

21、程中会有进一步改进。【试题分析】本题为动词词组题。【详细解答】stick to意为“坚持；坚守”；tumble to意为“突然察觉”；come to意为“降临，发生”；adjust to意为“调整；适应”。,解析,24.You must pay import _on certain goods brought into this country.A.money B.fees C.bills D.duties,24.答案：D【参考译文】带入本国的某些商品要交进口税【试题分析】本题为名词词义辨析题。【详细解答】duties意为“税，关税”；bill意为“帐单”；fee意为“费”。,解析,25.We

22、 expect Mr.White will _Class One when Miss Jane retires.A.take over B.take up C.take off D.take to,25.答案：D【参考译文】我们希望珍妮小姐退休后，怀特先生能够接管一班。【试题分析】本题为动词词组题。【详细解答】take over意为“接收，接管”；take up意为“开始采用；采取，承担”；take off意为“脱去；拿掉”；take to意为“开始从事；开始沉湎于”；,解析,26.It was during summer breaks that we first taste the sati

23、sfaction work that_into hard currency.A.translates B.transfers C.transplants D.transmits,26.答案：A【参考译文】暑假期间，我们第一次尝到了把劳动变成货币的滋味。【试题分析】本题为名词词义辨析题。【详细解答】translate意为“变换，把转化成”；transfer意为“移交，迁移”；transplant意为“移植(器官)”；transmit意为“传染(疾病)，传达(知识)”,解析,27.In some cases,your instructor may tell you the topics_or ma

24、y give you a choice of topics to write about.A.in advance B.ahead of C.above all D.right away,27.答案：A【参考译文】在有些情况下，你的导师会事先告诉你题目或把题目给你由你选写。【试题分析】本题为动词词组题.【详细解答】in advance意为“事先，预先”；ahead of意为“在之前”；above all意为“尤其，最重要的是”；right away意为“立刻；马上”。,解析,28.It was the drivers_that caused him to step on the gas ins

25、tead of the brake after his car went over the curb.A.fraud B.alarm C.terror D.panic,28.答案：D【参考译文】车上了马路边后，司机由于惊慌，没踩刹车，却踩了油门。【试题分析】本题为名词词义辨析题。【详细解答】panic意为“惊慌，慌乱”；fraud意为“欺骗，骗局”；alarm意为“警报”；terror意为“恐怖”。,解析,29.Danny left this_message on my answering machine:I must see you.Meet me at twelve oclock.Did

26、he mean noon or midnightA.ambiguous B.responsible C.implicit D.thoughtful,29.答案：A【参考译文】丹尼在我们回答机上留下一条模棱两可的信息：“我必须见你。12点来接我。”他是说中午还是半夜【试题分析】本题为形容词词义辨析题。【详细解答】ambiguous意为“模棱两可的；含糊的”；responsible意为“负责的”；implicit意为“暗含的”；thoughtful意为“沉思的，思考的”。,解析,30.We looked for a table to sit down,but they were all_5_.A.

27、reserved for B.engaged in C.used up D.taken up,30.答案：D【参考译文】我们要找个桌子坐下，可是所有餐桌都已有人。【试题分析】本题为动词词组题.【详细解答】take up意为“占去(时间、地方、注意力等)”；reserve for意为“为留出，保留”；engage in意为“从事；参加”；use up意为“用完，用光；耗尽”,解析,语法篇,1.Nebraska has floods in some years,_.A.in other droughtB.droughts are othersC.while other droughtsD.othe

28、rs in drought,1.【答案】A【译文】Nebraska在几年内有洪水，而在其他年份，Nebraska也有干旱.【解析】在并列从句中，为避免重复，相同的成分可以省略，原句为：“Nebraska has floods in some years,and Nebraska has drought in other years.”。,2._ all behavior is learned behavior is a basic assumption of social scientists.A.NearlyB.That nearlyC.It is nearlyD.When nearly,2

29、.【答案】B【译文】几乎所有的行为都是后天习得的行为是社会科学家的基本假设。【解析】that引导主语从句。,3.This picture is believed _ painted by Tom.A.it wasB.to beC.to beingD.to have been,3.【答案】D【译文】这幅画被认为是汤姆画的.【解析】动词不定式的动作在谓语动词之前发生，要用动词不定式的完成时。,4.Sir Dennis,who is 78,has made it known that much of his collection _ to the nation.A.has leftB.is to l

