现代大学英语精读第二版第一单元课件.ppt

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1、Lesson 1 Half a Day,Part Four,Language Study,ENTER,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Word Study Phrases and Expressions Word Building Grammar,Language Study,Contents,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Word Study,Word list:,clutchconvincevastintricateoverlook,6.variety7.revolvepresenttracedaze,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Word Study,1.cl

2、utch(1),vt.to hold sth.or sb.tightly,esp.because you are frightened,in pain,or do not want to lose somethingExamples:The boy clutched the toy and ran away.A woman clutching a baby stole an elderly womans purse.,Synonymshold seizegripgraspgrabsnatch,To be continued on the next page.,Lesson 1 Half a D

3、ay,Word Study,clutch at(2),to try hard to hold sth.,esp.when youre in a dangerous situationExample:A drowning man will clutch at a straw.(to try hard to find a sign of hope or a solution,even when they are not likely to exist in a difficult or dangerous situation),Synonymcatch at,Lesson 1 Half a Day

4、,Word Study,2.convince vt.to make sb.feel certain that sth.is trueExamples:I couldnt convince him of his mistake.How can I convince you of my sincerity?I managed to convince them that the story was true.a convincing argument convincing evidence,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Word Study,3.vast(1),a.extremely la

5、rge;spreading a great distance,Examples:The vast plains of this country spread for hundreds of miles.He is very valuable to his employer because of his vast experience in the business.,hugeimmenseenormousgiganticmassive giantcolossal mammothtremendoustitanic,Synonyms,To be continued on the next page

6、.,Examples:The group of actors was brought from New York to London at vast expense.The refugees came across the border in vast numbers.The vast majority of young people dont take drugs.,vast(2),Lesson 1 Half a Day,Word Study,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Word Study,a.containing many detailed parts which make

7、it difficult to understandExamples:It is an intricate idea and would need a lot of intricate work.A touch of paranoia is not a bad thing to bring to the computer-software business,where shifting alliances,rapid technological changes and intricate co-dependencies make plotting long-term strategies ha

8、zardous.,4.intricate,Translation踏入电脑软件这个行业，带点妄想并不是件坏事，因为在这个行业里，业者间分分合合，科技日新月异，互依的关系错综复杂，制定长期发展策略反倒危险。,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Word Study,5.overlook vt.a.to have a view of sth.from above b.to fail to see or notice;pay no attention to,Examples:Our room overlooks the ocean.My garden is overlooked by the ne

9、ighbours.Im afraid I overlooked your name;Ill add it to the list immediately.Ill overlook your mistake this time.,Synonymsneglect ignore,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Word Study,6.variety(1)n.number or range of different things,Examples:The T-shirts are available in a wide variety of colors.The students come

10、from a variety of different backgrounds.,To be continued on the next page.,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Word Study,There was little she could do to add variety to her daily routine.She didnt like the work,because it lacked variety;she was doing the same things all the time.Variety is the spice of life.(=Doin

11、g a lot of different things,meeting different people,etc.is what makes life interesting.),variety(2)n.quality of not being the same,or not being the same at all times,Word formationsvary(v.)various(a.)varied(a.)variable(n.&a.)variation(n.)variant(n.),Examples,To be continued on the next page.,Lesson

12、 1 Half a Day,Word Study,Translation,1)Customs vary from country to country.2)Human nature,in all its many and varied forms,is very complex and hard to understand.Of all the various ways of cooking an egg,I like boiling best.4)There are wide regional variations in house price.5)There are too many va

13、riables in the experiment to predict the result accurately.6)Consumers preferences are so variable that planning is almost impossible.,To be continued on the next page.,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Word Study,1)风俗随国家不同而有所变化。2)人类本性，多种多样，变化多端，复杂难解。3)在各种各样做鸡蛋的方法中，我最喜欢煮鸡蛋。4)房价有很大的地方性差异。5)实验存在太多的变量，无法准确预测实验结果。6)消

14、费者的喜好是如此反复无常以致于不可能形成 什么计划。,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Word Study,7.revolve,v.a.to spin around or make sth.spin around,on a central point b.(fig.)to think about,Examples:The metal disc revolves at high speed.The earth revolves round the sun.The story revolves around a young girl who runs away from home.He r

15、evolved the matter in his head/mind.,Synonyms spin rotate whirl,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Word Study,8.present(1),v.(reflex)to appear;attend,Examples:When the chance to study at Harvard presented itself,I jumped at it.He was ordered to present himself at the chairmans office at nine oclock next morning.,W

16、ord formationspresentation(n.)presentable(a.),To be continued on the next page.,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Word Study,present(2)v.a.to give;offer;put forward;submit b.to show or reveal c.to put on;produce(a play),Davids manager presented him with the award for best sales in the region.His sudden resignatio

17、n presents us with a tricky situation.The National Theatre is presenting“King Lear”next month.,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Word Study,9.trace(1),n.a.a small sign that shows that sb.or sth.was present or existed b.very small amount,It vanished/disappeared/without trace.Petras lost all trace of her German acc

