《观测模式》PPT课件.ppt

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1、北京环鼎刘伟,P型核磁的观测模式,北京环鼎刘伟,一些参数在观测模式中被定义Pulse Type脉冲类型Pulse Sequence脉冲序列Wait Time等待时间Inter-Echo Time回波间隔Global Amplitude发射强度Operating Frequencies频率,观测模式是设定核磁仪器工作模式的参数设置,一个观测模式组来自于地面系统并被存储在核磁的dsp模块的存储器中,一个观测模式组是一个复杂的观测模式,通常包含了很多简单的观测模式。,北京环鼎刘伟,观测模式的分类:,过去现在频率的数量目的“Q”Level目的,北京环鼎刘伟,1.频率的数量单频双频三频 2.“

2、Q”Level低 Q中 Q高Q3.目的有效孔隙度总孔隙度直接识别氢的类型其他组合Auxiliary辅助,北京环鼎刘伟,北京环鼎刘伟,北京环鼎刘伟,北京环鼎刘伟,1 有效孔隙度测井-T2 ACTIVATIONS,北京环鼎刘伟,标准核磁脉冲序列,北京环鼎刘伟,有效孔隙度测井,单带单频,北京环鼎刘伟,EFFECTIVE POROSITY-T2 ACTIVATION,单带双频,北京环鼎刘伟,EFFECTIVE POROSITY-T2 ACTIVATION,双带多频,北京环鼎刘伟,有效孔隙度-T2 ACTIVATION,Activation Name=Description,12

3、 DF HQ,Inter-Echo timeTe(=1.2 msec.),Dual Frequency,High Q,Options0.6 ms.Single Frequency(SF)Low Q(LQ)2.4 ms.Triple Frequency(TF)Medium Q(MQ)3.6 ms.Dual Frequency(DF)High Q(HQ)4.8 ms.6.0 ms.,北京环鼎刘伟,有效孔隙度测井,+6,-6,北京环鼎刘伟,理想回波序列,Amplitude,北京环鼎刘伟,EFFECTIVE POROSITY-T2 ACTIVATION,北京环鼎刘伟,EFFECTIVE POR

4、OSITY-T2 ACTIVATION,所用时间,北京环鼎刘伟,EFFECTIVE POROSITY-T2 ACTIVATION,观测模式的名称=描述,12 DF HQ,通常情况下，观测模式如下:,Te#F xQ,刻度名称:,KAL12DFHif Multi-band Activation06SFHQCLDif Single-band Activation with MRIL-D,北京环鼎刘伟,EFFECTIVE POROSITY-T2 ACTIVATION,MRIL Prime-Calibration,6”Sonde4 7/8”Sonde,北京环鼎刘伟,2 总孔隙度观测模式,北京环鼎

5、刘伟,标准核磁脉冲序列,北京环鼎刘伟,总孔隙度观测模式,单带双频,北京环鼎刘伟,MRIL Prime Activation Sets,760 kHz,680 kHz,650 kHz,620 kHz,590 kHz,time,(PR06),(1.2 ms),(1.2 ms),(1.2 ms),(1.2 ms),A,B C,D E,F G,H J,Frequency bands,北京环鼎刘伟,MRIL Prime Activation Sets,760 kHz,680 kHz,650 kHz,620 kHz,590 kHz,time,(PR06),(1.2 ms),(1.2 ms),(1.2

6、 ms),(1.2 ms),A,B C,D E,F G,H J,Frequency bands,北京环鼎刘伟,Options#F(D)Dual or(T)TripleTe1.2 ms.or 0.9 ms.(Effective Porosity)Te0.6 ms.(Partial Recovery)x(Q)H(High),(M)Medium or(L)Lownn03,06,09 or 12 seconds,总孔隙度观测模式,Activation Name=Description,#F HYP nn x(Q),#9 HYP nn x(Q),#F频率个数Te1.2 ms.HYP完全和部分极化nn等

