《吸烟与糖尿病》PPT课件.ppt
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1、吸烟与糖尿病,主 要 内 容,糖尿病、吸烟的概况吸烟(戒烟)与2型糖尿病发病、糖代谢,Diabetes is a group of diseases marked by high levels of blood glucose resulting from defects in insulin production,insulin action,or both.Diabetes can lead to serious complications and premature death,but people with diabetes can take steps to control the
2、disease and lower the risk of complications.-National Diabetes Fact Sheet,2007 糖尿病是一组由于胰岛素分泌不足和/或作 用不足(胰岛素抵抗)引起的以高血糖为特 征的慢性、全身性代谢疾病群 慢性高血糖可致各种器官尤其眼、肾、神经 及心血管损害,引起功能不全或衰竭 遗传及环境因素共同参与了发病过程,糖尿病的定义,典型者有高血糖症状:多尿、多饮、体重下降 有时也可完全无症状 糖尿病的急性并发症:酮症酸中毒 高渗性非酮症昏迷 感染 糖尿病的主要慢性合并症:大血管病变:冠心病,缺血性或出血性脑血管病,肾动脉硬化,肢体动脉硬化
3、微血管病变:糖尿病视网膜病变、糖尿病肾脏病变、糖尿病心肌变神经病变,糖尿病的描述,糖尿病视网膜病变,成人失明的首要原因1,2,糖尿病肾病,终末期肾病的首要原因3,4,心血管疾病,卒中,增加2到4倍5,糖尿病神经病变,非创伤性下肢截肢的首要原因7,8,75%的2型糖尿病患者死于心血管事件6,2型糖尿病的严重并发症,在UKPDS研究中,大约50%2型DM在明确诊断时已经具有糖尿病并发症,糖尿病给家庭和社会带来了沉重的经济负担糖尿病是全球性“流行病”-中国糖尿病患病率急剧增加,糖尿病的流行状况,Total(direct and indirect):$174 billion(十亿(美)Direct m
4、edical costs:$116 billion After adjusting for population age and sex differences,average medical expenditures among people with diagnosed diabetes were 2.3 times higher than what expenditures would be in the absence of diabetes.Indirect costs:$58 billion(disability,work loss,premature mortality),IDF
5、 2007年数据:糖尿病患者人数TOP10国家(2079岁),IDF web-site,http:/media,80年代:约1%;2002年:2.6%;目前(上海,北京,广州):8.9%*在过去20年,上升了四倍,每10年翻倍?,我国糖尿病患病率变化,Age 20 years or older:23.5 million or 10.7%of all people in this age group have diabetes.Age 60 years or older:12.2 million or 23.1%of all people in this age group have diabe
6、tes.,城市人口,Data from epi survey Estimated data,糖代谢的分类,血糖值为mmol/L,*为单纯性IGT或IFG,糖尿病诊断标准,吸烟的概况,众所周知,吸烟会增加患肺癌、心脏病及脑卒中等疾病的危险,还会增加糖尿病的发病危险。吸烟是可预防的致命原因中的头号杀手,每年会导致约400万人死亡,相当于全球总死亡人数的8.8。预计2025 年高达1000万人/年死于与吸烟有关的疾病。香烟中约有4000种化台物其中气相有害物质主要有CO、醛娄、氮氧化物、氰化物等粒子相中有害物质有尼古丁、焦油等。,主 要 内 容,糖尿病、吸烟的概况吸烟(戒烟)与2型糖尿病发病、糖代谢
7、,主要讨论内容,吸烟与2型糖尿病发病的流行病学证据吸烟对2型糖尿病糖代谢的影响吸烟对女性其他内分泌腺功能的影响戒烟对糖尿病预后的影响,瑞士洛桑大学的研究人员分析了25份医学报告,这些报告在19922006年间发表,它们的时间跨度长达30年,接受调查的人数多达120万。瑞士研究人员研究发现,与从不吸烟者相比,吸烟者患2型糖尿病的危险要高44。他们发现,重度吸烟者患糖尿病的危险会更高,1天至少吸20支烟的人,患糖尿病的危险高达6l。,Active Smoking and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes A Systematic Review and Meta-analysi
8、s,Objective To conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis of studies assessing the association between active smoking and incidence of type 2 diabetes.Data Sources A search of MEDLINE(1966 to May 2007)and EMBASE(1980 to May 2007)databases was supplemented by manual searches of bibliographies of
9、key retrieved articles。,-JAMA.2007;298(22):2654-2664,Active Smoking and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis,Results The search yielded 25 prospective cohort studies(N=1.2 million participants)that reported 45 844 incident cases of diabetes during a study follow-up perio
10、d ranging from 5 to 30 years.(1)The pooled adjusted RR was 1.44(95%confidence interval CI,1.31-1.58).Results were consistent and statistically significant in all subgroups.,-JAMA.2007;298(22):2654-2664,Active Smoking and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis,(2)The risk o
11、f diabetes was greater for heavy smokers(20 cigarettes/day;RR,1.61;95%CI,1.43-1.80)than for lighter smokers(RR,1.29;95%CI,1.13-1.48)and lower for former smokers(RR,1.23;95%CI,1.14-1.33)compared with active smokers,consistent with a dose-response phenomenon.Conclusion Active smoking is associated wit
12、h an increased risk of type 2 diabetes.Future research should attempt to establish whether this association is causal and to clarify its mechanisms.,-JAMA.2007;298(22):2654-2664,2型糖尿病与吸烟,中国糖尿病杂志2000 年第8 卷第3 期145-147,目的分析糖尿病与吸烟的关系。方法通过对1996 年“全国糖尿病流行特点的研究”资料进行对比、相关及多因素回归分析。结果1)糖尿病患病率在男性戒烟者最高,为7.48%,正
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