英译汉分句与合句.ppt

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1、分句与合句,分句与合句，是冲破原文句法结构的束缚进行翻译的两个相辅相成的重要方法。分句：把原句某句话的成分加以分解，译成两个或这两个以上的句子。合句：就是把原文两个或者两个以上的句子加以合并，译成一个句子。,原因：英语与汉语存在句式上的差异：,汉语重意合竹竿式句子短,英语 重形合分岔式句子长,单词分译短语分译句子分译,分译,单词分译是指把原文中的一个单词分译成一个句子。,单词分译,原因：句法上的需要，由于有的词在搭配及词义等方面的特点，直译会使句子生硬晦涩，而把单词分译出来能使句子通顺。另外，有的时候为了加强语气，突出重点，也会使用单词分译。英语中名词、形容词以及副词、动词都可以分译。,At

2、present people have a tendency to choose the safety of the middle-ground reply.现在，人们都倾向于采取不偏不倚的态度来回答问题，因为它安全，不招风险。,He shook his head and his eyes were wide,then narrowed in indignation.他摇了摇头，两目睁得圆圆的，接着又眯成一条线，脸上露出了愤怒的神色。,Chairman Mao might have spoken with understandable pride of his policy of“self-r

3、eliance”.毛主席在谈到他的“自力更生”的政策时，也许有些自豪感，这是可以理解的。,George nodded,thankful that his wife was no the talkative kind.乔治点点头，他妻子不是那种絮絮叨叨的人，对此他心存感激。,Buckly was in a clear minority.巴克利属于少数派，这是明摆着的事实。,That region was the most identifiable trouble place.那地区是个麻烦的地方，这是大家很容易看出来的。,The American commander,Admiral Nimitz

4、,was understandably reluctant to join the battle.美军司令海军上将尼米兹怠于出战，这是可以理解的。,I tried vainly to put the pieces together.我想把这些碎片拼在一起，可是拼不起来。,The Chinese seemed justifiably proud of their economic achievements.中国人似乎为他们在经济建设上取得的巨大成就感到自豪，这是合乎情理的。,Jerry quickly ordered everyone to put on life jackets,and tri

5、ed unsuccessfully to put out the fire.杰瑞立即叫大家穿上救生衣，并且分离扑火，但却无济于事。,Radio waves have been considered radiant energy.人们已经认识到，无线电波是一种辐射。,The maximum demand for electricity today is expected to double within a decade.可以预料，目前对电的最大需要量在十年内可望增加一倍。,短语分译是指把原文中的一个短语分译成一个句子。名词短语、分词短语、介词短语都可以分译称分句。,短语分译,They were

6、 at home in the home the people,moving confidently without fear.他们在群众家里感到自在，行动时心里踏实，无忧无虑。,Sunrays filtered in wherever they could,driving out darkness and choking the shadow.阳光摄入了他所能透过的所有地方，赶走了黑暗，驱散了幽影。,I wrote four books in the first three years,a record never touched before.我头三年写了四本书，打破了以往的记录。,The

7、 station chief would have to be close to the director,a member of the inner circle.这位站长就得接近董事，因为董事是核心集团的成员。,Energy can neither be created or destroyed,a universally accepted law.能量既不能创造也不能被消灭，这是一条普遍公认的规律。,The power increased with their number.他们人数增加了，力量也随之增强。,He arrived in Washington at a ripe momen

8、t internationally.他来到华盛顿，就国际形势来说，时机正合适。,Built in 1192,the bridge is over 700 years old.这座桥是1192年修建的，已经有七百多年的历史了。,Throughout his life,Benjamin Franklin continued his education,learning from human contacts as well as from books.富兰克林的整个一生都在受教育，他不仅从书本中学习，而且也从与人的交往中学习。,简单句的分译并列句的分译复合句的分译,句子分译,简单句并列句复合句,英

9、语句型,简单句有一个主语或多个主语和一个谓语，一个主语和多个谓语。,并列句是由并列连词连接的两个或多个简单句。1.由and、but、or、so、for并列连词词组连接成的。Johnlikesplayingbasketball,buthedidntplayityesterday.2.notonlybutalso,eitheror,neithernor,notbut,bothand,等Notonlyonebutalsoallofuswereinvited.,复合句指的是含有两个或更多的主谓结构的句子，其中有一个主谓结构充当句子的某一成分，如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、同位语等。主语从句、宾语从句

10、、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句,His contemptuous attitude towards us is contemptible.他以蔑视的态度对待我们，这种态度是可鄙的。,His wealth enables him to do everything.他有钱，什么事都能干。,This rare and fabulous bird is unique.该鸟系珍惜禽类，天下无双。,The wonderful purity of nature at this season is a most pleasing fact.大自然在这个季节里显得特别纯洁，令人十分赏心悦目。,Tha

11、t question is too hard for me to answer.那个问题太难了，我回答不了。,He is too ill to have been anywhere but in bed.他病得太厉害，哪也去不了，只能呆在床上。,She had made several attempts to help them find other rental quarters without success.她已经试了好几次，要帮他们另找一所出租的房子，结果并没有成功。,His failure to observe the safety regulations resulted in a

12、n accident to the machinery.因为她没与遵守安全规则，机器出了故障。,Helen March picked up the telephone seconds after the first ring and sounded puzzled when Alan asked for June.第一声电话铃响过几秒钟后，海伦.马奇拿起话筒。听到艾伦找琼接电话，她的声音流露出迷惑。,However，travelers will find they can also use the new currency in some places outside the official

13、 euro zone;several large UK-based retail chains will accept the new notes and coin,including Marks&Spencer,Virgin,Selfridges and Dixons.然而，游客们也会发现，在法定的欧元区之外的一些地方，这种新货币也可流通使用。一些总部设在英国的大型零售连锁企业也会接受顾客使用新的欧元纸币和硬币来付账，其中有马尔克斯与斯宾塞公司、维尔京公司、谢尔弗里吉斯公司和狄克逊斯公司等,NEC says it has designed the robot 5 to be“cute”.It

14、 can doze off and walks in its sleep,and will start dancing and playing music if it is patted.日本电气公司称已设计出一种小巧可爱的机器人5号。他会打瞌睡，说梦话。要是你拍他一下，他便开始跳舞和演奏音乐。,The addition of manganese to steel produces a fine grain substance which has greater toughness and ductility.钢中加锰可形成细晶粒物质，这种物质有更好的韧性和塑性。,Possibly the greatest name in the history of German football is that of Franz Beckbauer,or the“kaiser”,as he was regularly call throughout his career,reflecting his ability to dominate a game.弗朗茨.贝肯鲍尔，或者说“凯撒大帝”，也许是德国足球历史上最伟大的名字。人们习惯称呼球员时代的贝肯鲍尔为“凯撒大帝”，这违反了他主宰比赛的能力。,