30、eaveC.leavesD.is to be left,4.【答案】D【译文】丹尼斯爵士今年78岁，他的许多藏品将留给国家.。【解析】that引导的宾语从句中主语中心词为collection，所以应使用动词的被动态，且动作发生在将来，用be to表示按计划或正式安排发生的事。本句中，it为形式宾语。,5.I hope that by posting the letter now at midday,I shall ensure _ it before the weekend.A.you receiveB.your receivingC.you to receiveD.your having r

31、eceived,5.【答案】B【译文】我希望今天中午把信寄出去，以确保你能在周末前收到.【解析】ensure后需接动名词或宾语从句。receive的动作发生在ensure之后，不能用完成时。,6.They will wonder whether their life _ considerably by 2010.A.will have changedB.will be changingC.will have to changeD.is going to change,6.【答案】A【译文】他们想知道到2010他们的生活是否会有很大的改变.【解析】将来完成时表示到将来某一时刻已经完成的动作，常与

32、by连用。,7.The statesman and writer you talked with last month _ at todays conference.A.was presentB.was presentingC.were presentD.were presenting,7.【答案】A【译文】你上个月谈过话的政治家兼作家在今天的会议上。【解析】主语中有两个名词statesman和writer，但前面只有一个定冠词the，所以statesman和writer指的是一个人，谓语动词用单数。be present意为“出席（会议）”。,8.I _ provoded you with t

33、he money.Why didnt you ask me?A.could haveB.hadC.must haveD.ought to have,8.【答案】A【译文】我本可以给你钱。你为什么不问我？【解析】could have done表示过去某件可能发生而没发生，意为“本来可以”。,9.My cat would not have bitten the toy fish,_ it was made of rubber.A.if she has knownB.she should have knownC.if she knewD.had she known,9.【答案】D【译文】我的猫不会咬

34、那条玩具鱼，如果她知道它是用橡皮做的.【解析】在虚拟语气的条件状语从句中，连词if可以省略，这时要把were/had/should提到从句主语前面进行倒装。,10._ are inert outside living cells,but within the appropriate cells they can replicate,causing viral diseases in the organism.A.VirusesB.That virusesC.Viruses,whichD.Despite viruses,10.【答案】A【译文】病毒在活细胞之外是惰性的，但在适当的细胞内它们可以复

35、制，从而导致机体内的病毒性疾病.。【解析】根据句中的but判断，本句为并列句，空处所缺为前一句的主语。,11._ your body does after the stimulus has acted is called the response.A.WhenB.HowC.WhatD.That,11.【答案】C【译文】你的身体在刺激作用后做什么叫做反应。【解析】what引导主语从句并在从句中作宾语,12._,astronomy is a field in which amateurs can make significant contributions.A.Not only most othe

36、r sciencesB.In most other sciencesC.However most other sciencesD.Unlike most other sciences,12.【答案】D【译文】不像其他大多数科学，天文学是一个业余爱好者可以作出重大贡献【解析】unlike引导介词短语，意为“不象”,13.Take your handbag and hang it _ you can find enough space.A.whichB.in whichC.whereverD.whether,13.【答案】C【译文】带上你的手提包，把它挂在任何你能找到足够空间的地方。【解析】连接副

37、词wherever意为“在任何地方”,14.DNA,_,is found in the cell nucleus in the form of very long and thin molecules consisting of two spiral strands.A.inherits materialB.is inheritance materialC.material is inheritedD.the material of inheritance,14.【答案】D【译文】DNA是遗传物质，存在于细胞核中，是由两条螺旋链组成的很长很细的分子.【解析】the material of in

38、heritance为名词词组，作同位语，解释限定主语,15.Potential dehydration is _ that a land animal faces.A.the often greatest hazardB.the greatest often hazardC.often the greatest hazardD.often the hazard greatest,15.【答案】C【译文】潜在的脱水往往是陆地动物面临的最大危险.。【解析】副词often须紧跟在系动词is之后，形容词最高级必须在名词hazard之前,16.Before every presidential elec

39、tion in the United States,the statisticians try to guess the proportion of the population that _ for each candidate.A.are votedB.votingC.to be votedD.will vote,16.【答案】D【译文】在美国的每一次总统选举之前，统计学家都试图猜测投票给每个候选人的人口的比例。【解析】在that引导的定语从句中，逻辑主语是the proportion of the population,谓语动词应用主动形式。用将来时表示对将来的推测。,17.Althou

