移动通信与仿真3WCDMA.ppt
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1、UMTSW-CDMA,吴伟民电子与信息工程系,1,CONTENTS,+History+Services(QoS)+Sub-system Network+Different modes(FDD vs TDD)+CDMA Code+OVSF Code+Modulations,+MAC Layer+RLC Layer+RRC Layer+PDCP Layer+BMC Layer+Network Access(RACH)+Handovers,+Frame+Power Control Management+Gold Codes,+Physical Channels+Transport Channels+
2、Logical Channels,+UTRAN Protocols+Security in 3G,+Multiplexing Channels2,HISTORYUniversal Mobile Telecommunication SystemReleased by ITU in 1999,IMT-2000,Modulation-Band,FrequenciesMain UMTS:Europe+JapanCreation of 3GPP(ETSI,NttDoCoMo)Re-usingGSM/GPRS Core-network3,HISTORYUniversal Mobile Telecommun
3、ication SystemUTI,3GPP,3GPP2,Created inTechnologyOrganizationCore-NetworkAccess Technology,1999UMTSETSITTA TTC ARIBT1 GSM-GPRSDS-W-CDMA(FDD)TD/CDMA(TDD),1999CDMA2000TIA TTA TTC ARIB CWTS ANSI-41DS-MC W-CDMA(IS-95),4,UMTS Services,UMTS,Universal Mobile Telecommunication System,GSM Stage 3,target in 2
4、002.,Services:,Multimedia Service in mobility,Internet Access,and other services based on TCP/IP orUDP/IP,High speech Quality level,Interoperability Services,in different UMTS environments,5,UMTS ServicesQoS,Traffic Classes,ConversationalClassReal TimeConversational,StreamingClassReal TimeStreaming,
5、InteractiveClassInteractivemode:as,BackgroundClassIf its possible,better than,Main FeaturesExample,-Keeppermanentconnectionbetween end-usersSpeech,Keep in livebroadcastedinformationforward usersVideostreaming,Command/ResponseKeepinginformationWebBrowsing,End-user doesnot waitinformation atspecific d
6、urationBackgroundapplication,(mail/MSN)6,Sub-system Networks,UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunication System,Network:,NSS Part:keep GSM and GPRS core-network,BSS Part:new infrastructure,High Speed and quality for Speech with,2 Mbits/s in mobilty,Frequency Bands around 2 GHz,Dynamic Frequency Manageme
7、nt in W-CDMA,7,4,4,Sub-system Networks,UMTSBS,Gs,SGSN,Gn,NodeBUTRAN,UMTSBS,UMTSRNCIub,IuGb,GGSNGi,GERAN,GSM,HLR,NodeB,BTSGSMBTS,GSMBSCAbis,A,MSC,VLR,PSTN,Radio Sub-System,Network Sub-System,8,UMTS Modes,ModeMultiple Acces,FDDDS-CDMA,TDDTDMA/CDMA,BandwidthChip RateFrame DurationModulationFrame Struct
8、ure,4.4 to 5 MHz with step of 200kHz3.84 Mchips/sec10 msQPSK15 slots per frame,SpreadingFactor,4 to 256,1 to 16,Channel Coding,Convolution(1/2-1/3)Turbo Codes per BER 10-3,9,CDMA CodeCDMA:Code Division Multiple Access*In CDMA System every users use SAMEFREQUENCY SIMULTANEMOUS*Each User use own CDMA
9、Code,Code,Frequency,User 3,User 2User 1C3C2C1Time10,CDMA Codebits,chips,EncodeDecode,11,CDMA Code,Correlator,Integration,Symbol,1Correct CodeIncorrect Code,CDMA ReceiverPN(t):Pseudo random Noise Code,Incorrect CodeIncorrect CodeSpreading Code or called Spreading Factor(SF),Chip Rate=Symbol Rate*SF12
10、,CDMA Code,Different Types of Pseudo randomNoise Codes possible:,Orthogonal codes(Walsh)ML Codes,R.Gold Codes Kazumi Codes,13,Orthogonal CodesM-1,2 users(#i,#j)using respectively C#i&C#j(orthogonal codes).Each user sends data bit signal,Ct#i Ct#j=0t=0,*b#ik for user#i*b#jk for user#j:S can be writte
11、n as:,S=sk0,sk1,skM-1,sk0sk1skM-1,=,b#ik c#i0+b#jk c#j0b#ik c#i1+b#jkc#j1b#ik c#iM-1+b#jk c#jM-1,14,x,0,Orthogonal CodesS signal is applied convolutional code C#i for user#i:,M-1,M-1,S*C#i=stk Ct#i=(b#ik C#it+b#jk C#jt)x C#itt=0 t=0,M-1,M-1,=b#ik,C#it C#it+b#jk C#jt C#it,t=0=b#ik x M,+b#jk x,t=0,(S*
12、C#i)/M=b#ik,Original Data Bit,15,Orthogonal Codes,H1=(+1)+Hn+Hn,Proprity of Walsh-Hadamard matricesHnT=Hn,H2n=Exemple,+Hn-Hn,HnHn=nIn,+1,+1,+1,+1,+1,+1,+1,+1,H2=,+1+1,+1+1,-1+1,+1-1,-1-1,+1+1,-1+1,+1-1,-1-1,+1-1,H8=,+1+1+1+1+1,-1+1-1+1-1,-1+1+1-1-1,+1+1-1-1+1,+1-1-1-1-1,-1-1+1-1+1,-1-1-1+1+1,+1-1+1+
