录井工程现场操作手册 MUD LOGGING OPERATION MANUAL.docx

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1、三JDF)D三l三OPreParedby：AHMEDABDELFATAHEDREES.ThemainjobsOfthemudIoRReraretotakeCareof:1- Geologicaljob.2- Drillingjob.3DrilIingfluids/GeolOmC(Iliob.Ihavetoberesponsiblefor:A) SamPling:Ishouldpreparetwosamples.Onedried,theotheriswetted.TheWettedsamplesareenclosedintospecificbags.Onbothofthetwosampleswe

2、writeabovethemthreeinformations.(ComPanyname,WeIlnameanddepthfromandto).Thesamplesmusthavebeenwashedandsievedtotakethefinestgrainstomakeathinsectionfromitandtodothesecondstepoftheresponsibility,whichis.B) DeSCriPIions:Itisdoneunderspecificmicroscopetoseetheoilshowsandtaketheotherdescriptionsoflithol

3、ogicalpercentagesandproperties.2) DrilIin2：Wehavetotakecareofmanyofthedrillingparameterssuchas:A) Hookload:Thisistheloadonthehookthisisthesummationofthestrings,i.e.;thebitand(BHA)bottomholeassembly.B) WeightonbitIt,salwayscalculatedfromthehookloadanditsdecreaseonit.SinceiftheHLis500tonesandsuddenlyb

4、ecame400tonesso-thisdifferenceisduetotheformationresistanceandthisiscalledtheWOB.Sand(lowestresistance)shalesiltlimedolostonemudhoseSWiVeKxStri而annuluflowoutIiheShaIeShakeractivetank.BHA:-(bottonholeassembly),whichconsistsof(BnBlTSUB,DCSTABILIZER,DCJARXO,HWDP)Theoryofanypressuresensorissensitivediap

5、hragmthataffectedwithanypressurelayonit,anditscontactedwithoiltogivesensor.MUdOrairDiaPhragmOilSenSOrWireTYPESOFDRILLINGMUD;1- Spudtnud9commonlyusedinthefirstholedrillingforconductorCSG.2- Solidsaturatedpolymermud(NaCl9KCl).3- Saltsaturatedmud.4Oilbasemud.5- Aeratedmud.#SPM9SPPisdirectlyproportional

6、andreversalvolumetank.HoWCANIDIFFERENTlATEBETWEENTHEDlFFERENTLITHOLOGIES?SandStoneLimeStOIleShaleAlIhydriteSalt1-SD:Lse,1-Lst:Tansh1-Sh:Gy,1-Anh:1-Salt:Anhclss9pnk9wh,offwh,brwnshgy,Crmywh,i/pyellshwh,brnshgy,grnshgy,submlkywh,wh,occgy,crse-cryptoxin,blky-subclss9modhd-v.crsegrnd,sft-modhd9flky,modh

7、d,occpebbly,arg.frm-frm,cryptoxln.ang-subang,noncalc-slipoorsrtd,w/calc9upto50%Dolomite:fldsp.2-Dol:Tanshtanshbrnsh9tanshgy,2-Anh:Yelsh2-Salt2-SD:Lse,gy,brnshgy,cryptoxin-wh,offwh,PlIk,occgy,Cryptoxln-microxln9pstd9sft,md-crsemicroxln9hd-modhd-hd.cryptoxin.grnd,occ/v.v.hd.crse,ang-subang,poorsrtd,w/

8、upto90%fldsp.3-Reactswith3-Reactswith3-SALINITYTEST&Poor3-fasterROPHClBaSO4return&FastROPROPl=(fthr)ROP2=60ROP1(minft)DriHingparameters:1IndrillingPn)CeSSweshouldtakecareofallrelatedparameterssuchas:HKLDdec&WOBincreases.RPMinc&TRQincreases.SPMinc&SPPinc&tankvolumedecreases.KELLYpositiondecreases.Tot