7、待时间(seconds)xQ level,#FNumber of FrequenciesTe0.9 ms.HYPHybrid w/Partial RecoverynnWait Time(seconds)xQ level,北京环鼎刘伟,中孔隙度观测模式,Activation Name=Description,HYPR4BD,多个频带-（只有）总孔隙度模式(bands 0 to 3)每个频带都工作在双频模式下单等待时间6.2秒，Te=1.2 ms.在第四频带上进行部分极化Te=0.6 ms.这是一个高Q模式,包括部分极化的多种观测模式,4 频带用于有效孔隙度,北京环鼎刘伟,TOTAL PORO

8、SITY ACTIVATIONS,Activation Name=Description,DTP/D9TP,4个频带用于总孔隙度测量(bands 0 to 3)没一个频带都工作在双频单 Tw(9.5 sec.)at either Te=1.2 ms.or Te=0.9 ms.部分极化 at Te=0.6 ms,runs in Band 4These are High Q Activations,包括部分极化的混合型观测模式,4个频带用于有效孔隙度,北京环鼎刘伟,TOTAL POROSITY ACTIVATIONS,Activation Name=Description,DHYPx/D9HYP

9、x,Single Band-Total Porosity(only)Activation(band“x”)Each Band operates in Dual and Single Frequency modeSingle Tw(8.0 sec.)at either Te=1.2 ms.or Te=0.9 ms.Partial Recovery at Te=0.6 ms,runs in Band“x”in Single FrequencyThese activations are designed for emergency situations(only 1 band),包括部分极化的混合型

10、观测模式,使用了单个频带,北京环鼎刘伟,TOTAL POROSITY ACTIVATIONS,Activation Name=Description,W1TP/W3TP,Dual Band-Total Porosity(only)Activation Single Tw(8.0 sec.default but can be changed)at Te=1.2 ms.W1TP operates in Bands 0(DF)and 1(SF and DF)W3TP operates in Bands 0(DF)and 3(SF)Partial Recovery at Te=0.6 ms,runs

11、 in Single FrequencyThese activations are designed for Large or“Wide”Boreholes,包括部分极化的混合型观测模式,仅用到了两个频带,北京环鼎刘伟,TOTAL POROSITY ACTIVATIONS,对应的刻度,ACTIVATIONCALIBRATIOND/T F/9 HYP nn x(Q)12 D/TF xQ cal06SFxQ calHYPR4BDKAL12DFH06SFHQCLDDTP/D9TPKAL12DFH06SFHQCLDW1TP/W3TPKAL12DFH06SFHQCLD,北京环鼎刘伟,3 双等待时间观

12、测模式,北京环鼎刘伟,Direct Hydrocarbon TypingDifferential Spectrum Method差普法,1 10 100 1,000 10,000,T2 Time(ms),BrineGasOil,北京环鼎刘伟,Direct Hydrocarbon TypingEnhanced Diffusion Method扩散法,T2 Time(ms),Porosity,1 10 100 1,000 10,000,Porosity,Porosity,Differential Spectrum,北京环鼎刘伟,DHT-Dual Wait Time(DTW/DS),Dual

13、FrequencySingle Band,北京环鼎刘伟,DHT-Dual Wait Time(DTW/DS),Dual FrequencyMultiple Bands,北京环鼎刘伟,DHT-Dual Wait Time(DTW/DS),北京环鼎刘伟,DUAL WAIT TIME ACTIVATIONS,Activation Name=Description,DS 18 HQ,DifferentialSpectrum差普,Dual Wait TimeTwS TwL,High Q,OptionsTe1.2 msec.or 0.9 msec.TwS1 or 2 secondsTwL7,8 or

14、 9 secondsQHQ,MQ or LQ#FDF(always),北京环鼎刘伟,DUAL WAIT TIME ACTIVATIONS,Activation Name=Description,MAX4,DifferentialSpectrum,Dual Wait TimeTwS TwL,High Q,OptionsTe1.2 msec.TwS1 secondTwL13 secondsQHQ(only)#FDF(always)Multi-Band,北京环鼎刘伟,DUAL WAIT TIME ACTIVATIONS,Activation Name=Description,DTWx/D9TWx