40、gh thunder and lightning are produced at the same time,light waves travel faster _,so we see the lightning before we hear the thunder.A.than sound waves doB.than sound waves areC.do sound wavesD.sound waves,17.【答案】A【译文】虽然闪电和闪电同时产生，光波的传播速度比声波快，所以我们在听到雷声之前就看到了闪电.。【解析】比较级中所比较的两个事物是对等的平行关系，应保持语法上的一致和语义上

41、的对等。than后完整的形式应该是than sound waves travel，为了简练，用do代替travel。,18.All the committee members said the lecture was _ a second time.A.worth to listenB.worth being listened toC.worth listening toD.worth to listen to,18.【答案】C【译文】所有的委员都说这次讲座值得一听.【解析】be worth(doing)something意为“值得某物，值得做某事”，相当于be worthy of。,19.A

42、nna was reading a piece of science fiction,completely _ to the outside world.A.being lostB.having lostC.losingD.lost,19.【答案】D【译文】安娜在读一本科幻小说，完全不关心外面的世界。【解析】过去分词作伴随状语，表示主句的逻辑主语是该动作的承受者,20.The problem of _ to select as his successor was quickly disposed of.A.whatB.whichC.whomD.how,20.【答案】C【译文】选谁作接班人的问题

43、很快就解决了.【解析】“疑问词+动词不定式”作介词of的宾语，whom充当select的宾语。,21.The first people to live in _ Hawaii were by Polynesians,who sailed here in large canoesfrom other Pacific islands about 2,000 years ago.A.now where isB.what is nowC.it is nowD.now this is,21.【答案】B【译文】第一个住在现在夏威夷的波利尼西亚人，在大约2000年前驾驶大型独木舟从其他太平洋岛屿来。【解析】

44、what引导的从句作介词in的宾语.,22.Hover craft,or air-cushion vehicles,are unusual _ travel over land and water on a layer of air.A.theyB.in theyC.that theyD.in that they,22.【答案】D【译文】气垫船或气垫车是不寻常的，因为他们在陆地和水上行驶时有一层空气。【解析】in that意为“因为”，相当于because,23.Of all the economically important trees,palms have been _.A.the la

45、st studiedB.study the leastC.study less and lessD.to study the less,23.【答案】A【译文】在所有的经济作物中，棕榈树是最后被研究过的.。【解析】the least studied意为“被研究得最少”。这里使用率动词现在完成时的被动语态。,24.Not only _ to determine the depth of the ocean floor,but it is also used to locate oil.A.to use seismologyB.is seismology usedC.seismology is u

46、sedD.using seismology,24.【答案】B【译文】它不仅是用来测定海底深度的地震，但也被用来确定油.【解析】not only放在句首时句子要用倒装语序，将系动词、助动词或情态动词放到主语之前,25.Its high time someone _ him to stop behaving like a child.A.will tellB.toldC.tellD.should tell,25.【答案】B【译文】现在是时候有人告诉他停止像一个孩子的行为。【解析】在its high/about time.结构中，谓语动词通常用过去时，指现在或将来的情况，意为“早该做某事了”。,26

47、._ the English examination,I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.A.In spite ofB.But forC.Because ofD.As for,26.【答案】B【译文】要不是英语考试，我上星期日就去听音乐会了。【解析】but for意为“要不是”，引导含蓄虚拟条件句。,27.The morning class _ over,students rushed out of the classroom for lunch.A.wasB.isC.having beenD.being,27.【答案】D【译文】上午课结束

48、后，学生们冲出教室吃午饭。【解析】独立主格的现在分词形式，在句中作状语。,28._ has been known for about a hundred years,its commercial development has taken place since the beginning of the century.A.WhichB.WhileC.ThatD.As,28.【答案】D【译文】据了解，大约一百年来，自本世纪初它的商业发展就已经产生了。【解析】as作为关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面的整个主句。,29.The elderly man who is moving the la

49、wn is _ the,mayor himself.A.no other butB.no other thanC.no one thanD.none other than,29.【答案】D【译文】正在搬草坪的那个老人不是别人，正是市长本人.。【解析】none other than意为“不是别人，正是”。,30.To succeed on a scientific research project,_.A.one needs to be persistentB.persistence is neededC.one needs be a persistent personD.persistence is one needs,30.【答案】A【译文】要想在科研项目上取得成功，就必须坚持不懈.【解析】to succeed in.是动词不定式做目的状语，后面主句的逻辑主语必须和这个不定式的主语一致；need做实意动词时跟带to的不定式。,