9、aldepthmustequalBitdepth.Andbothofthemincreasesgradually=0.01or0.02or0.032InreamingPrOCeSSOffbottom,RPMoccurs,movingupanddownwithSTD,SPM,SPP,HKLDmax.3- InCirCIllatiOiIDrOCeSSOffbottom,noRPM,SPM,SPP,HKLDmax.Whenthedrillmakescirculationbottomupispumpingmudtogetuptosurfaceandthatneedsaspsificnumberofst

10、rokesorbbls.4- COlmeCtiOiIOffbottom,noWOB,lowestHKLD,noSPP,noSPM,noTRQ,noRPM.5-OnSIiDSIfsdonewhenthefloormenmakesanewaconnection.6SlowPIlmPrate(SCR)ThisisatestoneachpumptonoticethepressureexertedbyeachoneinordertousespecificSPMforeachpumptokillthewellincaseofkick.7Blinddri11ineThedrillingofholewitho

11、utanyreturnofcuttingsorfluidsotheydrillwithseawaterinordertoreducethecosts.8FrccDointindicatorThepointatwhichtheycanmakecutforthestickystring,firstlytheytrytomakejarringtofreethispoint.9FlowCheCkThetestdonetonoticethelevelofmudinsidetheconductor.10LeakOftestThistestdoneaftereachcasingandthebeginning

12、ofnewopenhole,thisoccursbydrillingoftenfeefsnearlytoknowwhatistheallowablepressureontheformation.ILPumpineahiViSmudItsahighviscositymudpumpedtocleantheholefromanycuttingsorLCMorCMTcontamination.12JunkSamPle(magnet)IfsthemetalcuttingscomefromthefrictionbetweentheCSGpipesandtheDP.13-CarbidetestIfsthet

13、estdonetocalibratethegassystemchromatograph;itsalsousedtoexaminethewashinholebycalculatingthelagstrokes.#Calculatetheamountoflossesifnoreturn:Bbls/hrs=POP*TSPM*60#Calculatethe(TFA)-totalflowarea=(Jetsize/32/2)2*22/7*noofjetsiftheyequal.Ifthejetsisopenedso=thesizeis32SECD=istheequivalentcirculatedden

14、sityThisisthemudwtinthedynamicstate.#GPM=POP*SPM*42#POP=(LD)2*lengthstroke*efficiency*0.000243#HOWToCALIBRATETHEPVTSENSOR?1- Onedoublepress4MAvaluereachitto2.802- Towdoublepress20MAvaluereachitto0.503- Fourdoublepressspeedvaluereachitto1# #IncaseofpartialIosses9weaddLCMinthemud,makeshaleshaker(by-pa

15、ss),ifit,scontinuedsoaddseawaterinsteadofmudtoreducethecost.TOfIOSSes:1.SUrfaCeIOSSeSifsthelossesofmudduetosurfaceequipmentslike(desander,desilter,mudcleanerandcentrifuge).2Hulefill-it,sthemudneededtofillthehole=(ID)2*1feet/10293DownIWIelosses)itsthemudlostintheformationduetofracturingorhighermudwt.

16、# #DoelegWeHthisiswelldeviated,tendstobehorizontal.14-SlipandClItIfstheprocessofeliminationoftheoldwornwireonthedrawworkandinstallingofanewonefromthedeadlinereelontothedrawwork.Duringthisprocess,theyhangthetopdrivesothehookloadsensorreadsaminimumvaluelike25klbs.# #Thejunctionbetween2DPiscalledtooljo

17、int.Whilethatbetween2casingspipesiscalled-casingcollar.# #Thegassystemintheunitcomposedof:I-DEGASSER:thisisamotorwithagitatortoliberatethegasesfromthemud.2-suctionpump：thisusedtosuckthegasesfromtheWATERTRAPthroughtheDITCHLINE.3PneumaTlCpanel：thisisusedtofilterthegassesthatcomingfromthepumpintothegas