15、,DifferentialSpectrum+Total Porosity,Dual Wait TimeTwS and TwL,High Q,OptionsTe1.2 or 0.9(or multiples)msec.TwS1 secondTwL12 secondsQHQ(only)#FDF(always)Multi-Band,北京环鼎刘伟,DUAL WAIT TIME ACTIVATIONS,Calibrations,DSxzH12DFHQ(MRIL-C only)09DSxzH09DFHQ(MRIL-C only)MAX4KAL12DFH06SFHQCLD(for Clay Bound)D

16、TWxKAL12DFH06SFHQCLD(for Clay Bound)D9TWxKAL12DFH06SFHQCLD(for Clay Bound),These activations use two different Wait Times,but all the other parameters in the activation are common,soonly one calibration is needed.,北京环鼎刘伟,DUAL INTER-ECHO TIME ACTIVATIONS双TE观测模式,北京环鼎刘伟,Direct Hydrocarbon IndicationS

17、hifted Spectrum Method移普法,1 10 100 1,000 10,000,T2 Time(ms),BrineGas,Porosity,Porosity,Short EchoSpacing,Long EchoSpacing,北京环鼎刘伟,Direct Hydrocarbon TypingShifted Spectrum Method,1 10 100 1,000 10,000,T2 Time(ms),BrineOil,Porosity,Porosity,Short EchoSpacing,Long EchoSpacing,北京环鼎刘伟,DUAL INTER-ECHO T

18、IME ACTIVATIONS,Dual FrequencySingle Band,观测模式的时间要求:Ne1*Te1=Ne2*Te2,北京环鼎刘伟,DUAL INTER-ECHO TIME ACTIVATIONS,Dual FrequencyMultiple Bands,北京环鼎刘伟,DUAL INTER-ECHO TIME ACTIVATIONS,Activation Name=Description,12 24 DF HQ,Short Te,Dual Frequency,High Q,OptionsTeS1.2 msec.(always)TeL2.4,3.6,4.8 or 6.0 m

19、sec.Twcan be selected as neededQHQ,MQ or LQ#FDF or TF,Long Te,TeS TeL#F xQ,北京环鼎刘伟,DUAL INTER-ECHO TIME ACTIVATIONS,Activation Name=Description,MAX2TWTE/MX2TE,OptionsMAX2TWTE acquires data for DTW+DTE+TPMX2TE is used to process DTE dataTeS1.2 msec.TeL2.4 msec.TeTP0.6 msec.(always)Tw13.5 sec.(full re

20、covery),Dual Inter-Echo Time+Total Porosity,北京环鼎刘伟,DUAL INTER-ECHO TIME ACTIVATIONS,Activation Name=Description,DTEx/D9TEx,OptionsTeS1.2 msec.(6”sonde)TeL2.4,3.6,4.8 or 6.0 msec.(6”sonde)TeS0.9 msec.(slim sonde)TeL1.8,2.7,3.6 or 4.5 msec.(4 7/8”sonde)TeTP0.6 msec.(always)x1,2,3 or 4(indicates diffe

21、rent combinations)Twcan be selected as needed,Dual Inter-Echo Time+Total Porosity,北京环鼎刘伟,DUAL INTER-ECHO TIME ACTIVATIONS,Calibrations Required,ACTIVATIONCALIBRATIONTeS TeL#F xQTeS#F xQ cal(x=H,M or L)TeL#F xQ calDTEx/D9TExKAL12DFH(x=1,2,3 or 4)(KAL60DFH)(DTE3 and 4 only)06SFHQCLD(for PR only),北京环鼎

22、刘伟,DHT-Dual Inter-echo Spacing(DTE/SS),北京环鼎刘伟,OTHER ACTIVATIONS,北京环鼎刘伟,其它观测模式,一些观测模式例如 DXPRS1,W3XPRS1 and W1XPRS1允许测量束缚水最小的测量平均是2，但是这是很少用的。Using a R.A.=16 requires 24 FPM.以测量束缚水为目的的T1组分是和测速无关的。一般使用测量自由水为目标的T1为准.DXPRS1 and W3XPRS1 由以下观测模式组成:12DFHQ and PR06DXPHQDXPRS1 uses bands 3 and 4,W3XPRS1 us

