语法难点突破之六定语从句二ppt课件.ppt
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1、语法难点突破之六 定语从句(二),什么是定语?指出下面句子的定语,Guilin is a beautiful city.China is a developing country.There are 30 woman teachers in our school.His rapid progress in English made ussurprised.Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.,以上句子中的定语都有单词或短语充当,但如果是复杂的定语就应用定语从句,如:住在我们学校的那个老人是个退休工人,The old ma
2、n who lives in our school is a retired woker.,我哥哥昨天买的那本书非常有趣,The book which my brother bought yesterday ie very interesting.,二、定语从句的种类,定语从句,The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句,The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句,My brother who lives in the USA has 6 children.,My brother,who lives in
3、 the USA,has 6 children.,限定性定语与非限定性定语从句的区别从形式,连接词,用途,基础知识回顾:定语从句关系词及其意义,关系代词:,关系副词,who,whom,whose,which,that,as,when,where,why,Who 指人,在句中作主语或宾语,The boy who is standing under the tree is our monitor.,Whom指人,在句中作宾语,常可省略,Whose通常指人,也可指物,在句中作定语,The boy whom I spoke to just now isadmitted to a famous univ
4、ersity.,That is the boy whose mother is a disabled women.The room whose windows face south is our dorm.,Which指物,在句中作主语或宾语,常可省略,Did you see the letter which came today?This is the book which I told you about.,That 既可指人也可指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略,1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together.2.Ill never
5、 forget the days _ we spent together.3.I went to the place _I worked ten years ago.4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.5.This is the reason _ he was late.6.This is the reason _ he gave.,when/in which,which,where/in which,which,why/for which,that/which,关系副词when,where,why,及物动词,及物动词,及物动词,考点
6、与难点归纳,1.that与which的区别 2.对the way的考查 3.介词+关系词 1.对where的考查 2.as的使用 3.综合考查,考点,难点,1)Do you have anything _ you dont understand?2)The only thing _ we can do is to give you some advice.3)Who is the man _ is standing there?4)Her bag,in _ she put all her money,has been stolen.5)She heard a terrible noise,_
7、brought her heart into her mouth.,that,that,that,which,which,考点1:that 与 which,1:先行词是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词或 由不定代词any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all等修饰时,引导定语从句用that不用 which。2:先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰且指物时,引导定语从句用that。3:先行词中既有人又有事物时,引导定语从句用 that。4:先行词被the very,the only,t
8、he last等修饰且指物时,引导定语从句用that。5:当先行词前面有who/which等疑问代词时,只用 that。,填上合适的关系词并分析原因:1.The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.2.The way _he explained to us was quite simple.,that/which/不填,that/in which/不填,缺状语,缺宾语,考点2:the way用做先行词,3.What surprised me was not what he said but _
9、 he said it.(04湖北)A.the way B.in the way that C.in the way D.the way which,高考题链接:,考点3:介词+关系词,1.Do you know the boy _ _ your mother is talking?2.He gave me some novels _ _ I am not very familiar.3.I still remember the day _ _ I first got to Paris.,5.(06浙江)I was given three books on cooking,the first
10、_I really enjoyed.A.of that B.of which C.that D.which,to whom,with which,on which,This is the child whom/that I will take care of.,4.译:这是我要照顾的小孩。,介词+关系代词的情况 1,The man whom you spoke was a scientist.The city which she lives is far away.,to,in,考点3:介词+关系词,介词+关系代词的情况 2,The man who/whom you spoke was a s
11、cientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,介词+关系代词的情况 2,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,介词+关系代词的情况 2,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which
12、 she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后,介词+关系代词的情况 3,Is this the watch that you are looking for?The old man whom I am looking after is better.,在固定短语中介词不能提前,下面两句中的介词能提前吗?,关系代词前介词的确定,1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系,请体会:e.g.Is that the newspaper for which you often write ar
13、ticles?2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配,如:e.g.Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which Im sure.3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯,请体会:e.g.1949 was the year in which the P.R.C.was founded.,关系代词前介词的确定,4.非限制性定与从句中,要表示先行词的一部分时,可用“数词/代词+of+关系代词”的结构,如:e.g.There are 50 students in our class,two-thirds of whom have been to
14、 Beijing.,关系代词前的介词的确定,5.Whose从句可转换为“of+关系代词”型,如:e.g.They live in a house,whose door opens to the south.,They lived in a house,of which the door opens to the south.They lived in a house,the door of which open to the south.,1.Do you like the book she spent$10?2.Do you like the book she paid$10?3.Do yo
15、u like the book she learned a lot?4.Do you like the book she often talks?5.He built a telescope he could study the skies.6.There is a tall tree outside,stands our teacher.7.China has a lot of rivers,the second longest _ is the Yellow River.8.The tower _ people can have a good view is on the hill.9.T
16、he man _ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling.10.He paid the boy$10 for washing ten windows,most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.,on which,for which,from which,about which,through which,under which,of which,from which,to whom,of which,介词+关系代词的情况 练习,1.Ive come to the poi
17、nt where I cant stand him.2.The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.,我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。,国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。,where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是 表示地点的名词,但也有特殊情况。,难点一:where的用法,解析:如果定语从句分别修饰point,situation,degree,和case等表示抽象意义的词,常用where 引导,意思是“到了某种地步,在某种境况中”。,注意1,1.We are trying to reach
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