18、system1.argeCOMPRESSOR：thisisusedtomakealarmforH2Sandexitingofanywaterormudintheditchline.5-SM4/compressor：thisisusedtosupplyanairneededforignition.6-hydrogengenerator：thismainsourceofhydrogen&workbythedistilledwaterionizationinto(HandO).7-Totalgasdetector:isfortheoverallgasquantitydetection.8-CafRy

19、ficChroniatowraDh:forsamplingandtimingofanalysis.9-FIDCHROMATOGRAPH：forthegassampleanalysisintotheircomponents.HOWTOKNoWTHEWASHOUTINPIPES?Bysuddenpressuredropwhiledrilling.#Thismaybeduetothepumpdeefficiencyorleakinthestandpipelinesotheymustmakecheckonbothinordertoconfirmthatiswashoutinpipe,Alsoitmay

20、beduetolossofthejets.#TThereare2typesOfCraCkSeither1.vertical:ThatiswhenincreasingtheWOB,thecrackincreasesandthepressurewillcontinuedrops.2horiz(mtal:ThatondecreasingtheWOB,thepressureswillincrease.# #H。Wt。CalCUlatetheWaSh(HItdepth?# =(id)2*L*const+(d-od)2*L*constWhereid,odforthedrillpipe.dfortheope

21、nholeorcasingdiameter.OVERPULL:IfsthesuddenincreaseintheHKLDreadingwhilePOOH,duetothetightspotinthehole.TWlSTOFF:ThisisthecutofthedrillstringfromanyweakpointlikethetooljointsthatispredictedbysharpdropinSPPandsharpdropinHKLD.#TheadditionofnewmudofdifferentMWTcandifferthetotalMWTinthehole,sotherewillb

22、edifferenceintheHYDROSTATICPRESSURE.MWDGYROTOTCO1-ittakeangelanddirectionsurvey.1-ittakesangelonly.1-ittakesangelonly.2-itranwithrotaryassemblythroughmotoritcouldsenditspulsesthroughthemudduringthedrilling.2-itranthroughthepipesanditrequiresbeingoffbottomandstoppingdrill,usingaspecialpieceofpipe.2-i

23、tranthroughtheopenholebyusingawire.NiPPlinRUPBop:Ifsthesettingup&installingoftheBOPforthenewopenhole,whichfollowedbytheBOPtesttoseewhatisthemaximumallowablepressureontheannulus.FASTBREAK:ItmeanstheROPishighduetosoftformation.DRlLLOFF:Itscomingoffbottompositionafterthedrillingprocess.BACKFLUSH(PURGE)

24、：Ifstheprocessofexitingthewateroranymudfromtheditchlineinordernottoplugthat;byswitchingonthecompressorandopeningthewatertrap.# #Weshouldincreasethemudweightincaseofdrillinghighpressurizedshaleinordernottocausemechanicalstuckandalsoweshouldn9tincreaseabovelimitedvalueinordernottomakedifferentialstuck

25、.BrrUNDERGAUGE:Ifsthedecreasingofthediameterofthebitduetolargetimeofhightorquedrilling,sotheyhavetoPooHforbitchange# #LimeSalldytextureifsthelithologyoflimestoneinshapeofsandsize;henceitcanreactwithhydrochloricacidwithoutanyppt.# #SandVIimeStoneitslimestoneandsandstonemixedrock,whenreactswithHClitgi

26、vesppt.CALCULATIONOFTHEBOTTOMUP:DPBbls=(id)2-(od)2*L1029Strokes=bblsPOPTime=strokesT.spmHOLECALCULATloNOFTHECAPACITY:Bbls=(id)2*L1029Strokes=bblsPOPTime=strokes/T.spm(HOLEorDP)Bbls=(od)2-(id)2*L1029CALCULATloNOFTHEDISPLACEMENTINTHETRlPPlNG:Thedifferenceoftheouterdiameterthantheinnerdiameteristhethic

