《英语阅读猜词》PPT课件.ppt

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1、To Guess Meanings,阅读理解之猜测词义,A research team in the USA examined pieces of bones belonging to Beethoven.They found a large amount of lead in the pieces,or bone fragments.What does the underlined word“fragments”mean?spare parts B.small partsC.metal elements D.bone cells,or,【解】,碎片,Questions are usually

2、 as follows:1)According to the author,the word“”means _.The word“”most likely means _.The word“”in Line.probably meansBy the word“”,the author means_.In Line.,the word“”refers to _.Which of the following is nearest/closest in meaning to“”?7)In Line,the word“”could best be replaced by which of the fo

3、llowing?,using word formationusing synonym context clues using antonym context clues using reasoning or logic exercises and homework,SKILLS,super-inter-mini-micro-re-sub-co-post-pre-trans-under-,在之间超再反复极少的底下，分支的后超越微小一同，一起之前在下，,mis-un-,in,im,dis,non;anti-hood-ish-proof-ship-some-wards-less,不，非反对，时期，状

4、态，性质如同的不，无误，恶易于的向身份，资格。防的,postmodern prehistoric transform underwear nonhuman antibody childhood childish waterproof,supergirl interaction miniskirt microphone rearrange subway co-author troublesome countless,例如：This possibility was unforeseeable，because it almost never happened.,分析unforeseeable,unf

5、oreseeable un fore see able,不,先、前、预,看见,能的；可以的,不可预见的,1.like,as.as,the same as,to be，mean，refer to 等；,2.be defined as,be known as,be called,be termed 等；,3.and 和 or 等,4.以同位语从句，定语从句为线索,5.以标点符号为线索,【例1】Mother was tall,fat and middle-aged.The principal of the school was an older woman,almost as plump as mo

6、ther,and much shorter.,【解】“圆胖的,丰满的”,fat,as plump as mother,【例2】Children often try to emulate or copy the behavior that they see on television.,【解】“仿效”,or,copy,【例3】At forty-two he was in his prime and always full of energy.,【解】从“年龄42岁”以及与prime具有同等关系的full of energy,可以猜出in his prime的意思是“在盛年时期”。,and,ful

7、l of energy,【例4】I told him my job was known as a mason,a person whose job is cutting stone into shape for building.,【解】”石 匠”,以同位语及定语从句为线索,【例5】He was a juggler who entertained the children by pulling rabbits out of his hats,swallowing fire,and other similar tricks.,【解】“变戏法者”,以定语从句为线索,【例6】It will be v

8、ery hard but also very brittle that is,it will break easily.,【解】“脆”,以标点符号为线索,阅读中应多注意带有 but,yet,however,otherwise,nevertheless，in contrast，on the other hand，rather than，although，while unlike，whereas 等表示转折意义的词或是有分号的句子。这类句子前后存在明显的对比关系，根据已知内容，通过对比很容易猜出生词的意义。,【例1】Our maths professor claims that all the p

9、roblems he gives us are simple ones，however，we feel that they are intricate and hard to solve,【解】“复杂的”,however,【例2】John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things；compared to him,his wife is very thrifty.,【解】“节俭的”,waste,compared to him,【例3】Sally is an active girl.Unlike her,her sister was

10、quite sedate.,【解】“沉闷的”,using antonym context clues,active,unlike her,1以因果关系为线索 cause and effect2以列举的事例为线索 examples 运用生活经验及普通常识进行推理 common sense4.联想法 imagination,【例1】She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.,【解】“修剪”,以因果关系为线索 cause and effect,【例2】You can take any of th

11、e periodicals:The World of English,Foreign Language Teaching in Schools,or English Learning.,【解】“期刊”,以列举的事例为线索 examples,【例3】Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold.,【解】“枯萎”,运用生活经验及普通常识进行推理 common sense,【例4】On entering the room,he began to measure his legs on the floor.,【解】他一进屋就

12、摔了个大跟头。,联想法 imagination,1.Chicken becomes rotten very quicklyIt can go bad in a refrigerator if it is left there for more than a week.If you have any suspicion that the meat is bad,dont eat it.Instead inspect it very carefully；check the smell，how it looks and feels,即时训练,The first sign that the chick

13、en is rotten is the smellIf the chicken has a bad 1）odor，you should throw it outThe second sign whether chicken is rotten is the lookIf the meat is black，throw it out(1)”odor”means A.sound B.picture C.smell,The third sign is the feel of the chickenIf the meat is very soft，it might be rotten.2)Discar

14、d it if it isIf only part of the chicken is bad，remove the rotten 3）portion and keep the rest（2）The word“discard”means Akeep Bthrow away Ccook it again（3）“portion”here means Awhole Bpart Chalf,2.We have collected foreign coins for years since our families went on holiday to Tenerife.She explains.Tha

15、t was before the Euro(a kind of money),so we put pesetas in.The underlined word“pesetas”in Para 2 is a kind of _.A.story B.collection C.inspiration D.foreign coin,(NMET 2005 湖南),3.“But,”said Kim,“I feel that since you are my superior,it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do”The word“pre

16、sumptuous“in the middle of the passage is closest in meaning to _.A.full of respect B.too confident and rudeC.lacking in experienceD.too shy and quiet,上下文,1、“Why didnt you keep the money?”asked the thief.The professor replied,“I couldnt because it is not mine.”Then he walked off,spurning the thiefs

17、offer of a reward.accepting B.claiming C.rejecting D.canceling,巩 固 训 练,2、One of Britains bravest women told yesterday how she helped to catch suspected police killer David Bieberand was thanked with flowers by the police.It was also said that she could be in line for a share of up to 30,000 reward m

18、oney.A.get B.be paid C.ask for D.own,生活常识,3、There is no cure for Alzheimers.But a drug called ARICEPT has been used by millions of people to help their symptoms(症状).A.a medicine to cure Alzheimers B.a medicine to delay signs of aging C.a medicine to reduce the symptoms of Alzheimers D.a medicine to

19、cure brain damage,上下文,4.It is true that lighthouses were built in out-of-the-way places.But in a pleasant sunny summer day,this very isolation(隔离、孤立)has a natural beauty that many people love to experierce.A.far-away B.dangerous C.ancient D.secret,构词法,5.Unlike vitamin C,leadership skills cant be eas

20、ily swallowed down.They must be carefully cultivated.A.encouraged B.compared C.examined D.developed,对 比,6.Rainforsts like the Amazon are important for mopping up CO2 from the atmosphere and helping to slow global warming.cleaning up B.taking in C.wiping out D.giving out,常识,7、Growing economic problem

21、s were highlighted by a slowdown in oil output.8、Unlike her gregarious sister,Jane is a shy,unsociable person who does not like to go to parties or to make new friends.,突出（构词法）,爱交际的（对比关系）,9、Semantics,the study of the meaning of words,is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently.10、Doctors

22、 believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health.They also regard drinking as harmful.11、There were so many people in the Red Square that he had to elbow his way through the crowd.,语义学（同位语）,有害的（同类关系）,挤过（因果关系）,12、Today young couples who are just starting their households often spend lot

23、s of money on appliances,for instance,washing machines,refrigerators and color televisions.13、Anthropology is the scientific study of man.14、The door was so low that I hit my head on the lintel.15、14,000 sanitation workers carry off,yearly,three million tons of refuse and keep 7,500 miles of streets clean and free of snow.,（家用）电器（举例）,人类学（定义）,（门窗等的）过梁（经验常识）,环卫工人（上下文）,