13、1-1,16,OVSF Tree(Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor),Method of the Hadamard,C4,0=(1,1,1,1),C8,0=(1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1),C1,0=(1),C2,0=(1,1),C4,1=(1,1,-1,-1)C4,2=(1,-1,1,-1),C8,1=(1,1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,-1)C8,2=(1,1,-1,-1,1,1,-1,-1)C8,3=(1,1,-1,-1,-1,-1,1,1)C8,4=(1,-1,1,-1,1,-1,1,-1),Forbidden Codes,C2,1=(1,-1
14、)Selected Code,C4,3=(1,-1,-1,1),C8,5=(1,-1,1,-1,-1,1,-1,1)C8,6=(1,-1,-1,1,1,-1,-1,1)C8,7=(1,-1,-1,1,-1,1,1,-1),SF=1,SF=2,SF=4,SF=8,Properties of codes OVSF(Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor)Orthogonal sequence,inter-correlation between 2 sequence is ZEROSequences are different sizes following dat
15、a rate transmission17,18,Orthogonal CodesRatebits=SF x RatechipChip Rate is set to 3.84 Mchips/s in W-CDMA.,Select SF,Select Data Rate,Downlink Channel(DL)SF 4 to 512,Uplink Channel(UL)SF 4 to 256,SF=1,SF=2,SF=4DataRate2Mb/s,SF=8DataRate384kb/s,SF=16DataRate128kb/s,SF=32DataRate64kb/s,SF=64DataRate3
16、2kb/s,SF=128DataRate8kb/s,SF=256CommomChannelsCPICH,SF=512SMSSignalling1.7kb/s,P-CCPCH,Cch,SF,k,SFk,Spreading FactorCode Number,(4.512 in DL,4.256 in UL)(0.SF-1),ML Code,ML(Maximum Length)sequence or m-sequence,Pseudo random binary sequence,Synchronisation performance is good Sequence of length(2M-1
17、),Very low autocorrelation values Few sensitive at multipaths,ML code sequence can simply be generated by a shift register with feedback,LFSR(Linear Feedback Sifht Registers):,h(x)=xr+h(r-1)x(r-1)+.h1 x+1,19,Robert Gold Code,Gold Codes are constructed by eXOR-ing two m-sequences of same length 2m-1,
18、Gold sequences have better cross-correlation properties than MLS,20,CDMA CodeUMTS:2 types of codes are used1-Orthogonal CodesSprectrum is spreadFollowing Data Rate2-Gold CodesUsed as Scrambling codeProtection against noise signal and mulitpaths,Data,Code OVSF,Scrambling Code,bit rate,chip rate,chip
19、rate,21,I,GS,CDMA Code:DownLinkUnique Primary SCRAMBLING,Inputx,SP,1 OVFS CODE/InputQ,CODE for the cellI+jQSx,jS1G1,S2,G2,ReT,Pulse-,cos(t),P-SCH,GP,Splitreal&imag.eparties,ImT,shapingPulse-shaping,S-SCH-sin(t)Set on Carrier22,CDMA Code:UpLink,1_I,cd,1,d,cd,3,d,I,Unique,2_I3_I,cd,5,d,SCRAMBLINGCODEf
20、or the UE,ReT,Pulse-,cos(t),1_Q,cd,2,d,I+jQ,S,Splitreal&image.parties,ImT,shapingPulse-shaping,cd,4,d,2_Q,cd,6,d,Q,-sin(t),3_Qj23,24,CDMA Code:OverviewCDMA Codes Principal Allocations,C8,2 C8,3,C8,1,C8,2,C4,1,C8,2 C8,1Cs2 Cs2,C8,1Cs1,C8,1Cs3,C8,1Cs4,F1,Cs1,F1Cs2F1,Cs3,F2,F2F2,Downlink Path,Uplink Pa
21、th,UTRAN:512 codes of Primary Scrambling Codes:Cs DL24,CDMA Code:Overview,SynchronisationCodesP-SCH&S-SCH,ChannelisationCodes,ScramblingCodes,UL,ScramblingCodes,DL,TypeLengthDurationNumber ofcodesSpreading,Gold Codes256 chips66.67 s1 primary code16 secondary codesNo,OVSF codes4-512 chips(SF)1.04 s-1
22、33.34 s=spreading factor4.256 UL,4.512 DLYes,increasesbandwidth,Gold Codes38400 chips(long)256 chips(short)10 ms/66.67 s224No,Gold Codes38400 chips10 ms512(1 primary+15 secondary)No,UL:to separate,Usage,To enable terminalsto locate andsynchronise to thecells main controlchannels,physical data andcon
23、trol data fromsame terminalDL:to separateconnection to different,UEidentification,Cellidentification,terminals in a same,cell,25,Receive Path DelayCDMA Theory,Code#0(bit bn)Code#1(bit bm),Code#0(bit bn+1)Code#1(bit bm+1),Code#0(bit bn+2)Code#1(bit bm+2),Code#0(bit bn+3)Code#1(bit bm+3),Delay,Code#0(
24、bit bn),Code#0(bit bn+1),Code#0(bit bn+2),Code#0(bit bn+3),Code#1(bit bm),Code#1(bit bm+1),Code#1(bit bm+2),Code#1(bit bm+3),-ai and ti:weighting coefficient and delays related to multipaths.,-e(t):data signal-n(t):white noise estimation26,Path,Channel TransmissionFilter Modelisation for Channel Imp
25、ulse Response:h(t)modifying original signal e(t)and adding white noiser(t)=h(t)*e(t)+n(t)Channel Impulse ResponseN,Double MirroringDiffraction,Receiver,h(t)=,ai(t i)i=1,Estimated Delay for Path#iDirectWeight coefficient for path#i,Number of paths,Average Power|ai|2,Simply MirroringSender27,5,5,Chann
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