18、ent.Age has left its traces on his face.There are traces of poison in the mans blood.A mere trace of smile passed over her face.,a,a,b,b,a,Synonymstrackvestige,To be continued on the next page.,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Word Study,trace(2),v.a.to follow the marks to find sb.or sth.b.to find the origin of

19、sth.c.to study or describe the history,development or progress of sth.,Examples:She had given up all hope of tracing her missing daughter.The style of these paintings can be traced back to early medieval influences.His book traces the changing nature of the relationship between men and women.,Synony

20、msdiscoverfind track downWord formationtraceable(a.),Lesson 1 Half a Day,Word Study,Examples:Ive been wandering around in a daze all day.If someone gave you a heavy blow on the head,you would probably feel dazed.Dazed survivors staggered from the wreckage.,10.daze n.a confused state of mind v.to mak

21、e(sb.)feel stupid or unable to think clearly,The end of Word Study.,Lesson 1 Half a Day,II.Phrases and Expressions,1.throw sb.into/out of a place2.make(a useful man)out of a boy3.there is no good to be had in doing sth.4.cling to 5.burst into6.a matter of 7.fool around8.bring about 9.give rise to10.

22、resort to 11.take advantage of12.in vain 13.find ones way to14.show off 15.let up,List:,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Phrases and Expressions,1.throw sb.into/out of a place to force sb.to enter/leave a place,Examples:Theyll throw me out(of school)if I fail three exams.Nick got thrown out of college in the sec

23、ond year for taking drugs.Anyone who opposes the regime is liable to be thrown into jail/prison.,Lesson 1 Half a Day,2.make(a useful man)out of a boy to make a boy become useful,Phrases and Expressions,Examples:The army made a man of him.The four brothers all made a success of their lives.He said th

24、e Government were frightened of nothing.The real trouble was that we were making a mountain out of a molehill(小题大做).,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Examples:There is no good to be had in buying a boat when you dont have enough spare time to use it.I dont see there is any good to be had in downsizing the compan

25、y.,3.There is no good to be had in doing sth.=It is no good/use doing sth.,Phrases and Expressions,Related phrases,To be continued on the next page.,Lesson 1 Half a Day,it is no(not much)goodit is no(not any,hardly any,little)useit is uselessit is not the slightest useit is worth(worthwhile)there is

26、 no(good,use)Example:There is no good denying that women are playing an important role in the world today.,Phrases and Expressions,+doing,Lesson 1 Half a Day,to hold tightly;not release ones grip onExamples:The little child clung to his mother for comfort.Some of the victims of the fire climbed out

27、of the building,clung to the window ledges for a minute or two and then dropped to their death a hundred feet below.,4.cling to,Phrases and Expressions,Collocations,To be continued on the next page.,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Phrases and Expressions,Cf.cling to the beliefcling to the hopecling to ones own

28、viewcling to the habitcling to ones possessions,Cf.固守信念抱着一线希望坚持己见固守着某种习惯坚守财产不肯放弃,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Phrases and Expressions,5.burst into,to begin,suddenly and/or violently,to cry,laugh,sing,etc.Example:Aunt Annabel,who has been nervous and jumpy lately,suddenly burst into tears.,Collocations,To be

29、continued on the next page.,Lesson 1 Half a Day,As the comic got into his stride,the audience burst into hoots of laughter/a guffaw.The aircraft crashed into the hillside and burst into flames.The orchards seemed to have burst into blossom overnight.The entire hall burst into thunderous cheers/appla

30、use.Everyone on the bus burst into song as we got closer to home.,哄堂大笑突然起火竟相开放发出雷鸣般的欢呼/掌声突然唱起歌来Similar expressions,Translation,Phrases and Expressions,To be continued on the next page.,Lesson 1 Half a Day,I mentioned the incident later to a friend and he burst out laughing/crying.,Phrases and Expres

31、sions,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Examples:Learning is a matter of seeing much,suffering much and studying much.The Kings mental state was becoming a matter of concern.Personally I cant stand rock music,but I suppose its all a matter of opinion.I cant say which wine is bestits a matter of personal taste.,6.

32、a matter ofa subject/situation that involves sth.,Phrases and Expressions,Lesson 1 Half a Day,to waste time behaving in a silly wayExamples:He spent the whole afternoon just fooling around.Stop fooling around otherwise youll never amount to anything.,7.fool around/about,Related expressions,Phrases a

33、nd Expressions,To be continued on the next page.,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Cf.He noticed a strange-looking person hanging about the bus stop.I hung around the station for an hour but he never showed up.The children lingered on at the zoo until the closing time.,Phrases and Expressions,Translation1.闲逛；闲荡2.