27、knessofthepipe.ThCPaSSOfIhCSignalSfromandint。theunitis:Sensor-Safetybarrier-DAS-Phillips-online)TheDAOistheconnectingnodeofthissystem,soitsconnectedtoserverviaRS232connectionthroughcardintheservercalledMOXA,whichisalsoconnectedtotherigmonitorthroughtheDAQ.DAQisfeedingthesensorswiththerequiredpowerth

28、roughtheSAFETYBARRlER&consequentlytheDAQcollectsthesensorsdatathroughthesafetybarrier.TheDAQmodulesalsoarefeedingthePHlLLIPSrecorderwiththedata.TheimportanceOftheSafCtybarrier:1-feedingthesensorswithrequiredpower.2-isolatesensorsfromtheDAQ.3-protectthesystemfrombadconnections(shortcircuit,openCircui

29、tconditions.Bitsub:IfstheconnectionbetweentheDCandthebit,anditsabovethebitdirectly.CrOSSOVerSUb(XO):Ifsthejunctionbetweenthepipesthatofdifferentdiameter.KeHydown:ItstheendpointofKellyneartherotarytable;approximatelyitstheheightoftheoldstandminus2-3feefsKeHyup:IfsthebeginningpointoftheKellyinthetopof

30、themast,theheightofnewstandplus2-3feefsTRIPPINGItseitheroneoftow:RUNINHOLE(RIH)ORPULLOUTOFHOLE(POOH):1COMPLTETRIPPC)C)H-itseitherdryorwet.2WiperTRIPPoC)Hit,sshorttriptothelastcasingshoeinthewell.RISERThelongtube(conductor)thatusedonlyinoffshorerigstoconnectbetweenthefloorandtheopeningofthehole,andon

31、thebottomtheBOPisresetontheseafloor.1.Ay刀。WN:ifsthedisintegrationofanyjoints.FORMATIoNINTEGRATEDTEST:Ifstheteston5feet,softheformationaftercasingandaftertheydrilltheshoes,bypumpingmudinclosingoftheholetoknowtheamountofpressureallowableontheformation,thispointisknownfromthedecreaseinthepressureafteri

32、tsincrease.Ififspumpedfromthecementpumpittscalled(LEAKOFFTEST).Cementjob:Becauseoffillingtheholewithmudso;theyneedstopumpcement;hence,theypumpfirstlySDaCer(Water+chemicak+soThisspacerpushesthemudtogouponmudtanks.ThentheypumptheCEMENTSLURRYlead(Iight(heavywtlast),andIcalculatetheamountofreturnedmudwi

33、threspecttotheslurryinordernottotakekickorlosses.ThentheymakeDISPLAcEMENTforthiscementbymudtoletthecemententertheannulus.TheyIyAONCEMENTabout6-12hoursaccordingtothedepthofthecasing.TheBoTToMPLUGisaddedbeforepumpingthespacer,WhiletheUPPERPLUGisaddedafterpumpingtheslurry.CEMENTJOBREPORTDURINGPUMPCEMEN

34、TMUDVOLUME02:00PM=444BBL(BEFORECEMENTJOB)MUDVOLUME04:10PM=735BBL(AFTERPUMPINGCEMENT)MUDVOLUMERECEIVED=291BBLHLSPUMP=(50SPACER)+(213LEAD)+(98TAIL)=361BBL1.OSSESDURINGPUMINGCEMENT=361-291=70BBLDURlNGDlSPLACEMENTCEMENTRIGPUMPSTARTDISPLACEMENTCEMENTWITH735BBLMUDINPITSMUDVOLUMEAFTERDISPLACEMENT=684BBLS06:00PM1.OSSESDURINGDISPLACEMENTCEMENT=735-684=51BBLSO;TOTALLOSSESINCEMENTJOB=70+51=121BBLSTaROncement:ItstheprocessofRIHwithstringtotouchthetopofcementtobeidentified.LOSSESKICK1-DECREASEINTHEPITVOLUMEWITH1-INCREASEINTHEPITSVOLUME.RESPECTTOHOLEFILLS.2-INCREASEINTHESEP,WITHSAMESTROKES.3-incaseo