23、es bands 0 and 3W1XPRS1 consists of two partial recovery activations:PR12HQXPRS and PR06HQXPRSW1XPRS1 uses band 1,北京环鼎刘伟,DXPRS1 Activation,760 kHz,680 kHz,650 kHz,620 kHz,590 kHz,time,(PR06),(1.2 ms),(1.2 ms),(1.2 ms),(1.2 ms),A,B C,D E,F G,H J,Frequency bands,Group A:12DFHQ,Group B:PR06DXPHQ,北京环鼎

24、刘伟,W3XPRS1 Activation,760 kHz,680 kHz,650 kHz,620 kHz,590 kHz,time,(PR06),(1.2 ms),(1.2 ms),(1.2 ms),(1.2 ms),A,B C,D E,F G,H J,Frequency bands,Group A:12DFHQ,Group B:PR06DXPHQ,北京环鼎刘伟,W1XPRS1 Activation,760 kHz,680 kHz,650 kHz,620 kHz,590 kHz,time,(PR06),(1.2 ms),(1.2 ms),(1.2 ms),(1.2 ms),A,B C,D

25、E,F G,H J,Frequency bands,Group A:PR12HQXPRS,Group B:PR06HQXPRS,.,北京环鼎刘伟,COMBINATION ACTIVATIONS组合观测模式,北京环鼎刘伟,COMBINATION ACTIVATIONS,P型核磁使用五个频带实现9个不同的频率允许在一个过程中完成更多的数据采集工作观测模式已经非常成熟，它可以有效的提高仪器的操作新的观测模式一次性得到如下数据:Total Porosity dataDual Wait Time dataDual Inter-Echo Time dataor combinations of the

26、three,北京环鼎刘伟,COMBINATION ACTIVATIONS,p型核磁一些组合模式:HYPR4BD/DTPTotal PorosityMAX4/DTWDTw+Total PorosityDTEDTe+Total PorosityMAX2TWTE/DTWEDTw+DTe+Total Porosity,北京环鼎刘伟,DTP/D9TP Activations,760 kHz,680 kHz,650 kHz,620 kHz,590 kHz,time,(PR06),(1.2 ms),(1.2 ms),(1.2 ms),(1.2 ms),A,B C,D E,F G,H J,Frequenc

27、y bands,Tw,Group A:12DFHQ/09DFHQ,Group B:PR06HQ,北京环鼎刘伟,MAX4/DTW Activations,760 kHz,680 kHz,650 kHz,620 kHz,590 kHz,Time,(PR06),(1.2 ms),(1.2 ms),(1.2 ms),(1.2 ms),-Group A;NE=400,TE=1.2ms,TW15 sec.-Group B;NE=400,TE=1.2ms,TW=1.045 sec.-Group C;NE=10,TE=0.6ms,TW=20ms,0 sec.15.6 sec.,北京环鼎刘伟,DTEx/D9

28、TEx Activations,760 kHz,680 kHz,650 kHz,620 kHz,590 kHz,time,(PR06),(1.2 ms),(1.2 ms),(1.2 ms),(1.2 ms),A,B C,D E,F G,H J,Frequency bands,Group A-12DFHQ/09DFHQ,Group B-24DFHQ/18DFHQ,Group C-PR06HQ,北京环鼎刘伟,COMBINATION ACTIVATIONS,Calibrations Required,These Activations require two(sometimes three)different calibrations:06SFHQCLDfor Clay Bound PorosityKAL12DFHfor Effective Porosity and DTw and DteKAL60DFHonly for long Te,北京环鼎刘伟,AUXILIARY ACTIVATIONS,北京环鼎刘伟,AUXILIARY ACTIVATIONS,北京环鼎刘伟,AUXILIARY ACTIVATIONS,北京环鼎刘伟,SPEED CALCULATION,谢谢大家,Any questions？,