34、等候3.逗留,Lesson 1 Half a Day,to make sth.happenExamples:Computers have brought about many changes in workplace.I offered to act as mediator and try to bring about a reconciliation between the two parties.That unpopular measure finally brought about the downfall of the government.,8.bring about,Phrases

35、 and Expressions,“bring”phrases,To be continued on the next page.,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Phrases and Expressions,Cf.bring downbring forthbring forwardbring onbring outbring off bring inbring home to sb.,Cf.打倒；击落；降低使产生提出；使涌现出；显示引起，导致；使发展（或前进）使（意义等）明白表示出来使成功；完成收（庄稼）等；引来，引进（风尚等）使某人深切地感到（或清楚地认识到）,Lesson 1

36、Half a Day,to be the reason why sth.esp.sth.bad or unpleasant happensExamples:Two phenomena are giving rise to world-wide concernmass unemployment and mass migration into cities.Most people argued that poverty had given rise to the crimes in the town.,9.give rise to,Phrases and Expressions,Lesson 1

37、Half a Day,to make use of;to turn to sth.(esp.sth.bad)as a solutionExamples:There is no right to resort to violence when you dont get your way.Terrorists resorted to bombing city centers as a means of achieving their political aims.Differences and disputes should be resolved through dialogue and neg

38、otiation rather than by resorting to force or terrorist actions.,10.resort to,Phrases and Expressions,Lesson 1 Half a Day,to use a particular situation to do or get what you wantExamples:I took advantage of the weather to paint the shed.Dont lend them the cartheyre taking advantage of you!,11.take a

39、dvantage of,Phrases and Expressions,欺骗或捉弄某人,More phrases,To be continued on the next page.,Lesson 1 Half a Day,For certain types of work wood has/gains/wins advantages over plastic.New tax regulations had given them an advantage over their commercial rivals.You have the advantage of me.Candidates wi

40、th computer skills will be at an advantage.Do take more exercise.It is to your advantage.,Phrases and Expressions,Translation 1.胜过;优于 2.给某人优势 3.较某人有利;比某 人强 4.处于优势 5.对某人有利;有利 于某人,Lesson 1 Half a Day,without the desired resultExamples:I tried in vain to get Sue to come with us.Dont let your time go by

41、 in vain.In vain did he try to convince the jury of his innocence.,Phrases and Expressions,12.in vain,Lesson 1 Half a Day,to arrive or get to a placeExamples:After being lost for two days,the little dog finally found its way back to its owners house.Because of the dense fog,the traveller couldnt fin

42、d his way to his camp.,13 find ones way to,Phrases and Expressions,Related phrases,To be continued on the next page.,Lesson 1 Half a Day,make ones way to/towards the doorbow her way out of the roompush her way out of the hallshoulder her way through the crowdworm his way into the organizationbeg her

43、 way back homeinch ones way up the mountain,Phrases and Expressions,Translation1.艰难地向门走去2.边鞠躬边退出房间3.挤出大厅4.推搡着挤出人群5.混入组织6.一路乞讨回家7.一步一步挪上山,Lesson 1 Half a Day,a.to attract attention to b.to try to impress people and make them admire your abilities,achievements or possessionExamples:It was said that Mr

44、s.Perkins only went to church to show off her new clothes.She was always at any function or gathering where her accomplishments could be shown off.Pay no attention to Susanshes just showing off.,14.show off,Phrases and Expressions,Lesson 1 Half a Day,a.to stop or become less strong or serious b.to s

45、lacken ones effortsExamples:When will the rain let up?Keep plodding away at your task,no matter how difficult it is;dont let up on it.,15.let up,Phrases and Expressions,The end of Phrases and Expressions.,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Word Building,List:,Prefix:uni-over-2.Root:var(i),Lesson 1 Half a Day,Word

46、Building,uni-:one;single,uniaxialunicornunicameralunicellularunicycleunidirectionalunilateralunipedunipodunipolarunisexual,（有）单轴的独角兽（议会）一院（制）的单细胞（组成）的单轮脚踏车单向性的一方的；单边的独脚的；独腿的独脚架单级的单性的；雌雄异体的,Lesson 1 Half a Day,overtalkoverpraiseoverpayoveruseoverdrinkovereatoverworkovercharge,过分多言过奖多付（钱款）使用过度饮酒过甚吃得过多

47、过度劳累索价太高,over-(1):to excess;too much,Word Building,To be continued on the next page.,Lesson 1 Half a Day,over-(2):above;across;beyond,Word Building,overbridgeovercoatovershoeoverflyoversea(s)overleapoverlook,跨线桥；天桥外套；外衣套鞋飞越海外的跳过俯视,To be continued on the next page.,Lesson 1 Half a Day,over-(3):upset,

48、Word Building,overturnoverthrowoverset,倾覆，倾倒推翻翻转；翻倒,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Root:var(i):diverse；to change,Word Building,varyvariationvarious varietyvariedvariablevariant,（使）不同；（使）变化变异；差异不同的；各式各样的变化性；多样性各种不同的；多变化的变量；变数不同的；变异的；替换的,The end of Word Building.,Lesson 1 Half a Day,Grammar,modal verbwould,1.to

49、express past habits On Sundays he used to/would get up early and go fishing.He used to/would spend the whole day by the river and in the evening used to/would come home with marvellous stories of the fish he had nearly caught.2.to express a characteristic action,usually one which annoys the speaker

50、Bill objects/objected.He would object!(He always objects.),“Would”is used to describe a past routine.,To be continued on the next page.,Lesson 1 Half a Day,modal verbwould,Grammar,3.to comment on a past action He actually got a job as an astrologer.I wouldnt have thought that it was possible to do t